Plotly-Dash：如何在 plotly dash 中为悬停功能编写交互式回调代码

Question

是否可以在破折号图形的底部有一个文本字段，显示它们所在点的文本（将悬停数据显示为纯文本）。因此，当用户将鼠标悬停在某个点上时，文本框将能够进行更改。我已经定义了一个 dcc.Graph 组件和应用程序布局，但我不确定如何定义 hoverdata 的回调函数。

我使用下面的代码来定义 dcc.Graph 和 app.layout

fig = go.Figure(data=plot_data, layout=plot_layout)

app.layout = html.Div([
    dcc.Graph(figure=fig),
    
        html.Div([
                    dcc.Markdown(id='mpg-metrics')
                ],style={'width':'20%','display':'inline-block'})
])

任何有关回调的帮助都会很棒。提前致谢

Answer 1

是的，很有可能！由于您没有提供对您的设置的完整描述，我整理了一个利用 dash.plotly.com/interactive-graphing and https://community.plotly.com/: Use Hover Trace As Input for Callback that among other things describes the use of hover data in callbacks. The code snippet below will produce the following app for JupyterDash. If you'd like to run a standard dash app, just rewrite it following .

中的元素的最小示例

我放在一起的解决方案应该完全符合您的目标。每次将鼠标悬停在其下方的 dcc.Graph component, a set of details about the trace is displayed in the html.Pre 组件中的图中其中一条线上的一个点上，例如 x 和 y 值。试试看，让我知道效果如何！

应用 1：

如果您只想检索输出的某些元素，您可以像这样对输出进行子集化：

json.dumps({'Date:':hoverData['points'][0]['x'],
            'Value:':hoverData['points'][0]['y']}, indent = 2)

应用 2：

JupyterDash 的完整代码，App1

import json
from textwrap import dedent as d
import pandas as pd
import plotly.graph_objects as go
import numpy as np
import dash
import dash_core_components as dcc
import dash_html_components as html
import plotly.express as px
from dash.dependencies import Input, Output
from jupyter_dash import JupyterDash

# app info
app = JupyterDash(__name__)

styles = {
    'pre': {
        'border': 'thin lightgrey solid',
        'overflowX': 'scroll'
    }
}

# data and basic figure
x = np.arange(20)+10

fig = go.Figure(data=go.Scatter(x=x, y=x**2, mode = 'lines+markers'))
fig.add_traces(go.Scatter(x=x, y=x**2.2, mode = 'lines+markers'))

app.layout = html.Div([
    dcc.Graph(
        id='basic-interactions',
        figure=fig,
    ),

    html.Div(className='row', children=[
        html.Div([
            dcc.Markdown(d("""
              Click on points in the graph.
            """)),
            html.Pre(id='hover-data', style=styles['pre']),
        ], className='three columns'),
    ])
])


@app.callback(
    Output('hover-data', 'children'),
    [Input('basic-interactions', 'hoverData')])
def display_hover_data(hoverData):
    return json.dumps(hoverData, indent=2)

app.run_server(mode='external', port = 8070, dev_tools_ui=True,
          dev_tools_hot_reload =True, threaded=True)

JupyterDash 的完整代码，App2

import json
from textwrap import dedent as d
import pandas as pd
import plotly.graph_objects as go
import numpy as np
import dash
import dash_core_components as dcc
import dash_html_components as html
import plotly.express as px
from dash.dependencies import Input, Output
from jupyter_dash import JupyterDash

# app info
app = JupyterDash(__name__)

styles = {
    'pre': {
        'border': 'thin lightgrey solid',
        'overflowX': 'scroll'
    }
}

# data and basic figure
y = np.arange(100)+10
x = pd.date_range(start='1/1/2021', periods=len(y))

fig = go.Figure(data=go.Scatter(x=x, y=y**2, mode = 'lines+markers'))
fig.add_traces(go.Scatter(x=x, y=y**2.2, mode = 'lines+markers'))

app.layout = html.Div([
    dcc.Graph(
        id='basic-interactions',
        figure=fig,
    ),

    html.Div(className='row', children=[
        html.Div([
            dcc.Markdown(d("""
              Click on points in the graph.
            """)),
            html.Pre(id='hover-data', style=styles['pre']),
        ], className='three columns'),
    ])
])


@app.callback(
    Output('hover-data', 'children'),
    [Input('basic-interactions', 'hoverData')])
def display_hover_data(hoverData):
    try:
        return json.dumps({'Date:':hoverData['points'][0]['x'],
                           'Value:':hoverData['points'][0]['y']}, indent = 2)
    except:
        return None

app.run_server(mode='external', port = 8070, dev_tools_ui=True,
          dev_tools_hot_reload =True, threaded=True)