excel 中多个文件和路径的复制、重命名和验证成功
Copy, rename and validate success of multiple files and paths in excel
Solution Template SetUp
在过去的 5 天里，我一直在这里和网上四处搜寻，以找到适用于多个文件的东西。上午的许多 night/early 小时未能成功拼凑 together/coding 得到结果。提前致谢。
以下代码来自get-digital-help.com/copyrename-a-file-excel-vba作者Oscar
它适用于 1 个文件，我有 8,000 个文件要在深层文件夹结构中执行，所以但我真的希望每一行都查看源路径、源文件名、目标路径和目标文件：
每一行：
- A 列列出源路径
- B列列出源文件名
- C 列列出了目标路径
- D 列列出了新文件名
E 列写“成功”或“失败”验证。
- 如果文件名已存在于目标中，则“失败”
- 如果源文件不存在，则“失败”
不错have/completely可选！！！ :)
- 检查源文件 A 列和 B 列是否存在，= F 列中的 True 或 False。如果为 True，则继续复制并重命名。
- 如果目标文件已经存在，则失败并且列 F = 重复
- 保留第一行以放入第 header 列名称。
<pre><code>Sub CopyRenameFile()
'Dimension variables and declare data types
Dim src As String, dst As String, fl As String
Dim rfl As String
'Save source directory specified in cell A2 to variable src
src = Range("A2")
'Save destination directory specified in cell C2 to variable dst
dst = Range("C2")
'Save file name specified in cell B2 to variable fl
fl = Range("B2")
'Save new file name specified in cell D2 to variable rfl
rfl = Range("D2")
'Enable error handling
On Error Resume Next
'Copy file based on variables src and fl to destination folder based on variable dst and name file based on value in rfl
FileCopy src & "\" & fl, dst & "\" & rfl
'Check if an error has occurred
If Err.Number <> 0 Then
'Show error using message box
MsgBox "Copy error: " & src & "\" & rfl
End If
'Disable error handling
On Error GoTo 0
End Sub
使用文件列表复制文件
这个解决方案由三个过程组成。你运行只有第一个：copyRenameFile。另外两个 getOffsetColumn 和 writeOffsetRange 在必要时由第一个调用。
最好用新的工作簿进行测试。插入一个模块并将代码复制到其中。现在打开您的原始工作簿并将某些值复制到例如Sheet1 的新工作簿。由于代码是为 Thisworkbook（包含此代码的工作簿）编写的，因此原始工作簿将是安全的（不会写入）。
首先调整常量部分中的值（标题为 Worksheet 和 Other）。然后测试空工作表。然后用 A 列中的一个文件夹进行测试，然后用 more 慢慢地继续测试其他列。可能的错误应该被抑制，它们的消息（描述）应该出现在 VBE 的 Immediate window (CTRL+G ).
作为本次调查的副产品，我还添加了 createFolders 功能以在 MkDir 'cannot' 的一种情况下创建文件夹，以及两个过程测试一下。
代码
Option Explicit
Sub copyRenameFile()
' Initialize error handling.
Const ProcName As String = "copyRenameFile"
On Error GoTo clearError ' Turn on error trapping.
' Worksheet
Const wsName As String = "Sheet1" ' Worksheet Name
Const FirstRow As Long = 2 ' First Row Number
Const LastRowCol As Variant = "A" ' Last Row Column Index
Dim srcCols As Variant ' Source Columns Array
srcCols = VBA.Array("A", "B", "C", "D")
Dim tgtCols As Variant ' Target Columns Array
tgtCols = VBA.Array("E", "F")
' Other
Dim filMsg() As Variant ' File Messages
filMsg = VBA.Array("Fail", "Success")
Dim folMsg() As Variant ' Folder Messages
folMsg = VBA.Array(False, True, "Duplicate")
Dim PathDelimiter As String
PathDelimiter = Application.PathSeparator
Dim wb As Workbook
Set wb = ThisWorkbook ' 'Thisworkbook' is the workbook containing this code.
' Define Last Row Column Range ('rng').
