Tkinter 标签未在 类 之间更新（另一个）
Tkinter Label not updating across classes (another one)
目标： 跨 classes
显示变量
问题： 更新标签，特别是第 99 行
错误：仅逻辑
环境：
Python 3.6.9，Tk 8.6.8，OS Ubuntu 18.04
写起来：
我试图在包含代码的第 99 行的 pViewSettings class 中显示变量 pPanelSettings.cutLength，但是我无法将其显示到 update/refresh。在我的任何标签中包含 textvariable 都会使其显示为空白，即使我给了它们一个初始值。在包含的尝试中，我留下了一个无效的刷新命令（第 106 行）以及一个无效的跟踪尝试（第 107 行）。其他尝试包括：
update_idletasks,
创建一个额外的字符串变量，简单地重新格式化整数变量只是为了确认这不是问题，
在彼此内部引用 pViewSettings 和 pPanelSettings（导致循环），
以及我现在忘记的其他一些内容。
我最感兴趣的是找出我遗漏的“原因”，因为我将在未来再次重复这个过程。很抱歉用另一个新手标签问题填满论坛，但此时我自己不知所措。我相信这是一个我完全想念的简单修复。
理想情况下，我想了解 textvariable 哪里出了问题，因为这似乎最有可能是简单的解决方案，但与在线示例相比，我仍然看不出哪里错了.
我：
我原本不打算在明年初之前学习 GUI，但是我的这个项目的时间安排加快了，所以我不得不快速投入。
我浏览过的帖子：
Update Tkinter Label from variable
https://yagisanatode.com/2018/02/26/how-to-display-and-entry-in-a-label-tkinter-python-3/
还有很多，但我的书签都丢了。
代码：
import tkinter as tk
import time as time
import math as math
#create main window
root = tk.Tk()
root.title('machine')
#create main container
mainFrame = tk.Frame(root)
#layout main container, grow with window size
mainFrame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
#create globals
inchesInFeet = tk.IntVar()
answerReset = tk.IntVar()
#set globals
answerReset.set(0)
#create classes
class Page(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
def show(self):
self.lift()
class pPanelSettings(Page):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
Page.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
#create variables
self.cutFeet = tk.IntVar()
self.cutInches = tk.IntVar()
self.cutLength = tk.IntVar()
self.panelCutConfirm = tk.BooleanVar()
#set variables
self.cutFeet.set(0)
self.cutInches.set(0)
self.cutLength.set(0)
self.panelCutConfirm.set(0)
#widgets
self.pageTitle = tk.Label(self, text='PANEL SETTINGS')
self.panelBlock = tk.LabelFrame(self, padx=5, pady=5)
self.panelLabel = tk.Label(self.panelBlock, text='CURRENT PANEL SET LENGTH')
self.panelSetting = tk.Label(self.panelBlock, text=self.cutLength.get())
self.messageDisplay = tk.Label(self, text='Set cut length (feet):')
self.wYesNo = tk.LabelFrame(self, padx=5, pady=5)
self.bYes = tk.Button(self.wYesNo, text='ENTER', command=self.setCutFeet, height=4, activebackground='green1', background='green2')
self.response = tk.Entry(self, justify='center')
#layout
self.pageTitle.pack(side='top', fill='x')
self.panelBlock.pack(side='top', fill='x', pady=5)
self.panelLabel.pack(side='left', fill='x', padx=50)
self.panelSetting.pack(side='right', fill='x')
self.messageDisplay.pack(side='top', fill='x', pady=60)
self.wYesNo.pack(side='bottom', fill='x', padx=20, pady=20, expand=True)
self.bYes.pack(side='left', fill='both', padx=10, expand=True)
self.response.pack(side='bottom', fill='x', padx=20, pady=60)
#settings
self.response.focus_set()
def clearText(self):
self.response.delete(0, 'end')
def transition(self):
self.after(2000, self.pageReset)
def pageReset(self): #resets widgets to initial view
self.response.delete(0, 'end')
self.messageDisplay.config(text='Set cut length (feet):')
self.response.pack(side='bottom', fill='x', padx=20, pady=60)
self.wYesNo.pack(side='bottom', fill='x', padx=20, pady=20, expand=True)
self.bYes.config(command=self.setCutFeet)
self.panelSetting.pack(side='right', fill='x')
def setCutFeet(self):
self.cutFeet.set(int(self.response.get()))
self.setCutConfirm()
def setCutConfirm(self):
self.panelCutConfirm.set(True)
self.cutLength.set(self.cutFeet.get())
self.panelSetting.config(text=self.cutLength.get())
print(self.cutLength.get()) ##verification test point using shell
self.messageDisplay.config(text='Panel cut length set.')
