为什么我使用 Next.js (React) 构建的 Shopify 应用加载速度如此之慢？

Question

我遵循了这个教程：https://shopify.dev/tutorials/build-a-shopify-app-with-node-and-react

从一开始，我的应用程序加载速度非常慢，包括更改选项卡时，包括通过 ngrok 加载和运行在本地主机上或部署在应用程序引擎上时。

可能是什么原因造成的？

P.S.: 我是 React、Next.js 和 Shopify App 开发的新手，所以答案可能很基础。

P.P.S.: 基于红色，构建输出似乎表明“所有人共享的首次加载 JS”太大。我不知道如何对此进行调查并减小所述块的大小，尽管仅仅 214KB 无法解释如此缓慢的加载时间，可以吗？

建造

React 开发工具分析器

@next/bundle-analyzer 输出：

已解析

压缩

package.json

 {
      "name": "ShopifyApp1",
      "version": "1.0.0",
      "description": "",
      "main": "index.js",
      "scripts": {
        "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1",
        "dev": "node server.js NODE_ENV=dev",
        "build": "next build",
        "deploy": "next build && gcloud app deploy --version=deploy",
        "start": "NODE_ENV=production node server.js",
        "analyze": "cross-env ANALYZE=true npm run build"
      },
      "keywords": [],
      "author": "",
      "license": "ISC",
      "dependencies": {
        "@google-cloud/storage": "^5.2.0",
        "@next/bundle-analyzer": "^9.5.2",
        "@sendgrid/mail": "^7.2.3",
        "@shopify/app-bridge-react": "^1.26.2",
        "@shopify/koa-shopify-auth": "^3.1.65",
        "@shopify/koa-shopify-graphql-proxy": "^4.0.1",
        "@shopify/koa-shopify-webhooks": "^2.4.3",
        "@shopify/polaris": "^5.1.0",
        "@zeit/next-css": "^1.0.1",
        "apollo-boost": "^0.4.9",
        "cors": "^2.8.5",
        "cross-env": "^7.0.2",
        "dotenv": "^8.2.0",
        "email-validator": "^2.0.4",
        "extract-domain": "^2.2.1",
        "firebase-admin": "^9.0.0",
        "graphql": "^15.3.0",
        "helmet": "^4.0.0",
        "isomorphic-fetch": "^2.2.1",
        "js-cookie": "^2.2.1",
        "koa": "^2.13.0",
        "koa-body": "^4.2.0",
        "koa-bodyparser": "^4.3.0",
        "koa-helmet": "^5.2.0",
        "koa-router": "^9.1.0",
        "koa-session": "^6.0.0",
        "next": "^9.5.1",
        "react": "^16.13.1",
        "react-apollo": "^3.1.5",
        "react-dom": "^16.13.1",
        "react-infinite-scroll-component": "^5.0.5",
        "sanitize-html": "^1.27.2",
        "scheduler": "^0.19.1",
        "store-js": "^2.0.4",
        "tldts": "^5.6.46"
      },
      "devDependencies": {
        "webpack-bundle-analyzer": "^3.8.0",
        "webpack-bundle-size-analyzer": "^3.1.0"
      },
      "browser": {
        "@google-cloud/storage": false,
        "@sendgrid/mail": false,
        "@shopify/koa-shopify-auth": false,
        "@shopify/koa-shopify-graphql-proxy": false,
        "@shopify/koa-shopify-webhooks": false,
        "cors": false,
        "email-validator": false,
        "extract-domain": false,
        "firebase-admin": false,
        "graphql": false,
        "helmet": false,
        "isomorphic-fetch": false,
        "koa": false,
        "koa-body": false,
        "koa-bodyparser": false,
        "koa-helmet": false,
        "koa-router": false,
        "koa-session": false,
        "sanitize-html": false,
        "tldts": false
      }
    }

Chrome 开发工具网络选项卡

编辑：

npm run dev

由于某些原因，“webpack-hmr”行加载时间不断增加。

npm run build && npm run start

next.config.js

require("dotenv").config({path:"live.env"});
const withCSS = require('@zeit/next-css');
const webpack = require('webpack');
const BundleAnalyzerPlugin = require('webpack-bundle-analyzer').BundleAnalyzerPlugin;
const withBundleAnalyzer = require('@next/bundle-analyzer')({enabled: process.env.ANALYZE === 'true'})
const apiKey =  JSON.stringify(process.env.SHOPIFY_API_KEY);
module.exports =  withBundleAnalyzer(
  withCSS({
    distDir: 'build',
    webpack: (config) => {
      const env = { API_KEY: apiKey };
      config.plugins.push(new webpack.DefinePlugin(env));
      config.plugins.push(new webpack.DefinePlugin(new BundleAnalyzerPlugin()));
      config.resolve = {
        alias: {
          'react-dom$': 'react-dom/profiling',
          'scheduler/tracing': 'scheduler/tracing-profiling'
        },
        ...config.resolve
      };
      return config;
    }
  })
);