Dim ws As Worksheet
Set ws = wb.Worksheets(wsName)
Dim LastRow As Long
LastRow = ws.Cells(ws.Rows.Count, LastRowCol).End(xlUp).Row
If LastRow < FirstRow Then
GoTo FirstRowBelowLastRow
End If
Dim rng As Range
Set rng = ws.Range(ws.Cells(FirstRow, LastRowCol), _
ws.Cells(LastRow, LastRowCol))
' Write Source Column Ranges to Source Jagged Array ('Source').
Dim ubcS As Long
ubcS = UBound(srcCols)
Dim Source As Variant
ReDim Source(0 To ubcS)
Dim Data As Variant
Dim j As Long
For j = 0 To ubcS
getOffsetColumn Data, srcCols(j), rng
Source(j) = Data
Next j
' Define Target Jagged Array ('Target').
Dim ubcT As Long
ubcT = UBound(tgtCols)
Dim ubs As Long
ubs = UBound(Source(0))
Dim Target As Variant
ReDim Target(0 To ubcT)
ReDim Data(1 To ubs, 1 To 1)
For j = 0 To ubcT
Target(j) = Data
Next j
' Declare additional variables for the For Next loop.
Dim i As Long
Dim Copied As Long
Dim srcPath As String
Dim tgtPath As String
' Loop through rows of arrays of Source Jagged Array, check folders,
' check files and finally copy if condition is met. At the same time
' write results to arrays of Target Jagged Array.
' The condition to copy is met when source file exists,
' and target file does not.
For i = 1 To ubs
' Folders
srcPath = Source(0)(i, 1)
If Dir(srcPath, vbDirectory) = "" Then
' Source Folder and Source File do not exist.
Target(0)(i, 1) = filMsg(0)
Target(1)(i, 1) = folMsg(0)
GoTo NextRow
End If
' Source Folder exists.
tgtPath = Source(1)(i, 1)
If Dir(tgtPath, vbDirectory) = "" Then
' Target Folder and Target File do not exist.
Target(0)(i, 1) = filMsg(0)
Target(1)(i, 1) = folMsg(0)
GoTo NextRow
End If
' Source Folder and Target Folder exist.
' Files
srcPath = srcPath & PathDelimiter & Source(2)(i, 1)
If Dir(srcPath) = "" Then
' Source File does not exist.
Target(0)(i, 1) = filMsg(0)
Target(1)(i, 1) = folMsg(0)
GoTo NextRow
End If
' Source File exists.
tgtPath = tgtPath & PathDelimiter & Source(3)(i, 1)
If Dir(tgtPath) <> "" Then
' Target File exists.
Target(0)(i, 1) = filMsg(0)
Target(1)(i, 1) = folMsg(2)
GoTo NextRow
End If
' Source File exists and Target File does not.
Target(0)(i, 1) = filMsg(1)
Target(1)(i, 1) = folMsg(1)
' Copy
FileCopy srcPath, tgtPath
' Count files copied.
Copied = Copied + 1
NextRow:
Next i
' Write values (results) from arrays of Target Jagged Array
' to Target Columns.
For j = 0 To ubcT
writeOffsetRange Target(j), tgtCols(j), rng
Next j
' Inform user.
MsgBox "Copied " & Copied & " files.", vbInformation, "Success"
ProcExit:
Exit Sub
FirstRowBelowLastRow:
Debug.Print "'" & ProcName & "': First row below last row."
GoTo ProcExit
clearError:
Debug.Print "'" & ProcName & "': " & vbLf _
& " " & "Run-time error '" & Err.Number & "':" & vbLf _
& " " & Err.Description
On Error GoTo 0 ' Turn off error trapping.
GoTo ProcExit
End Sub
Sub getOffsetColumn(ByRef Data As Variant, _
OffsetColumnIndex As Variant, _
ColumnRange As Range)
' Initialize error handling.
Const ProcName As String = "getOffsetColumn"
On Error GoTo clearError ' Turn on error trapping.
