如何在 GCC 中使用 c++20 模块?

How to use c++20 modules with GCC?

我目前正在使用 GCC 10.1.0 尝试名为 modules 的新 C++20 功能 here,但是如果我尝试构建以下内容代码片段编译器抛出一堆错误。

这是我到目前为止写的片段:

// helloworld.cpp
export module helloworld;  // module declaration
import <iostream>;         // import declaration
 
export void hello() {      // export declaration
    std::cout << "Hello world!\n";
}
// main.cpp
import helloworld;  // import declaration
 
int main() {
    hello();
}

我正在使用 g++ helloworld.cpp main.cpp -std=c++20 编译它。

编译器给我这个错误:

helloworld.cpp:2:1: warning: keyword ‘export’ not implemented, and will be ignored
    2 | export module helloworld;  // module declaration
      | ^~~~~~
helloworld.cpp:2:8: error: ‘module’ does not name a type
    2 | export module helloworld;  // module declaration
      |        ^~~~~~
helloworld.cpp:3:9: error: ‘iostream’ was not declared in this scope
    3 | import <iostream>;         // import declaration
      |         ^~~~~~~~
helloworld.cpp:3:9: error: ‘iostream’ was not declared in this scope
helloworld.cpp:3:9: error: ‘iostream’ was not declared in this scope
helloworld.cpp:3:9: error: ‘iostream’ was not declared in this scope
helloworld.cpp:3:9: error: ‘iostream’ was not declared in this scope
helloworld.cpp:3:9: error: ‘iostream’ was not declared in this scope
helloworld.cpp:3:9: error: ‘iostream’ was not declared in this scope
helloworld.cpp:3:9: error: ‘iostream’ was not declared in this scope
helloworld.cpp:3:9: error: ‘iostream’ was not declared in this scope
helloworld.cpp:3:1: error: ‘import’ does not name a type
    3 | import <iostream>;         // import declaration
      | ^~~~~~
helloworld.cpp:5:1: warning: keyword ‘export’ not implemented, and will be ignored
    5 | export void hello() {      // export declaration
      | ^~~~~~
helloworld.cpp: In function ‘void hello()’:
helloworld.cpp:6:10: error: ‘cout’ is not a member of ‘std’
    6 |     std::cout << "Hello world!\n";
      |          ^~~~
helloworld.cpp:1:1: note: ‘std::cout’ is defined in header ‘<iostream>’; did you forget to ‘#include <iostream>’?
  +++ |+#include <iostream>
    1 | // helloworld.cpp
main.cpp:2:1: error: ‘import’ does not name a type
    2 | import helloworld;  // import declaration
      | ^~~~~~
main.cpp: In function ‘int main()’:
main.cpp:5:5: error: ‘hello’ was not declared in this scope
    5 |     hello();
      |     ^~~~~

我做错了什么?

GCC's language status page 说它还不支持模块。

C++20 支持不完整(考虑到我们 2020 年,这很公平!而且 C++20 在技术上还不存在……)。

但是,通过一些标志和一个开发分支,您可以尝试进行中的实现 — 在 GCC's Modules Wiki 上阅读更多相关信息。

GCC 10的默认语言版本是C++14; GCC 11 将其升级为 C++17。

我在 23.1.21 看到了 GNU gcc 网站,它说你必须包含一个名为 -fmodules-ts 的标志。这是网站的 link 以获取更多信息 https://gcc.gnu.org/wiki/cxx-modules