self.wYesNo.pack_forget()
self.transition()
class pViewSettings(Page): ##this page needs auto update/refresh to display current settings from other pages
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
Page.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
#pages to objects
oPanelSettings = pPanelSettings(self)
#widgets
self.pageTitle = tk.Label(self, text='VIEW SETTINGS')
self.panelBlock = tk.LabelFrame(self, padx=5, pady=5)
self.panelLabel = tk.Label(self.panelBlock, text='PANEL LENGTH')
self.panelSetting = tk.Label(self.panelBlock, text=oPanelSettings.cutLength.get())
#layout
self.pageTitle.pack(side='top', fill='x')
self.panelBlock.pack(side='top', fill='x', pady=5)
self.panelLabel.pack(side='left', fill='x', padx=50)
self.panelSetting.pack(side='right', fill='x')
#actions
self.refreshSelf() ##i know that this doesn't work, but i do not understand why
oPanelSettings.cutLength.trace('r', self.refreshSelf) ##i really feel like this should work though
def refreshSelf(self):
#pages to objects
oPanelSettings = pPanelSettings(self)
#action
self.after(1000, self.refreshSelf)
self.panelSetting.config(text=oPanelSettings.cutLength.get())
class pMainView(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
#pages to objects
oPanelSettings = pPanelSettings(self)
oViewSettings = pViewSettings(self)
#create menu and view windows
buttonFrame = tk.Frame(self)
container = tk.Frame(self)
buttonFrame.pack(side='left', fill='both', expand=False) #menu column
container.pack(side='right', fill='both', expand=True) #main view window
#place page objects into main view window
oPanelSettings.place(in_=container, x=0, y=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)
oViewSettings.place(in_=container, x=0, y=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)
#create menu buttons
bPanelSettings = tk.Button(buttonFrame, text='Panel Settings', command=oPanelSettings.lift)
bViewSettings = tk.Button(buttonFrame, text='View Settings', command=oViewSettings.lift)
#menu layout
bPanelSettings.pack(side='top', fill='both', expand=True)
bViewSettings.pack(side='top', fill='both', expand=True)
#startup display page
oViewSettings.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
root = tk.Tk()
oMainView = pMainView(root)
oMainView.pack(side='top', fill='both', expand=True)
root.wm_geometry('1024x600')
root.mainloop()
非常感谢任何帮助。有人打电话给布莱恩奥克利来救我！ :) :)
编辑 #1：缩短代码以实现最小复制。
使用StringVar更新标签的正确方法如下：
这是一个最小的示例，您可以在其中单击 'Add' 按钮来增加值并在 'red' 和 'cyan' 之间更改标签颜色。
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
value = 0
labelVar = tk.StringVar()
labelVar.set(f"Current value: {value}")
def add_text():
global value
value += 1
labelVar.set(f"Current value: {value}")
if value % 2:
newcolor = 'red'
else:
newcolor = 'cyan'
label.config(bg=newcolor)
label = tk.Label(root, textvariable=labelVar, bg='cyan')
label.pack()
tk.Button(root, text='Add', command=add_text).pack()
root.mainloop()
对于可能在 未来 中找到它的任何人 - 我最终只使用了全局变量并添加了一个自循环刷新。附加的代码不是“最小复制”，因为我不想把它擦掉，但它就在那里。我有点理解最好从设置变量的地方提取变量，但我不明白全局变量与使用此处给出的共享数据示例有何不同（只需吸收 Bryan Oakley 的所有帖子）。
第 16/19 行 - 定义并初始设置全局变量
第 123 行 - 更新全局变量（class pPanelSettings）
第 148 行 - 初始显示（class pViewSettings）
第 155 行 - 开始刷新（class pViewSettings）
第 159 行 - 只是 L148 的副本
import tkinter as tk
import time as time
import math as math
#create main window
root = tk.Tk()
root.title('Fabric Marker')
#create main container
mainFrame = tk.Frame(root)
#layout main container, grow with window size
