Python tkinter - 如何使用字典制作两个链接的组合框

Question

目的：两个链接的组合框，一个显示字典键。另一个显示所选键的值。

我已经用字典键的值填充了第一个组合框，并将其转换为列表，以便在组合框中很好地显示。已设置默认值，用于收集第二个组合框所需的数据。这里一切正常，我卡住的地方是如何更新当第一个组合框当前值更改时第二个组合框的值。

到目前为止的代码

from tkinter import Tk, StringVar, ttk

dict_values = {
    "Beer": ["Ale", "Lager", "Stout"],
    "Spirits": ["Brandy", "Gin", "Rum"],
    "Wine": ["White","Red","Rose"]
}

#convert keys to list for displaying in the first combobox
box1= []
for key in dict_values:
    box1.append(key)

from tkinter import Tk, StringVar, ttk

class Application:

    def __init__(self, parent):
        self.parent = parent
        self.combo()
        
    def combo(self):
        #First Combobox
        self.box_value = StringVar()
        self.box = ttk.Combobox(self.parent, textvariable=self.box_value, 
                                state='readonly')
        self.box['values'] = box1
        self.box.current(0)
        self.box.grid(column=0, row=0)
        
        #Second Combobox
        self.box_value2 = StringVar()
        self.box2 = ttk.Combobox(self.parent, textvariable=self.box_value2, 
                                state='readonly')
        self.box2['values'] = dict_values[self.box.get()]
      
        self.box2.grid(column=1, row=0)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    root.minsize(800, 600) 
    app = Application(root)
    root.mainloop()

Answer 1

代码缺少将 <<ComboboxSelected>> 事件绑定到将在 self.box

中进行选择时执行的回调

所以添加

self.box.bind("<<ComboboxSelected>>",self.selected) 注意 self.selected 是你必须实现的新方法，这里是一个例子

    def selected(self,e):
        #print('selected value ->',self.box.get(),self.box_value.get())
        self.box2.configure(values = dict_values[self.box_value.get()] )
        self.box2.current(0)

完整代码

#<<ComboboxSelected>>
from tkinter import Tk, StringVar, ttk

dict_values = {
    "Beer": ["Ale", "Lager", "Stout"],
    "Spirits": ["Brandy", "Gin", "Rum"],
    "Wine": ["White","Red","Rose"]
}

#convert keys to list for displaying in the first combobox
box1= []
for key in dict_values:
    box1.append(key)

from tkinter import Tk, StringVar, ttk

class Application:

    def __init__(self, parent):
        self.parent = parent
        self.combo()

    # Modification 2
    def selected(self,e):
        #print('selected value ->',self.box.get(),self.box_value.get())
        self.box2.configure(values = dict_values[self.box_value.get()] )
        self.box2.current(0)


    def combo(self):
        #First Combobox
        self.box_value = StringVar()
        self.box = ttk.Combobox(self.parent, textvariable=self.box_value,
                                state='readonly')
        # Modification 1
        self.box.bind("<<ComboboxSelected>>",self.selected)
        self.box['values'] = box1
        self.box.current(0)
        self.box.grid(column=0, row=0)

        #Second Combobox
        self.box_value2 = StringVar()
        self.box2 = ttk.Combobox(self.parent, textvariable=self.box_value2,
                                state='readonly')
        self.box2['values'] = dict_values[self.box.get()]

        self.box2.grid(column=1, row=0)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    root.minsize(800, 600)
    app = Application(root)
    root.mainloop()

Answer 2

您可以使用 validate 和 validatecommand 来完成此操作。无需向组合框添加 bind。如果 validate 设置为 "all" 或 "focus"。

，则每次单击组合框时 validatecommand 都会运行

A StringVar 是不必要的开销，您的文档结构有点奇怪。下面的示例解决了这些问题并为您的问题提供了解决方案。

from tkinter import Tk
from tkinter.ttk import Combobox

class Application(Tk):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        Tk.__init__(self,  *args, **kwargs)
        
        self.options = {
            "Beer": ["Ale", "Lager", "Stout"],
            "Spirits": ["Brandy", "Gin", "Rum"],
            "Wine": ["White","Red","Rose"]
        }
        
        #delegate between init and config so the Combobox kwargs are not a mile long
        self.cb1 = Combobox(self, state="readonly", values=[*self.options])
        self.cb1.config(validate="focus", validatecommand=self.populate_slave)
        
        self.cb1.current(0)
        self.cb1.grid(column=0, row=0)
        
        self.cb2 = Combobox(self, state="readonly")
        self.cb2.grid(column=1, row=0)

        #manually run the validatecommand function once to init cb2 items
        #this way it will always be correct regardless of the item you start cb1 with
        self.populate_slave() 
        
    def populate_slave(self):
        self.cb2['values'] = self.options[self.cb1.get()]
        self.cb2.current(0)
        return True #must return True or validatecommand will quit
        

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = Application()
    app.minsize(800, 600)
    app.title('My Application')
    app.mainloop()

Python tkinter - 如何使用字典制作两个链接的组合框

Python tkinter - How to make two linked combo boxes using a dictionary

python

combobox

tkinter