使用 Scope_Identity() 在 SQL 服务器中添加 2 个外键

Question

我对 Scope_Identity() 和交易有疑问。

我有这三个表，MemberDetails中的PK是另外两个表中的FK

我一直在尝试使用 Scope_Identity() 创建存储过程，以便 FK 自动添加到表中，但我不知道该怎么做。

你有什么想法吗？

提前致谢

CREATE TABLE [MarketingTarget] 
(
    [MTid] int identity (5000,1) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
    [MDOB] date NOT NULL,
    [MSex] char (1) NOT NULL CHECK (MSex IN ('M','F')) DEFAULT 'M',
    [MemberID] int NULL,
    [MTUpdate] Date Null DEFAULT Getdate(),
    PRIMARY KEY ([MTid]),
    FOREIGN KEY (MemberID) REFERENCES [MemberDetails] ([MemberID]) 
            ON DELETE SET NULL 
            ON UPDATE CASCADE
);

CREATE TABLE [MembershipDetails] 
(
    [MDid] int identity (2000,1) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
    [MType] varchar(10) NOT NULL CHECK (MType IN ('Monthly','Quaterly','Yearly'))  DEFAULT 'Monthly',
    [JoinDate] Date NOT NULL DEFAULT GETDATE(),
    [ExpiryDate] Date NULL,
    [MsUpdate] Date DEFAULT GETDATE(),
    [MemberID] int NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY ([MDid]),
    FOREIGN KEY (MemberID) REFERENCES [MemberDetails] ([MemberID]) 
            ON DELETE SET NULL
            ON UPDATE CASCADE  
);

CREATE TABLE [MemberDetails] 
(
    [MemberID] int identity (1000,1) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
    [MName] varchar(100) NOT NULL,
    [MSurname] varchar(100) NOT NULL,
    [MPhone] varchar(20) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
    [MEmail] varchar(200) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
    [MAddress] varchar(250) NOT NULL,
    [MActive] char (1) NOT NULL CHECK (MActive IN ('Y','N')) DEFAULT 'Y',
    [MUpdateDate] Date NOT NULL DEFAULT GETDATE(),
    [MPhoto] Image NOT NULL
    PRIMARY KEY ([MemberID])
);

CREATE PROC spInsertMarketingTarget_test1
    @MDOB date,
    @MSex char (1),
    @MemberID int,
    @MTUpdate Date
AS
    BEGIN TRY
        IF (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM MarketingTarget mt 
            WHERE MemberID = @MemberID) > 0
            RAISERROR ('Fatal error. Member already exist.', 16, 1)

        BEGIN TRANSACTION
            INSERT INTO MarketingTarget
                SELECT
                    @MDOB, @MSex, @MemberID, @MTUpdate
            COMMIT TRANSACTION
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
    SELECT
        ERROR_NUMBER() AS ErrorNumber,
        ERROR_STATE() AS ErrorState,
        ERROR_SEVERITY() AS ErrorSeverity,
        ERROR_PROCEDURE() AS ErrorProcedure,
        ERROR_LINE() AS ErrorLine,
        ERROR_MESSAGE() AS ErrorMessage;

    -- Transaction uncommittable
    IF (XACT_STATE()) = -1
        ROLLBACK TRANSACTION

    -- Transaction committable
    IF (XACT_STATE()) = 1
        COMMIT TRANSACTION
END CATCH;
GO

CREATE PROCEDURE spInsertMemberDetails
    @MemberID int = 0,
    @MName varchar(100),
    @MSurname varchar(100),
    @MPhone varchar(20),
    @MEmail varchar(200),
    @MAddress varchar(250),
    @MActive char (1),
    @MUpdateDate Date,
    @MPhoto image
AS
BEGIN
    SET NOCOUNT ON;

    INSERT INTO [MemberDetails] (MName, MSurname, MPhone, MEmail, MAddress, MActive, MUpdateDate, MPhoto)
    VALUES (@MName, @MSurname, @MPhone, @MEmail, @MAddress, @MActive, @MUpdateDate, @MPhoto)

    SET @MemberID = SCOPE_IDENTITY()
END
GO

Answer 1

基本上，您有两个选择：

您可以编写一个存储过程，获取将值插入三个 table 所需的所有参数。然后在该存储过程中，插入第一个 table，获取标识值，然后使用该标识值插入第二个和第三个 table。

CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.InsertAllData
    (--list all the parameters needed for all three inserts--)
AS
BEGIN
    INSERT INTO [MemberDetails] (MName, MSurname, MPhone, MEmail, MAddress, MActive, MUpdateDate, MPhoto)
    VALUES (@MName, @MSurname, @MPhone, @MEmail, @MAddress, @MActive, @MUpdateDate, @MPhoto)

    SELECT @MemberID = SCOPE_IDENTITY()

    INSERT INTO dbo.MarketingTarget (MemberID, -- other columns --)
    VALUES (@MemberID, -- other values);

    INSERT INTO dbo.MembershipDetails (MemberID, -- other columns --)
    VALUES (@MemberID, -- other values);
END;

您可以拥有三个独立的存储过程，第一个将新创建的标识值插入 "master" table 和 returns 返回调用代码。从那里，使用返回的值，您可以调用第二个和第三个存储过程以插入第二个和第三个 table。确保将这三个调用包装到客户端事务中，以确保正确插入数据。

使用 Scope_Identity() 在 SQL 服务器中添加 2 个外键

Using Scope_Identity() to add 2 foreign keys in SQL Server

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primary-key