在 gnuplot 组多图上设置标签

Question

我正在使用 gnuplot 用 4 个不同的图形绘制一张图片。它们的 x 轴和 y 轴的标签具有相同的含义。如果我这样画：

set multiplot layout 2,2 rowsfirst

set xlabel "x"
set ylabel "y"


set title offset -3,-3

set xrange [20:70]
set yrange [0:15000]
set title "Plot 1" 
plot 'data5.list' u 2:1 w lp pt 7 lt 7 lc rgb 'red' notitle
set xrange [20:70]
set yrange [0:15000]
set title "Plot 2" 
plot 'data5.list' u 2:1 w lp pt 7 lt 7 lc rgb 'red' notitle
set xrange [20:70]
set yrange [0:15000]
set title "Plot 3" 
plot 'data5.list' u 2:1 w lp pt 7 lt 7 lc rgb 'red' notitle
set xrange [20:70]
set yrange [0:15000]
set title "Plot 4" 
plot 'data5.list' u 2:1 w lp pt 7 lt 7 lc rgb 'red' notitle


unset multiplot

我有所有四个图表及其标签，但我想为所有四个图表都添加一个标签，如此 example .

我尝试为其他 3 个图使用未设置的标签，但我只在第一个图上获得标签，而另一个根本没有标签。

Answer 1

您可能希望使用 set label，而不是使用 xlabel 和 ylabel。例如，

#!/usr/local/bin/gnuplot

datafile='tmp.dat'          # file to plot

set xlabel " "              # no x-label
set ylabel " "              # no y-label

# assuming all plots have same x and y range
set xrange [-2:2]           
set yrange [-4:4]

# same setting for all graph titles
set title offset -3,-3

# puts x-label and y-label manually
set label 1 'x axis' at screen 0.49,0.02
set label 2 'y axis' at screen 0.01,0.5 rotate by 90

# now the graphs: notice that rowsfirst is given by default
set multiplot layout 2,2
  do for [i=1:4]{
    set title 'plot '.i
    plot datafile u 2:1 w lp pt 7 lt 7 lc rgb 'red' notitle
    unset label 1
    unset label 2
  }
unset multiplot

reset

如果所有的绘图都可以通过相同的行语法来完成，那么我建议使用 do-loop（如上例所示）而不是每次都复制它。

请注意，每次绘制图表时，gnuplot 都会放置标签 1 和 2。这就是为什么我将 unset label 1 和 unset label 2 放在 do 循环中的原因，这样标签就放在第一次迭代中。

如果你想要类似于你提供的例子的东西，那么我推荐使用这个脚本（通过评论解释）：

#!/usr/local/bin/gnuplot

datafile='tmp.dat'          # file to plot

# parameters to configure margins of each graph
x0=0.1                      # left margin all graphs
y0=0.99                     # top margin all graphs
lengthx=0.4                 # horizonal length of each graph
lengthy=0.4                 # vertical length of each graph
spacex=0.04                 # horizontal space between each graph
spacey=0.04                 # vertical space between each graph

# This is a macro: configure the top, right, left, and bottom margins of each graph.
# It will depend on the value of i and j.
set macro
i=0; j=0;
SETMARGINS = "set tmargin at screen (y0-i*(lengthy+spacey));\
              set bmargin at screen (y0-i*(lengthy+spacey)-lengthy);\
              set lmargin at screen (x0+j*(lengthx+spacex));\
              set rmargin at screen (x0+j*(lengthx+spacex)+lengthx)"

# Assuming all plots have the same x and y range. If not, set it in each plot below
set xrange [-1.5:1.5]
set yrange [-4:4]

# general setting for plot titles
set title offset -3,-3

# don't worry about the axis labels for now
unset xlabel
unset ylabel

#############################################################
set multiplot

  ##### top-left 
  i=0; j=0;
  @SETMARGINS                       # calling the macro for (i,j)=(0,0)
  set format x ''                   # no numbers in x-axis
  set format y '%.1f'               # but with numbers in y-axis

  set title 'plot 1'
  plot datafile u 2:1 w lp pt 7 lt 7 lc rgb 'red' notitle

  ##### top-right
  i=0; j=1;
  @SETMARGINS                       # calling the macro for (i,j)=(0,1)
  set format y ''                   # no numbers in x nor y-axis

  set title 'plot 2'
  plot datafile u 2:1 w lp pt 7 lt 7 lc rgb 'red' notitle

  ##### bottom-left
  i=1; j=0;
  @SETMARGINS                       # calling the macro for (i,j)=(1,0)
  set format xy '%.1f'              # numbers in both axes

  set title 'plot 3'
  plot datafile u 2:1 w lp pt 7 lt 7 lc rgb 'red' notitle

  ##### bottom-left 
  i=1; j=1;
  @SETMARGINS                       # calling the macro for (i,j)=(1,1)
  set format y ''                   # no numbers in y-axis

  # now we set the x and y labels for the 4th plot, and move them to the desired position
  set xlabel 'xlabel' offset screen -0.5*(spacex+lengthx),0.0
  set ylabel 'ylabel' offset screen -lengthx-1.5*spacex,0.5*(spacey+lengthy)
  set title 'plot 4'
  plot datafile u 2:1 w lp pt 7 lt 7 lc rgb 'red' notitle

unset multiplot

reset

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在 gnuplot 组多图上设置标签

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