Data = Empty
If ColumnRange Is Nothing Then
GoTo NoRange
End If
Dim ws As Worksheet
Set ws = ColumnRange.Worksheet
If ColumnRange.Rows.Count > 1 Then
Data = ColumnRange.Offset(, ws.Columns(OffsetColumnIndex).Column _
- ColumnRange.Column) _
.Value
Else
ReDim Data(1 To 1, 1 To 1)
Data(1, 1) = ColumnRange.Offset(, ws.Columns(OffsetColumnIndex) _
.Column _
- ColumnRange.Column) _
.Value
End If
ProcExit:
Exit Sub
NoRange:
Debug.Print "'" & ProcName & "': No Range."
GoTo ProcExit
clearError:
Debug.Print "'" & ProcName & "': " & vbLf _
& " " & "Run-time error '" & Err.Number & "':" & vbLf _
& " " & Err.Description
On Error GoTo 0 ' Turn off error trapping.
GoTo ProcExit
End Sub
Sub writeOffsetRange(Data As Variant, _
OffsetColumnIndex As Variant, _
ColumnRange As Range)
' Initialize error handling.
Const ProcName As String = "writeOffsetColumn"
On Error GoTo clearError ' Turn on error trapping.
If ColumnRange Is Nothing Then
GoTo NoRange
End If
Dim ws As Worksheet
Set ws = ColumnRange.Worksheet
ColumnRange.Offset(, ws.Columns(OffsetColumnIndex).Column _
- ColumnRange.Column).Value = Data
ProcExit:
Exit Sub
NoRange:
Debug.Print "'" & ProcName & "': No Range."
GoTo ProcExit
clearError:
Debug.Print "'" & ProcName & "': " & vbLf _
& " " & "Run-time error '" & Err.Number & "':" & vbLf _
& " " & Err.Description
On Error GoTo 0 ' Turn off error trapping.
GoTo ProcExit
End Sub
副产品
' e.g. "C:\Test" is an existing folder, "C:\Test\Test1" is not.
' When you want to create the folder "C:\Test\Test1\Test2", 'MkDir' will return
' "Run-time error '76': Path Not found", because "C:\Test\Test1" does not exist.
' The 'createFolders' function remedies this by creating as many folders
' as needed. In the previous example it first creates "C:\Test\Test1" and
' only then creates "C:\Test\Test1\Test2" in it.
' The function returns 'True' if the folder previously existed or now exists.
' The function returns 'False' if 'PathString' is invalid.
Function createFolders(PathString As String) As Boolean
' Initialize error handling.
Const ProcName As String = "createFolders"
On Error GoTo clearError ' Turn on error trapping.
' Split Path String ('PathString') by System Path Separator ('Delimiter')
' into 1D zero-based Folders Array 'Folders()'.
Dim Delimiter As String
Delimiter = Application.PathSeparator
Dim Folders() As String
Folders = Split(PathString, Delimiter)
' Define Last Subscript ('LastSS') to be considered, because Path String
' could be ending with a System Path Separator.
Dim LastSS As Long
LastSS = UBound(Folders)
If Folders(LastSS) = "" Then
LastSS = LastSS - 1
End If
' Using Folders Array, write paths to Paths Array ('Paths()').
Dim Paths() As String
ReDim Paths(0 To LastSS)
Paths(0) = Folders(0)
Dim j As Long
If LastSS > 0 Then
For j = 1 To LastSS
Paths(j) = Paths(j - 1) & Delimiter & Folders(j)
Next j
End If
' Create each folder if it does not exist.
For j = 0 To LastSS
If Dir(Paths(j), vbDirectory) = "" Then
MkDir Paths(j)
End If
Next j
' Write result.
createFolders = True
ProcExit:
Exit Function
clearError:
Debug.Print "'" & ProcName & "': " & vbLf _
& " " & "Run-time error '" & Err.Number & "':" & vbLf _
& " " & Err.Description
On Error GoTo 0 ' Turn off error trapping.
GoTo ProcExit
End Function
Sub testCreateFolders()
Const PathString As String = "C:\Test\Test1\Test2"
Dim Result As Boolean
Result = createFolders(PathString)
If Result Then
MsgBox "If the path previously didn't exist, now it certainly does."
Else
MsgBox "The supplied path is invalid."