_app.js

import App from 'next/app';
import Head from 'next/head';
import { AppProvider } from '@shopify/polaris';
import { Provider } from '@shopify/app-bridge-react';
import '@shopify/polaris/dist/styles.css'
import translations from '@shopify/polaris/locales/en.json';
import Cookies from 'js-cookie';
import ApolloClient from 'apollo-boost';
import { ApolloProvider } from 'react-apollo';

const client = new ApolloClient({
  fetchOptions: {
    credentials: 'include'
  },
});

class MyApp extends App {
  render() {
    const { Component, pageProps } = this.props;
    const config = { apiKey: API_KEY, shopOrigin: Cookies.get("shopOrigin"), forceRedirect: true };
    return (
      <React.Fragment>
        <Head>
          <title>...</title>
          <meta charSet="utf-8" />
        </Head>
        <Provider config={config}>
          <AppProvider i18n={translations}>
            <ApolloProvider client={client}>
              <Component {...pageProps} />
            </ApolloProvider>
          </AppProvider>
        </Provider>
      </React.Fragment>
    );
  }
}

export default MyApp;

Index.js（客户端）

import {
  Button,
  Card,
  Form,
  FormLayout,
  Layout,
  Page,
  Stack,
  TextField,
  DisplayText,
  Toast,
  Frame
} from '@shopify/polaris';

class Index extends React.Component  {

  state = {
    emails: '',
    domain: '' ,
    alias: '',
    err: '',
    message: '',
    active: false,
    loadingDomainResponse: false,
    loadingEmailResponse: false
  };

  componentDidMount() {
    fetch(`/state`, {
      method: 'GET'
    }).then(response => response.json())
    .then(result => {
      if (result.err) {
        this.setState({
          err: result.err,
          message: result.err,
          active: true
        })
      }
      else {
        this.setState({
          emails: result.emails,
          domain: result.domain,
          alias: result.alias
        })
      }
    });
  };

  

  render() {

    const { emails, domain, alias, err, message, active, loadingEmailResponse, loadingDomainResponse} = this.state;
    

    const toastMarkup = active ? (
      <Toast content={message} error={err} onDismiss={this.handleToast}/> 
    ) : null;


    return (
      <Frame>
         <Page>
          {toastMarkup}
          <Layout>
            <Layout.AnnotatedSection
              title="..."
              description="..."
            >
              <Card sectioned>
                <Form onSubmit={this.handleSubmitEmails}>
                  <FormLayout>
                    <TextField
                      value={emails}
                      onChange={this.handleChange('emails')}
                      label="..."
                      type="emails"
                      maxlength="200"
                    />
                    <Stack distribution="trailing">
                      <Button primary submit loading={loadingEmailResponse}>
                        Save
                      </Button>
                    </Stack>
                  </FormLayout>
                </Form>
              </Card>
            </Layout.AnnotatedSection>
            <Layout.AnnotatedSection
              title="..."
              description="..."
            >
              <Card sectioned>
                <DisplayText size="small"> {domain} </DisplayText>
                <br/>
                <Form onSubmit={this.handleSubmitDomain}>
                  <FormLayout>
                    <TextField
                      value={alias}
                      onChange={this.handleChange('alias')}
                      label="..."
                      type="text"
                      maxlength="50"
                    />
                    <Stack distribution="trailing">
                      <Button primary submit loading={loadingDomainResponse}>
                        Save
                      </Button>
                    </Stack>
                  </FormLayout>
                </Form>
              </Card>
            </Layout.AnnotatedSection>
          </Layout> 
       </Page>
      </Frame>
    );
  }

  handleToast = () => {
    this.setState({
      err: false,
      message: false,
      active: false
    })
  };
  
  handleSubmitEmails = () => {
    this.setState({loadingEmailResponse:true});
    fetch(`/emails`, {
      method: 'POST',
      headers: {
        'Content-Type': 'application/json'
      },
      body: JSON.stringify({
        emails: this.state.emails
      })
    }).then(response => response.json())
    .then(result => {
      console.log("JSON: "+JSON.stringify(result));
      if (result.err) {
        this.setState({
          err: result.err,
          message: result.err,
          active: true
        })
      }
      else {
        this.setState({message: "...", active: true});
      }
      this.setState({loadingEmailResponse:false});
    });
  };

