UnexpectedTagNameException：消息：Select 仅适用于 <select> 元素，不适用于 <ul> 使用 Selenium 和 Python 选择下拉选项时出错

Question

objective select 四个子菜单之一（即 Subject area, Title, Publisher, ISSN），如下图所示，来自 Scopus 网站，可通过 link: https://www.scopus.com/sources?zone=TopNavBar&origin=NO%20ORIGIN%20DEFINED

class 姓名 ui-menu ui-corner-bottom ui-widget ui-widget-content 的 search result comb drop menu 的 html 片段是

<ul aria-hidden="false" aria-labelledby="srcResultComboDrp-button" id="srcResultComboDrp-menu" role="listbox" tabindex="0" class="ui-menu ui-corner-bottom ui-widget ui-widget-content" aria-activedescendant="ui-id-1" aria-disabled="false" style="width: 251px;">
  <li class="ui-menu-item">
    <div id="ui-id-1" tabindex="-1" role="option" class="ui-menu-item-wrapper ui-state-active">Subject area</div>
  </li>
  <li class="ui-menu-item">
    <div id="ui-id-2" tabindex="-1" role="option" class="ui-menu-item-wrapper">Title</div>
  </li>
  <li class="ui-menu-item">
    <div id="ui-id-3" tabindex="-1" role="option" class="ui-menu-item-wrapper">Publisher</div>
  </li>
  <li class="ui-menu-item">
    <div id="ui-id-4" tabindex="-1" role="option" class="ui-menu-item-wrapper">ISSN</div>
  </li>
</ul>

假设我们对 select 子菜单 Title 感兴趣，那么 objective 可以按照 OP1 的建议通过以下几行实现；

from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome(r"C:Browsers\chromedriver.exe")
url = 'https://www.scopus.com/sources?zone=TopNavBar&origin=NO%20ORIGIN%20DEFINED'
driver.get(url)
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="ui-id-2"]').click()

但是编译return出现如下错误；

Unable to locate element: {"method":"xpath","selector":"//*[@id="ui-id-2"]"}

同样，使用 OP2

建议的以下行

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select

driver = webdriver.Chrome(r"C:Browsers\chromedriver.exe")
url = 'https://www.scopus.com/sources?zone=TopNavBar&origin=NO%20ORIGIN%20DEFINED'
driver.get(url)
my_select = Select(driver.find_element_by_id('srcResultComboDrp-menu'))
my_select.select_by_visible_text('Title')

Return 出现以下错误：

selenium.common.exceptions.UnexpectedTagNameException: Message: Select only works on <select> elements, not on <ul>

请问我哪里做错了吗？感谢您的帮助

Answer 1

到 select 主题区、标题、出版商[中的四个子菜单之一=42=] 和 ISSN 因为项目在他们的 parent <li> 标签的 child <div> 标签内，你必须归纳WebDriverWait for the element_to_be_clickable() and you can use the following Locator Strategies:

选择标题使用 XPATH:

driver.get("https://www.scopus.com/sources?zone=TopNavBar&origin=NO%20ORIGIN%20DEFINED") WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//span[@class='ui-selectmenu-text' and text()='Subject area']"))).click() WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//ul[@id='srcResultComboDrp-menu']//li[@class='ui-menu-item']/div[text()='Title']"))).click()

注意：您必须添加以下导入：

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

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参考