End If
End Sub
Sub testMkDir()
Const PathString As String = "C:\Test\Test1\Test2"
MkDir PathString
End Sub
Solution Template SetUp
在过去的 5 天里，我一直在这里和网上四处搜寻，以找到适用于多个文件的东西。上午的许多 night/early 小时未能成功拼凑 together/coding 得到结果。提前致谢。
以下代码来自get-digital-help.com/copyrename-a-file-excel-vba作者Oscar 它适用于 1 个文件，我有 8,000 个文件要在深层文件夹结构中执行，所以但我真的希望每一行都查看源路径、源文件名、目标路径和目标文件：
每一行：
- A 列列出源路径
- B列列出源文件名
- C 列列出了目标路径
- D 列列出了新文件名
E 列写“成功”或“失败”验证。
- 如果文件名已存在于目标中，则“失败”
- 如果源文件不存在，则“失败”
不错have/completely可选！！！ :)
- 检查源文件 A 列和 B 列是否存在，= F 列中的 True 或 False。如果为 True，则继续复制并重命名。
- 如果目标文件已经存在，则失败并且列 F = 重复
- 保留第一行以放入第 header 列名称。
<pre><code>Sub CopyRenameFile()
'Dimension variables and declare data types
Dim src As String, dst As String, fl As String
Dim rfl As String
'Save source directory specified in cell A2 to variable src
src = Range("A2")
'Save destination directory specified in cell C2 to variable dst
dst = Range("C2")
'Save file name specified in cell B2 to variable fl
fl = Range("B2")
'Save new file name specified in cell D2 to variable rfl
rfl = Range("D2")
'Enable error handling
On Error Resume Next
'Copy file based on variables src and fl to destination folder based on variable dst and name file based on value in rfl
FileCopy src & "\" & fl, dst & "\" & rfl
'Check if an error has occurred
If Err.Number <> 0 Then
'Show error using message box
MsgBox "Copy error: " & src & "\" & rfl
End If
'Disable error handling
On Error GoTo 0
End Sub
使用文件列表复制文件
这个解决方案由三个过程组成。你运行只有第一个：
copyRenameFile。另外两个getOffsetColumn和writeOffsetRange在必要时由第一个调用。最好用新的工作簿进行测试。插入一个模块并将代码复制到其中。现在打开您的原始工作簿并将某些值复制到例如
Sheet1的新工作簿。由于代码是为Thisworkbook（包含此代码的工作簿）编写的，因此原始工作簿将是安全的（不会写入）。首先调整常量部分中的值（标题为
Worksheet和Other）。然后测试空工作表。然后用A列中的一个文件夹进行测试，然后用 more 慢慢地继续测试其他列。可能的错误应该被抑制，它们的消息（描述）应该出现在VBE的Immediatewindow (CTRL+G ).作为本次调查的副产品，我还添加了
createFolders功能以在MkDir'cannot' 的一种情况下创建文件夹，以及两个过程测试一下。
代码
Option Explicit
Sub copyRenameFile()
' Initialize error handling.
Const ProcName As String = "copyRenameFile"
On Error GoTo clearError ' Turn on error trapping.
' Worksheet
Const wsName As String = "Sheet1" ' Worksheet Name
Const FirstRow As Long = 2 ' First Row Number
Const LastRowCol As Variant = "A" ' Last Row Column Index
Dim srcCols As Variant ' Source Columns Array
srcCols = VBA.Array("A", "B", "C", "D")
Dim tgtCols As Variant ' Target Columns Array
tgtCols = VBA.Array("E", "F")
' Other
Dim filMsg() As Variant ' File Messages
filMsg = VBA.Array("Fail", "Success")
Dim folMsg() As Variant ' Folder Messages
folMsg = VBA.Array(False, True, "Duplicate")
Dim PathDelimiter As String
PathDelimiter = Application.PathSeparator
Dim wb As Workbook
Set wb = ThisWorkbook ' 'Thisworkbook' is the workbook containing this code.
' Define Last Row Column Range ('rng').