  handleSubmitDomain = () => {
    this.setState({loadingDomainResponse:true});
    fetch(`/domain`, {
      method: 'POST',
      headers: {
        'Content-Type': 'application/json'
      },
      body: 
        JSON.stringify({
          alias: this.state.alias
        })
      }).then(response => response.json())
      .then(result => {
        console.log("JSON: "+JSON.stringify(result));
        if (result.err) {
          this.setState({
            err: result.err,
            message: result.err,
            active: true
          })
        }
        else {
          this.setState({message: "...", active: true});
        }
        this.setState({loadingDomainResponse:false});
      });
  };

  


  handleChange = (field) => {
    return (value) => this.setState({ [field]: value });
  };
}

export default Index;

server.js

const dev = process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production';
const app = next({ dev });
app.prepare().then(() => {
    const server = new Koa();
    const router = new Router();
    server.use(bodyParser());
    server.use(session({ secure: true, sameSite: 'none' }, server));
    server.keys = [SHOPIFY_API_SECRET_KEY];
    router.get('/state',  async (ctx) => {
        let domain = ctx.session.shop;
        let alias;
        const snap = await global.db.collection("...").doc(ctx.session.shop).get();
            if (snap.data().alias) {
                alias = snap.data().alias;
            }
            let emails = snap.data().emails;
            let emailString = "";
            if (!emails) {
                ctx.response.body = {err: "..."};
            }
            else if(emails.length < 4) {
                for (email of emails) {
                    emailString += (","+email);
                }
                theEmailString = emailString.substring(1);
                let response = {
                    domain: domain,
                    alias: alias,
                    emails: theEmailString
                }
                ctx.response.body = response;
            } 
            else {
                ctx.response.body = {err: "..."};
            }
    });
});

编辑

我已经提供了初步答案，但如果可能，我正在寻找更好的答案。

此外，似乎可以使 Shopify 应用桥接导航链接使用 next.js 路由器而不是触发整页重新加载：

https://shopify.dev/tools/app-bridge/actions/navigation

如果有人足够详细地为 next.js 分享如何做到这一点，那会比我的回答更好。

Answer 1

根据您的开发工具瀑布，您对索引的初始加载仅花费了将近 2 秒的时间，而数据仅为 18.5KB。这速度慢得惊人，甚至在你的其他资源还没有达到之前。我的第一个想法是 network/server 滞后。您是在本地托管还是在某种网络服务器上托管？

我会尽可能地剥离它，甚至可能只是尝试加载一个只有 header 的简单 index.html 文件。如果加载需要几秒钟，那么您可能需要升级或迁移到更好的主机。如果您在本地托管，这可能只是您的互联网上传速度慢的问题。许多互联网计划下载速度快但上传速度慢，您并不总是能得到 ISP 的承诺。

Answer 2

尝试通过删除任何不必要的代码来优化您的代码。尝试使用更多的动态导入，这样您就可以快速加载初始 bioler 板，并在客户端稍后加载图表、图形、图片和视频等繁重的代码。从“next/dynamic”导入动态，这应该像 youtube 一样为客户提供快速的首次绘制视图。

https://nextjs.org/docs/advanced-features/dynamic-import

尝试使用 React Formik（针对小型应用程序的优化表单控制器）并尝试在 Class 组件上使用函数组件。使用 Next，您可以在 getStatiProps、getServerSideProps、getStaticPaths 中执行大部分数据库调用。对于定期缓存获取，使用 SWR 挂钩。

Answer 3

我在我的问题中分享了使用 npm 运行 dev 测量的加载时间，但这里也有一些关于生产模式下加载时间的信息。

运行 prod 模式下的应用（npm run build 和 npm run start）在删除嵌入到 Shopify 后台后 UI 显示该应用总共需要大约在 prod 模式下加载 2 秒，这看起来仍然很慢（Shopify UI 增加了大约 3 秒）。

点击 Shopify 应用新娘导航链接时会重新加载整页，而不是像 Next.js 链接那样更改页面。

用 Next 链接替换了 App Navigation 链接。

不过，第一次加载 1.86 秒还是很慢，我愿意寻求更好的解决方案。

为什么我使用 Next.js (React) 构建的 Shopify 应用加载速度如此之慢？

Why is my Shopify App built with Next.js (React) so slow to load?

javascript

node.js

shopify

reactjs

next.js

编辑