mainFrame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
#define variables
cutLength = tk.IntVar()
#set variables
cutLength.set(0)
#define constants
answerReset = tk.IntVar()
inchesInFeet = tk.IntVar()
inch = tk.IntVar()
#set constants
answerReset.set(0)
inchesInFeet.set(12)
inch.set(1)
#create classes
class Page(tk.Frame): ###I NEED NOTES TO UNDERSTAND THIS ONE ENTIRELY###
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
def show(self):
self.lift()
class pPanelSettings(Page):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
Page.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
#define variables
self.cutFeet = tk.IntVar()
self.cutInches = tk.IntVar()
self.setCutConfirm = tk.BooleanVar()
#set variables
self.cutFeet.set(0)
self.cutInches.set(0)
self.setCutConfirm.set(False)
#widgets
self.pageTitle = tk.Label(self, text='PANEL SETTINGS')
self.panelBlock = tk.LabelFrame(self, padx=5, pady=5)
self.panelLabel = tk.Label(self.panelBlock, text='CURRENT PANEL SET LENGTH')
self.panelSetting = tk.Label(self.panelBlock, text=(str(str(cutLength.get()) + '" / ' + str(self.cutFeet.get()) + '\' ' + str(self.cutInches.get()) + '"')))
self.messageDisplay = tk.Label(self, text='Set cut length (feet):')
self.outputDisplay = tk.Label(self)
self.wYesNo = tk.LabelFrame(self, padx=5, pady=5)
self.bYes = tk.Button(self.wYesNo, text='ENTER', command=self.setCutFeet, height=4, activebackground='green1', background='green2')
self.bNo = tk.Button(self.wYesNo, text='CLEAR', command=self.clearText, height=4, activebackground='red1', background='red2')
self.response = tk.Entry(self, justify='center')
#layout
self.pageTitle.pack(side='top', fill='x')
self.panelBlock.pack(side='top', fill='x', pady=5)
self.panelLabel.pack(side='left', fill='x', padx=50)
self.panelSetting.pack(side='right', fill='x')
self.messageDisplay.pack(side='top', fill='x', pady=60)
self.wYesNo.pack(side='bottom', fill='x', padx=20, pady=20, expand=True)
self.bYes.pack(side='left', fill='both', padx=10, expand=True)
self.bNo.pack(side='right', fill='both', padx=10, expand=True)
self.response.pack(side='bottom', fill='x', padx=20, pady=60)
#settings
self.response.focus_set()
def clearText(self):
self.response.delete(0, 'end')
def confirmTransition(self):
self.after(2000, self.pageReset)
def pageReset(self):
self.cutFeet.set(answerReset.get())
self.cutInches.set(answerReset.get())
self.response.delete(0, 'end')
self.outputDisplay.pack_forget()
self.messageDisplay.config(text='Set cut length (feet):')
self.wYesNo.pack(side='bottom', fill='x', padx=20, pady=20, expand=True)
self.bYes.config(command=self.setCutFeet)
self.bNo.config(command=self.clearText)
self.response.pack(side='bottom', fill='x', padx=20, pady=60)
self.outputDisplay.config(foreground='black')
self.panelSetting.pack(side='right', fill='x')
def setCutFeet(self):
self.cutFeet.set(int(self.response.get()))
self.enterCutInches()
def enterCutInches(self):
self.response.delete(0, 'end')
self.bYes.config(command=self.verifyInches)
self.messageDisplay.config(text='Set cut length (inches):')
def verifyInches(self):
if (int(self.response.get()) >= (inchesInFeet.get())):
self.response.delete(0, 'end')
self.messageDisplay.config(text='Enter a number less than 12')
return
else:
self.setCutInches()
def setCutInches(self):
self.cutInches.set(int(self.response.get()))
self.response.delete(0, 'end')
self.response.pack_forget()
self.messageDisplay.config(text='Is this the correct cut length?')