Dim ws As Worksheet
Set ws = wb.Worksheets(wsName)
Dim LastRow As Long
LastRow = ws.Cells(ws.Rows.Count, LastRowCol).End(xlUp).Row
If LastRow < FirstRow Then
GoTo FirstRowBelowLastRow
End If
Dim rng As Range
Set rng = ws.Range(ws.Cells(FirstRow, LastRowCol), _
ws.Cells(LastRow, LastRowCol))
' Write Source Column Ranges to Source Jagged Array ('Source').
Dim ubcS As Long
ubcS = UBound(srcCols)
Dim Source As Variant
ReDim Source(0 To ubcS)
Dim Data As Variant
Dim j As Long
For j = 0 To ubcS
getOffsetColumn Data, srcCols(j), rng
Source(j) = Data
Next j
' Define Target Jagged Array ('Target').
Dim ubcT As Long
ubcT = UBound(tgtCols)
Dim ubs As Long
ubs = UBound(Source(0))
Dim Target As Variant
ReDim Target(0 To ubcT)
ReDim Data(1 To ubs, 1 To 1)
For j = 0 To ubcT
Target(j) = Data
Next j
' Declare additional variables for the For Next loop.
Dim i As Long
Dim Copied As Long
Dim srcPath As String
Dim tgtPath As String
' Loop through rows of arrays of Source Jagged Array, check folders,
' check files and finally copy if condition is met. At the same time
' write results to arrays of Target Jagged Array.
' The condition to copy is met when source file exists,
' and target file does not.
For i = 1 To ubs
' Folders
srcPath = Source(0)(i, 1)
If Dir(srcPath, vbDirectory) = "" Then
' Source Folder and Source File do not exist.
Target(0)(i, 1) = filMsg(0)
Target(1)(i, 1) = folMsg(0)
GoTo NextRow
End If
' Source Folder exists.
tgtPath = Source(1)(i, 1)
If Dir(tgtPath, vbDirectory) = "" Then
' Target Folder and Target File do not exist.
Target(0)(i, 1) = filMsg(0)
Target(1)(i, 1) = folMsg(0)
GoTo NextRow
End If
' Source Folder and Target Folder exist.
' Files
srcPath = srcPath & PathDelimiter & Source(2)(i, 1)
If Dir(srcPath) = "" Then
' Source File does not exist.
Target(0)(i, 1) = filMsg(0)
Target(1)(i, 1) = folMsg(0)
GoTo NextRow
End If
' Source File exists.
tgtPath = tgtPath & PathDelimiter & Source(3)(i, 1)
If Dir(tgtPath) <> "" Then
' Target File exists.
Target(0)(i, 1) = filMsg(0)
Target(1)(i, 1) = folMsg(2)
GoTo NextRow
End If
' Source File exists and Target File does not.
Target(0)(i, 1) = filMsg(1)
Target(1)(i, 1) = folMsg(1)
' Copy
FileCopy srcPath, tgtPath
' Count files copied.
Copied = Copied + 1
NextRow:
Next i
' Write values (results) from arrays of Target Jagged Array
' to Target Columns.
For j = 0 To ubcT
writeOffsetRange Target(j), tgtCols(j), rng
Next j
' Inform user.
MsgBox "Copied " & Copied & " files.", vbInformation, "Success"
ProcExit:
Exit Sub
FirstRowBelowLastRow:
Debug.Print "'" & ProcName & "': First row below last row."
GoTo ProcExit
clearError:
Debug.Print "'" & ProcName & "': " & vbLf _
& " " & "Run-time error '" & Err.Number & "':" & vbLf _
& " " & Err.Description
On Error GoTo 0 ' Turn off error trapping.
GoTo ProcExit
End Sub
Sub getOffsetColumn(ByRef Data As Variant, _
OffsetColumnIndex As Variant, _
ColumnRange As Range)
' Initialize error handling.
Const ProcName As String = "getOffsetColumn"
On Error GoTo clearError ' Turn on error trapping.
