如何使用 PHP 抓取 JSON 中的嵌套字符串？

Question

我正在遍历只是 JSON 输出的电子邮件正文。我正在尝试获取单个字符串 emailAddress，但我不确定语法。我能够访问 JSON 的 Message 部分，但我尝试访问的任何其他内容，最终都会得到 Illegal string offset.

所以，如果我的 JSON 是：

 [Type] => Notification 
 [MessageId] => gibberishhere 
 [TopicArn] => arn:aws:somethingsomethingsomething 
 [Message] => {
   "notificationType":"Bounce",
   "bounce":{
     "feedbackId":"blahblahblahblahblah",
     "bounceType":"Permanent",
     "bounceSubType":"General",
     "bouncedRecipients":[{
       "emailAddress":"bounce@simulator.amazonses.com",
       "action":"failed",
       "status":"5.1.1",
       "diagnosticCode":"smtp; 550 5.1.1 user unknown"}],
     "timestamp":"2020-11-02T16:37:13.000Z",
     "remoteMtaIp":"ip.address.here",
     "reportingMTA":"dsn; somethingsomething"},
     "mail":{
       "timestamp":"2020-11-02T16:37:13.029Z",
       "source":"test@emailaddress.com",
       "sourceArn":"arn:somethingsomethingdotcom",
       "sourceIp":"ip.address.here",
       "sendingAccountId":"somethingsomething",
       "messageId":"numbersnumbersnumbers1234567890",
       "destination":["bounce@simulator.amazonses.com"]
       }
     } 
     [Timestamp] => 2020-11-02T16:37:13.677Z 
     [SignatureVersion] => 1 
     [Signature] => blahblahblah 
     [SigningCertURL] => blahblahblah 
     [UnsubscribeURL] => blahblahblah

我用这个来解码它：

$message = json_decode($message, true);
echo $message['Message'];

我得到这个输出：

{
"notificationType":"Bounce",
"bounce":{
  "feedbackId":"blahblahblahblahblah",
  "bounceType":"Permanent",
  "bounceSubType":"General",
  "bouncedRecipients":[{
    "emailAddress":"bounce@simulator.amazonses.com", <---- I NEED THIS FIELD
    "action":"failed",
    "status":"5.1.1",
    "diagnosticCode":"smtp; 550 5.1.1 user unknown"}],
  "timestamp":"2020-11-02T16:37:13.000Z",
  "remoteMtaIp":"ip.address.here",
  "reportingMTA":"dsn; e226-55.smtp-out.us-east-2.amazonses.com"},
  "mail":{
    "timestamp":"2020-11-02T16:37:13.029Z",
    "source":"test@emailaddress.com",
    "sourceArn":"arn:somethingsomethingdotcom",
    "sourceIp":"ip.address.here",
    "sendingAccountId":"somethingsomething",
    "messageId":"numbersnumbers1234567890",
    "destination":["bounce@simulator.amazonses.com"]
    }
  }

我只需要 emailAddress 字段。我需要走多远才能抓住它？我试过了

$message['Message']['bounce']、$message['Message']['emailAddress'] 和其他几个人，但他们都是 return Illegal string offset.

Answer 1

使用关联数组相对容易，如评论中所建议：

$arr = json_decode($message['Message'], true);

现在您需要做的就是引用正确的元素，遵循路径：

echo $arr['bounce']['bouncedRecipients'][0]['emailAddress'];

给出：

bounce@simulator.amazonses.com

编辑：如何引用元素 emailAddress - 解释 [0] 索引

为了更好地了解$arr的数组结构，可以使用：

echo '<pre>';
print_r($arr);
echo '</pre>';

输出：

Array
(
    [notificationType] => Bounce
    [bounce] => Array
        (
            [feedbackId] => blahblahblahblahblah
            [bounceType] => Permanent
            [bounceSubType] => General
            [bouncedRecipients] => Array
                (
                    [0] => Array
                        (
                            [emailAddress] => bounce@simulator.amazonses.com
                            [action] => failed
                            [status] => 5.1.1
                            [diagnosticCode] => smtp; 550 5.1.1 user unknown
                        )

                )

            [timestamp] => 2020-11-02T16:37:13.000Z
            [remoteMtaIp] => ip.address.here
            [reportingMTA] => dsn; e226-55.smtp-out.us-east-2.amazonses.com
        )

    [mail] => Array
        (
            [timestamp] => 2020-11-02T16:37:13.029Z
            [source] => test@emailaddress.com
            [sourceArn] => arn:somethingsomethingdotcom
            [sourceIp] => ip.address.here
            [sendingAccountId] => somethingsomething
            [messageId] => numbersnumbers1234567890
            [destination] => Array
                (
                    [0] => bounce@simulator.amazonses.com
                )

        )

)

现在您需要做的就是按照 'path' 找到您要引用的元素。 IE。对于 emailAddress 让我们反过来 'route':

emailAddress 存在于键为 [0] 的数组中（你有它，键 [0]）
键 [0] 存在于键 [bouncedRecipients]
的数组中键 [bouncedRecipients] 存在于键 [bounce]
的数组中键 [bounce] 位于数组 $arr.

的根目录中

至此，元素的路径：
['bounce']['bouncedRecipients'][0]['emailAddress']

如何使用 PHP 抓取 JSON 中的嵌套字符串？

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