self.bYes.config(command=self.setPanelCut)
self.bNo.config(command=self.pageReset)
self.outputDisplay.config(text=str(str((self.cutFeet.get() * inchesInFeet.get()) + self.cutInches.get()) + '" / ' + str(self.cutFeet.get()) + '\' ' + str(self.cutInches.get()) + '"'))
self.outputDisplay.pack(side='bottom', fill='x', padx=20, pady=60)
def setPanelCut(self):
self.setCutConfirm.set(True)
cutLength.set((self.cutFeet.get() * inchesInFeet.get()) + self.cutInches.get())
self.panelSetting.config(text=(str(str(cutLength.get()) + '" / ' + str(self.cutFeet.get()) + '\' ' + str(self.cutInches.get()) + '"')))
print(cutLength.get()) ##verification test point using shell
self.messageDisplay.config(text='Panel cut length set.')
self.outputDisplay.config(foreground='green1', pady=120)
self.bNo.config(command=self.pageReset)
self.wYesNo.pack_forget()
self.confirmTransition()
class pViewSettings(Page):
#confirm setting options on this page
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
Page.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
#define variables
setMarkConfirm = tk.BooleanVar()
setJobConfirm = tk.BooleanVar()
#set variables
setMarkConfirm.set(0)
setJobConfirm.set(0)
#widgets
self.pageTitle = tk.Label(self, text='VIEW SETTINGS')
self.panelBlock = tk.LabelFrame(self, padx=5, pady=5)
self.panelLabel = tk.Label(self.panelBlock, text='PANEL LENGTH')
self.panelSetting = tk.Label(self.panelBlock, text=str(cutLength.get()) + '" / ' + str(math.trunc(cutLength.get()/inchesInFeet.get())) + '\' ' + str(cutLength.get() - ((math.trunc(cutLength.get()/inchesInFeet.get())) * inchesInFeet.get())) + '"')
#layout
self.pageTitle.pack(side='top', fill='x')
self.panelBlock.pack(side='top', fill='x', pady=5)
self.panelLabel.pack(side='left', fill='x', padx=50)
self.panelSetting.pack(side='right', fill='x')
#action
self.refreshSelf()
def refreshSelf(self):
#action
self.panelSetting.config(text=str(cutLength.get()) + '" / ' + str(math.trunc(cutLength.get()/inchesInFeet.get())) + '\' ' + str(cutLength.get() - ((math.trunc(cutLength.get()/inchesInFeet.get())) * inchesInFeet.get())) + '"')
self.after(10, self.refreshSelf)
class pMainView(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
#pages to objects
oPanelSettings = pPanelSettings(self)
oViewSettings = pViewSettings(self)
#create menu and view windows
buttonFrame = tk.Frame(self)
container = tk.Frame(self)
buttonFrame.pack(side='left', fill='both', expand=False) #menu column
container.pack(side='right', fill='both', expand=True) #main view window
#place page objects into main view window
oPanelSettings.place(in_=container, x=0, y=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)
oViewSettings.place(in_=container, x=0, y=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)
#create menu buttons
bPanelSettings = tk.Button(buttonFrame, text='Panel Settings', command=oPanelSettings.lift)
bViewSettings = tk.Button(buttonFrame, text='View Settings', command=oViewSettings.lift)
#menu layout
bPanelSettings.pack(side='top', fill='both', expand=True)
bViewSettings.pack(side='top', fill='both', expand=True)
#startup display page
oViewSettings.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
root = tk.Tk()
oMainView = pMainView(root)
oMainView.pack(side='top', fill='both', expand=True)
root.wm_geometry('1024x600')
root.mainloop()
目标： 跨 classes
显示变量问题： 更新标签，特别是第 99 行
错误：仅逻辑
环境： Python 3.6.9，Tk 8.6.8，OS Ubuntu 18.04
写起来：