Data = Empty
If ColumnRange Is Nothing Then
GoTo NoRange
End If
Dim ws As Worksheet
Set ws = ColumnRange.Worksheet
If ColumnRange.Rows.Count > 1 Then
Data = ColumnRange.Offset(, ws.Columns(OffsetColumnIndex).Column _
- ColumnRange.Column) _
.Value
Else
ReDim Data(1 To 1, 1 To 1)
Data(1, 1) = ColumnRange.Offset(, ws.Columns(OffsetColumnIndex) _
.Column _
- ColumnRange.Column) _
.Value
End If
ProcExit:
Exit Sub
NoRange:
Debug.Print "'" & ProcName & "': No Range."
GoTo ProcExit
clearError:
Debug.Print "'" & ProcName & "': " & vbLf _
& " " & "Run-time error '" & Err.Number & "':" & vbLf _
& " " & Err.Description
On Error GoTo 0 ' Turn off error trapping.
GoTo ProcExit
End Sub
Sub writeOffsetRange(Data As Variant, _
OffsetColumnIndex As Variant, _
ColumnRange As Range)
' Initialize error handling.
Const ProcName As String = "writeOffsetColumn"
On Error GoTo clearError ' Turn on error trapping.
If ColumnRange Is Nothing Then
GoTo NoRange
End If
Dim ws As Worksheet
Set ws = ColumnRange.Worksheet
ColumnRange.Offset(, ws.Columns(OffsetColumnIndex).Column _
- ColumnRange.Column).Value = Data
ProcExit:
Exit Sub
NoRange:
Debug.Print "'" & ProcName & "': No Range."
GoTo ProcExit
clearError:
Debug.Print "'" & ProcName & "': " & vbLf _
& " " & "Run-time error '" & Err.Number & "':" & vbLf _
& " " & Err.Description
On Error GoTo 0 ' Turn off error trapping.
GoTo ProcExit
End Sub
副产品
' e.g. "C:\Test" is an existing folder, "C:\Test\Test1" is not.
' When you want to create the folder "C:\Test\Test1\Test2", 'MkDir' will return
' "Run-time error '76': Path Not found", because "C:\Test\Test1" does not exist.
' The 'createFolders' function remedies this by creating as many folders
' as needed. In the previous example it first creates "C:\Test\Test1" and
' only then creates "C:\Test\Test1\Test2" in it.
' The function returns 'True' if the folder previously existed or now exists.
' The function returns 'False' if 'PathString' is invalid.
Function createFolders(PathString As String) As Boolean
' Initialize error handling.
Const ProcName As String = "createFolders"
On Error GoTo clearError ' Turn on error trapping.
' Split Path String ('PathString') by System Path Separator ('Delimiter')
' into 1D zero-based Folders Array 'Folders()'.
Dim Delimiter As String
Delimiter = Application.PathSeparator
Dim Folders() As String
Folders = Split(PathString, Delimiter)
' Define Last Subscript ('LastSS') to be considered, because Path String
' could be ending with a System Path Separator.
Dim LastSS As Long
LastSS = UBound(Folders)
If Folders(LastSS) = "" Then
LastSS = LastSS - 1
End If
' Using Folders Array, write paths to Paths Array ('Paths()').
Dim Paths() As String
ReDim Paths(0 To LastSS)
Paths(0) = Folders(0)
Dim j As Long
If LastSS > 0 Then
For j = 1 To LastSS
Paths(j) = Paths(j - 1) & Delimiter & Folders(j)
Next j
End If
' Create each folder if it does not exist.
For j = 0 To LastSS
If Dir(Paths(j), vbDirectory) = "" Then
MkDir Paths(j)
End If
Next j
' Write result.
createFolders = True
ProcExit:
Exit Function
clearError:
Debug.Print "'" & ProcName & "': " & vbLf _
& " " & "Run-time error '" & Err.Number & "':" & vbLf _
& " " & Err.Description
On Error GoTo 0 ' Turn off error trapping.
GoTo ProcExit
End Function
Sub testCreateFolders()
Const PathString As String = "C:\Test\Test1\Test2"
Dim Result As Boolean
Result = createFolders(PathString)
If Result Then
MsgBox "If the path previously didn't exist, now it certainly does."
Else
MsgBox "The supplied path is invalid."
End If
End Sub
Sub testMkDir()
Const PathString As String = "C:\Test\Test1\Test2"
MkDir PathString
End Sub