我写了 x86-64 程序集。但它在 Windows 下不起作用，仅在 OnlineGDB (Linux) 下起作用

Question

我用汇编语言编写了一个 x86-64 代码。输出为 17.

    .text
.LC0:
    .string "%d\n"
printint:
    pushq   %rbp
    movq    %rsp, %rbp
    subq    , %rsp
    movl    %edi, -4(%rbp)
    movl    -4(%rbp), %eax
    movl    %eax, %esi
    leaq    .LC0(%rip), %rdi
    movl    [=12=], %eax
    call    printf@PLT
    nop
    leave
    ret

    .globl  main
    .type   main, @function
main:
    pushq   %rbp
    movq    %rsp, %rbp
    movq    , %r8
    movq    , %r9
    movq    , %r10
    imulq   %r9, %r10
    addq    %r8, %r10
    movq    , %r8
    movq    , %r9
    movq    %r8,%rax
    cqo
    idivq   %r9
    movq    %rax,%r8
    subq    %r10, %r8
    movq    %r10, %rdi
    call    printint
    movl    [=12=], %eax
    popq    %rbp
    ret

当我用 GCC 编译这个时，我得到了这个错误。

out.s: Assembler messages:
out.s:5: Error: bad register name `%rbp'
out.s:6: Error: bad register name `%rsp'
out.s:7: Error: bad register name `%rsp'
out.s:8: Error: bad register name `%rbp)'
out.s:9: Error: bad register name `%rbp)'
out.s:11: Error: bad register name `%rip)'
out.s:19: Warning: .type pseudo-op used outside of .def/.endef: ignored.
out.s:19: Error: junk at end of line, first unrecognized character is `m'
out.s:21: Error: bad register name `%rbp'
out.s:22: Error: bad register name `%rsp'
out.s:23: Error: bad register name `%r8'
out.s:24: Error: bad register name `%r9'
out.s:25: Error: bad register name `%r10'
out.s:26: Error: bad register name `%r9'
out.s:27: Error: bad register name `%r8'
out.s:28: Error: bad register name `%r8'
out.s:29: Error: bad register name `%r9'
out.s:30: Error: bad register name `%r8'
out.s:31: Error: `cqo' is only supported in 64-bit mode
out.s:32: Error: bad register name `%r9'
out.s:33: Error: bad register name `%rax'
out.s:34: Error: bad register name `%r10'
out.s:35: Error: bad register name `%r10'
out.s:38: Error: bad register name `%rbp'

类似地，当我在 NASM 中执行此操作时，出现以下错误。

out.s:1: warning: label alone on a line without a colon might be in error [-w+orphan-labels]
out.s:3: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:5: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:6: error: expression syntax error
out.s:7: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:8: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:9: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:10: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:11: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:12: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:18: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:19: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:21: error: label `pushq' inconsistently redefined
out.s:5: note: label `pushq' originally defined here
out.s:21: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:22: error: expression syntax error
out.s:23: error: expression syntax error
out.s:24: error: expression syntax error
out.s:25: error: expression syntax error
out.s:26: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:27: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:28: error: expression syntax error
out.s:29: error: expression syntax error
out.s:30: error: expression syntax error
out.s:32: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:33: error: expression syntax error
out.s:34: error: label `subq' inconsistently redefined
out.s:7: note: label `subq' originally defined here
out.s:34: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:35: error: expression syntax error
out.s:37: error: label `movl' inconsistently redefined
out.s:8: note: label `movl' originally defined here
out.s:37: error: parser: instruction expected
out.s:38: error: parser: instruction expected

但是当我去 https://www.onlinegdb.com/online_gcc_assembler 编译它时，我得到了正确答案 (17)。

我还在学习汇编语言。我搜索了答案，但找不到。你能解释一下这是什么原因吗？

关于我的笔记本电脑的详细信息

AMD RYZEN 5 Processor ( x64 Based )

64bit Windows 10

Answer 1

out.s:31: Error: 'cqo' is only supported in 64-bit mode 告诉您您尝试在 32 位模式下 assemble 这段 64 位代码。也许您尝试在 Windows 下使用 mingw32 而不是 64 位 mingw？

此代码适用于 x86-64 GNU/Linux：请注意在 RDI、RSI 中传递参数的调用约定以及 @plt 的使用。 DLL 不使用 PLT，那是 GNU/Linux 的事情（传统的动态链接，而不是新的样式 gcc -fno-plt，早期绑定而不是惰性绑定）。这就是它在使用 x86-64 GNU/Linux.

的 OnlineGDB 中工作的原因

它不能在 64 位 Windows 下工作，除了在 WSL 中。甚至 Cygwin 64 也是源代码兼容层，而不是二进制/ABI/调用约定。

另外，它是用 AT&T 语法和 GAS 指令编写的。 NASM 使用带有不同指令的 Intel 语法；难怪当您尝试使用 nasm -fwin64.

assemble 时，几乎每一行都是错误的

我写了 x86-64 程序集。但它在 Windows 下不起作用，仅在 OnlineGDB (Linux) 下起作用

I wrote x86-64 Assembly. But it's not working under Windows, only on OnlineGDB (Linux)

assembly

gcc

compilation

x86-64

nasm