我试图在包含代码的第 99 行的 pViewSettings class 中显示变量 pPanelSettings.cutLength，但是我无法将其显示到 update/refresh。在我的任何标签中包含 textvariable 都会使其显示为空白，即使我给了它们一个初始值。在包含的尝试中，我留下了一个无效的刷新命令（第 106 行）以及一个无效的跟踪尝试（第 107 行）。其他尝试包括：
update_idletasks,
创建一个额外的字符串变量，简单地重新格式化整数变量只是为了确认这不是问题，
在彼此内部引用 pViewSettings 和 pPanelSettings（导致循环），
以及我现在忘记的其他一些内容。
我最感兴趣的是找出我遗漏的“原因”，因为我将在未来再次重复这个过程。很抱歉用另一个新手标签问题填满论坛，但此时我自己不知所措。我相信这是一个我完全想念的简单修复。
理想情况下，我想了解 textvariable 哪里出了问题，因为这似乎最有可能是简单的解决方案，但与在线示例相比，我仍然看不出哪里错了.
我：
我原本不打算在明年初之前学习 GUI，但是我的这个项目的时间安排加快了，所以我不得不快速投入。
我浏览过的帖子：
Update Tkinter Label from variable
https://yagisanatode.com/2018/02/26/how-to-display-and-entry-in-a-label-tkinter-python-3/
还有很多，但我的书签都丢了。
代码：
import tkinter as tk
import time as time
import math as math
#create main window
root = tk.Tk()
root.title('machine')
#create main container
mainFrame = tk.Frame(root)
#layout main container, grow with window size
mainFrame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
#create globals
inchesInFeet = tk.IntVar()
answerReset = tk.IntVar()
#set globals
answerReset.set(0)
#create classes
class Page(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
def show(self):
self.lift()
class pPanelSettings(Page):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
Page.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
#create variables
self.cutFeet = tk.IntVar()
self.cutInches = tk.IntVar()
self.cutLength = tk.IntVar()
self.panelCutConfirm = tk.BooleanVar()
#set variables
self.cutFeet.set(0)
self.cutInches.set(0)
self.cutLength.set(0)
self.panelCutConfirm.set(0)
#widgets
self.pageTitle = tk.Label(self, text='PANEL SETTINGS')
self.panelBlock = tk.LabelFrame(self, padx=5, pady=5)
self.panelLabel = tk.Label(self.panelBlock, text='CURRENT PANEL SET LENGTH')
self.panelSetting = tk.Label(self.panelBlock, text=self.cutLength.get())
self.messageDisplay = tk.Label(self, text='Set cut length (feet):')
self.wYesNo = tk.LabelFrame(self, padx=5, pady=5)
self.bYes = tk.Button(self.wYesNo, text='ENTER', command=self.setCutFeet, height=4, activebackground='green1', background='green2')
self.response = tk.Entry(self, justify='center')
#layout
self.pageTitle.pack(side='top', fill='x')
self.panelBlock.pack(side='top', fill='x', pady=5)
self.panelLabel.pack(side='left', fill='x', padx=50)
self.panelSetting.pack(side='right', fill='x')
self.messageDisplay.pack(side='top', fill='x', pady=60)
self.wYesNo.pack(side='bottom', fill='x', padx=20, pady=20, expand=True)
self.bYes.pack(side='left', fill='both', padx=10, expand=True)
self.response.pack(side='bottom', fill='x', padx=20, pady=60)
#settings
self.response.focus_set()
def clearText(self):
self.response.delete(0, 'end')
def transition(self):
self.after(2000, self.pageReset)
def pageReset(self): #resets widgets to initial view
self.response.delete(0, 'end')
self.messageDisplay.config(text='Set cut length (feet):')
self.response.pack(side='bottom', fill='x', padx=20, pady=60)
self.wYesNo.pack(side='bottom', fill='x', padx=20, pady=20, expand=True)
self.bYes.config(command=self.setCutFeet)
self.panelSetting.pack(side='right', fill='x')
def setCutFeet(self):
self.cutFeet.set(int(self.response.get()))
self.setCutConfirm()
def setCutConfirm(self):
self.panelCutConfirm.set(True)
self.cutLength.set(self.cutFeet.get())
self.panelSetting.config(text=self.cutLength.get())
print(self.cutLength.get()) ##verification test point using shell
self.messageDisplay.config(text='Panel cut length set.')
