CI4 您必须使用 "set" 方法来更新条目。已经用set了，还是报错

Question

我正在尝试使用要由 Codeigniter 4 Framework 更新的单个列来更新单个记录。已经 3 个小时了，我仍然无法正常工作，文档和错误本身对我来说非常不清楚：

You must use the "set" method to update an entry

到目前为止，我试过这个：

public $books;
public $validation;

public function __construct()
{
    $this->books = new Book();
    $this->validation = Services::validation();
    $this->validation->setRules([
        'title' => 'string|max_length[100]',
        'content' => 'string|min_length[20]|max_length[2000]'
    ]);
}

public function borrow($id)
{
    if (!$this->books->find($id)) {
        session()->setFlashData('error', 'No book.');
        return redirect()->to('/books');
    }

    $data['borrower'] = $this->request->getVar('borrower');

    // ERROR: You must use the "set" method to update an entry. 
    $this->books->where('id', $id);
    $this->books->set($data);
    $this->books->update('books');

    // ERROR: You must use the "set" method to update an entry. 
    $this->books->find($id)
        ->update($id, $data);

    // ALSO ERROR: You must use the "set" method to update an entry. 
    $this->books
        ->whereIn('id', [$id])
        ->set($data)
        ->update();

    // AGAIN, ERROR: You must use the "set" method to update an entry. 
    $book = new Book();
    $book->update($id, $data);

    // STILL, ERROR: You must use the "set" method to update an entry. 
    $book->whereIn('id', [$id])
        ->set($data)
        ->update();

    return redirect()->to('/books');
}

有线索吗？

编辑

我忘了添加 var_dump 我们开始吧：

var_dump($id);
var_dump($data);
die;

// RESULT: ['id'] => '3'
// RESULT: ['borrower'] => 'Jane doe'

Answer 1

我的天哪！刚刚意识到我没有在 protected $allowedFields 条目中指定 borrower 字段。

// Book model.
protected $allowedFields = [
  'title',
  'content',
  'borrower' // <-- This thing was the problem, it isn't here before.
];

// Book controller.
// Now it works.
$this->books->update($id, $data);

CI4 您必须使用 "set" 方法来更新条目。已经用set了，还是报错

CI4 You must use the "set" method to update an entry. Already use set, still error

php

codeigniter