self.wYesNo.pack_forget()
self.transition()
class pViewSettings(Page): ##this page needs auto update/refresh to display current settings from other pages
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
Page.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
#pages to objects
oPanelSettings = pPanelSettings(self)
#widgets
self.pageTitle = tk.Label(self, text='VIEW SETTINGS')
self.panelBlock = tk.LabelFrame(self, padx=5, pady=5)
self.panelLabel = tk.Label(self.panelBlock, text='PANEL LENGTH')
self.panelSetting = tk.Label(self.panelBlock, text=oPanelSettings.cutLength.get())
#layout
self.pageTitle.pack(side='top', fill='x')
self.panelBlock.pack(side='top', fill='x', pady=5)
self.panelLabel.pack(side='left', fill='x', padx=50)
self.panelSetting.pack(side='right', fill='x')
#actions
self.refreshSelf() ##i know that this doesn't work, but i do not understand why
oPanelSettings.cutLength.trace('r', self.refreshSelf) ##i really feel like this should work though
def refreshSelf(self):
#pages to objects
oPanelSettings = pPanelSettings(self)
#action
self.after(1000, self.refreshSelf)
self.panelSetting.config(text=oPanelSettings.cutLength.get())
class pMainView(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
#pages to objects
oPanelSettings = pPanelSettings(self)
oViewSettings = pViewSettings(self)
#create menu and view windows
buttonFrame = tk.Frame(self)
container = tk.Frame(self)
buttonFrame.pack(side='left', fill='both', expand=False) #menu column
container.pack(side='right', fill='both', expand=True) #main view window
#place page objects into main view window
oPanelSettings.place(in_=container, x=0, y=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)
oViewSettings.place(in_=container, x=0, y=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)
#create menu buttons
bPanelSettings = tk.Button(buttonFrame, text='Panel Settings', command=oPanelSettings.lift)
bViewSettings = tk.Button(buttonFrame, text='View Settings', command=oViewSettings.lift)
#menu layout
bPanelSettings.pack(side='top', fill='both', expand=True)
bViewSettings.pack(side='top', fill='both', expand=True)
#startup display page
oViewSettings.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
root = tk.Tk()
oMainView = pMainView(root)
oMainView.pack(side='top', fill='both', expand=True)
root.wm_geometry('1024x600')
root.mainloop()
非常感谢任何帮助。有人打电话给布莱恩奥克利来救我！ :) :)
编辑 #1：缩短代码以实现最小复制。
使用StringVar更新标签的正确方法如下：
这是一个最小的示例，您可以在其中单击 'Add' 按钮来增加值并在 'red' 和 'cyan' 之间更改标签颜色。
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
value = 0
labelVar = tk.StringVar()
labelVar.set(f"Current value: {value}")
def add_text():
global value
value += 1
labelVar.set(f"Current value: {value}")
if value % 2:
newcolor = 'red'
else:
newcolor = 'cyan'
label.config(bg=newcolor)
label = tk.Label(root, textvariable=labelVar, bg='cyan')
label.pack()
tk.Button(root, text='Add', command=add_text).pack()
root.mainloop()
对于可能在 未来 中找到它的任何人 - 我最终只使用了全局变量并添加了一个自循环刷新。附加的代码不是“最小复制”，因为我不想把它擦掉，但它就在那里。我有点理解最好从设置变量的地方提取变量，但我不明白全局变量与使用此处给出的共享数据示例有何不同（只需吸收 Bryan Oakley 的所有帖子）
第 16/19 行 - 定义并初始设置全局变量
第 123 行 - 更新全局变量（class pPanelSettings）
第 148 行 - 初始显示（class pViewSettings）
第 155 行 - 开始刷新（class pViewSettings）
第 159 行 - 只是 L148 的副本
import tkinter as tk
import time as time
import math as math
#create main window
root = tk.Tk()
root.title('Fabric Marker')
#create main container
mainFrame = tk.Frame(root)
#layout main container, grow with window size
mainFrame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
#define variables
cutLength = tk.IntVar()
#set variables
cutLength.set(0)
#define constants
answerReset = tk.IntVar()
inchesInFeet = tk.IntVar()
inch = tk.IntVar()
#set constants
answerReset.set(0)
inchesInFeet.set(12)
inch.set(1)
#create classes
class Page(tk.Frame): ###I NEED NOTES TO UNDERSTAND THIS ONE ENTIRELY###
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
def show(self):
self.lift()
class pPanelSettings(Page):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
Page.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
#define variables
self.cutFeet = tk.IntVar()
self.cutInches = tk.IntVar()
self.setCutConfirm = tk.BooleanVar()
#set variables
self.cutFeet.set(0)
self.cutInches.set(0)
self.setCutConfirm.set(False)
#widgets
self.pageTitle = tk.Label(self, text='PANEL SETTINGS')
self.panelBlock = tk.LabelFrame(self, padx=5, pady=5)
self.panelLabel = tk.Label(self.panelBlock, text='CURRENT PANEL SET LENGTH')
self.panelSetting = tk.Label(self.panelBlock, text=(str(str(cutLength.get()) + '" / ' + str(self.cutFeet.get()) + '\' ' + str(self.cutInches.get()) + '"')))
self.messageDisplay = tk.Label(self, text='Set cut length (feet):')
self.outputDisplay = tk.Label(self)
self.wYesNo = tk.LabelFrame(self, padx=5, pady=5)
self.bYes = tk.Button(self.wYesNo, text='ENTER', command=self.setCutFeet, height=4, activebackground='green1', background='green2')
self.bNo = tk.Button(self.wYesNo, text='CLEAR', command=self.clearText, height=4, activebackground='red1', background='red2')
self.response = tk.Entry(self, justify='center')
#layout
self.pageTitle.pack(side='top', fill='x')
self.panelBlock.pack(side='top', fill='x', pady=5)
self.panelLabel.pack(side='left', fill='x', padx=50)
self.panelSetting.pack(side='right', fill='x')
self.messageDisplay.pack(side='top', fill='x', pady=60)
self.wYesNo.pack(side='bottom', fill='x', padx=20, pady=20, expand=True)
self.bYes.pack(side='left', fill='both', padx=10, expand=True)
self.bNo.pack(side='right', fill='both', padx=10, expand=True)
self.response.pack(side='bottom', fill='x', padx=20, pady=60)
#settings
self.response.focus_set()
def clearText(self):
self.response.delete(0, 'end')
def confirmTransition(self):
self.after(2000, self.pageReset)
def pageReset(self):
self.cutFeet.set(answerReset.get())
self.cutInches.set(answerReset.get())
self.response.delete(0, 'end')
self.outputDisplay.pack_forget()
self.messageDisplay.config(text='Set cut length (feet):')
self.wYesNo.pack(side='bottom', fill='x', padx=20, pady=20, expand=True)
self.bYes.config(command=self.setCutFeet)
self.bNo.config(command=self.clearText)
self.response.pack(side='bottom', fill='x', padx=20, pady=60)
self.outputDisplay.config(foreground='black')
self.panelSetting.pack(side='right', fill='x')
def setCutFeet(self):
self.cutFeet.set(int(self.response.get()))
self.enterCutInches()
def enterCutInches(self):
self.response.delete(0, 'end')
self.bYes.config(command=self.verifyInches)
self.messageDisplay.config(text='Set cut length (inches):')
def verifyInches(self):
if (int(self.response.get()) >= (inchesInFeet.get())):
self.response.delete(0, 'end')
self.messageDisplay.config(text='Enter a number less than 12')
return
else:
self.setCutInches()
def setCutInches(self):
self.cutInches.set(int(self.response.get()))
self.response.delete(0, 'end')
self.response.pack_forget()
self.messageDisplay.config(text='Is this the correct cut length?')
self.bYes.config(command=self.setPanelCut)
self.bNo.config(command=self.pageReset)
self.outputDisplay.config(text=str(str((self.cutFeet.get() * inchesInFeet.get()) + self.cutInches.get()) + '" / ' + str(self.cutFeet.get()) + '\' ' + str(self.cutInches.get()) + '"'))
self.outputDisplay.pack(side='bottom', fill='x', padx=20, pady=60)
def setPanelCut(self):
self.setCutConfirm.set(True)
cutLength.set((self.cutFeet.get() * inchesInFeet.get()) + self.cutInches.get())
self.panelSetting.config(text=(str(str(cutLength.get()) + '" / ' + str(self.cutFeet.get()) + '\' ' + str(self.cutInches.get()) + '"')))
print(cutLength.get()) ##verification test point using shell
self.messageDisplay.config(text='Panel cut length set.')
self.outputDisplay.config(foreground='green1', pady=120)
self.bNo.config(command=self.pageReset)
self.wYesNo.pack_forget()
self.confirmTransition()
class pViewSettings(Page):
#confirm setting options on this page
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
Page.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
#define variables
setMarkConfirm = tk.BooleanVar()
setJobConfirm = tk.BooleanVar()
#set variables
setMarkConfirm.set(0)
setJobConfirm.set(0)
#widgets
self.pageTitle = tk.Label(self, text='VIEW SETTINGS')
self.panelBlock = tk.LabelFrame(self, padx=5, pady=5)
self.panelLabel = tk.Label(self.panelBlock, text='PANEL LENGTH')
self.panelSetting = tk.Label(self.panelBlock, text=str(cutLength.get()) + '" / ' + str(math.trunc(cutLength.get()/inchesInFeet.get())) + '\' ' + str(cutLength.get() - ((math.trunc(cutLength.get()/inchesInFeet.get())) * inchesInFeet.get())) + '"')
#layout
self.pageTitle.pack(side='top', fill='x')
self.panelBlock.pack(side='top', fill='x', pady=5)
self.panelLabel.pack(side='left', fill='x', padx=50)
self.panelSetting.pack(side='right', fill='x')
#action
self.refreshSelf()
def refreshSelf(self):
#action
self.panelSetting.config(text=str(cutLength.get()) + '" / ' + str(math.trunc(cutLength.get()/inchesInFeet.get())) + '\' ' + str(cutLength.get() - ((math.trunc(cutLength.get()/inchesInFeet.get())) * inchesInFeet.get())) + '"')
self.after(10, self.refreshSelf)
class pMainView(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
#pages to objects
oPanelSettings = pPanelSettings(self)
oViewSettings = pViewSettings(self)
#create menu and view windows
buttonFrame = tk.Frame(self)
container = tk.Frame(self)
buttonFrame.pack(side='left', fill='both', expand=False) #menu column
container.pack(side='right', fill='both', expand=True) #main view window
#place page objects into main view window
oPanelSettings.place(in_=container, x=0, y=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)
oViewSettings.place(in_=container, x=0, y=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)
#create menu buttons
bPanelSettings = tk.Button(buttonFrame, text='Panel Settings', command=oPanelSettings.lift)
bViewSettings = tk.Button(buttonFrame, text='View Settings', command=oViewSettings.lift)
#menu layout
bPanelSettings.pack(side='top', fill='both', expand=True)
bViewSettings.pack(side='top', fill='both', expand=True)
#startup display page
oViewSettings.show()
if __name__ == '__main__':
root = tk.Tk()
oMainView = pMainView(root)
oMainView.pack(side='top', fill='both', expand=True)
root.wm_geometry('1024x600')
root.mainloop()