使用 JOptionPane 打印句子中字母的索引位置

Question

我需要让用户输入一个句子，然后输入一个字母。然后程序应该打印出句子包含多少个字母。还有索引位置用户输入的指定字符。我的问题是我不知道如何找到那个角色的位置。

注意：我在网上搜索了答案。

import javax.swing.*;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String sentence;                //Store the users senctence
        String sentence2;               //Stores the letter that the user wants to count.
        int index;
        sentence = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Write a sentence");
        sentence2 = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Write a letter");

        int sLenght = 0;
        int countCha = sentence2.indexOf(sentence2);

        if (sentence == null || sentence.equals(""))
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "You need to input a sentence to continue");
        else {

            for (int i = 0; i < sentence.length(); i++) {
                if (sentence.charAt(i) != 1)
                    sLenght++;
            }

            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "The sentence contains" + " " + sLenght +
                    " " + "characters" + "\n" + "Tecknet" + " " + sentence2 + " " + "occurs" + sentence.indexOf(sentence2) + " " + "times");
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

如果只想显示找到字符的第一个索引，可以使用 String#indexOf(int ch). If you want to display all the positions where the letter occurs in the sentence, you can use String#indexOf(String str, int fromIndex)。

演示：

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String sentence = "Hello world!";
        char ch = 'l';
        int index = sentence.indexOf(ch);
        if (index != -1) {
            System.out.println("The first occurance of '" + ch + "' is at " + index);
        } else {
            System.out.println("The letter, '" + ch + "'does not exist in the sentence");
        }

        // All positions
        System.out.println("All positions: ");
        int fromIndex = 0, count = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < sentence.length(); i++) {
            index = sentence.indexOf(ch, fromIndex);
            if (index != -1) {
                System.out.println("'" + ch + "' was found at " + index);
                fromIndex = index + 1;
                count++;
            }
        }
        if (count == 0) {
            System.out.println("The letter, '" + ch + "'does not exist in the sentence");
        }
    }
}

输出：

The first occurance of 'l' is at 2
All positions: 
'l' was found at 2
'l' was found at 3
'l' was found at 9

或者，您可以使用String#charAt:

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String sentence = "Hello world!";
        char ch = 'l';
        int count = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < sentence.length(); i++) {
            if (sentence.charAt(i) == ch) {
                System.out.println("'" + ch + "' was found at " + i);
                count++;
            }
        }
        if (count == 0) {
            System.out.println("The letter, '" + ch + "'does not exist in the sentence");
        }
    }
}

输出：

'l' was found at 2
'l' was found at 3
'l' was found at 9

您也可以将所有位置添加到一个List<Integer>并显示相同。

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String sentence = "Hello world!";
        char ch = 'l';
        List<Integer> positions = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < sentence.length(); i++) {
            if (sentence.charAt(i) == ch) {
                positions.add(i);
            }
        }
        if (positions.size() == 0) {
            System.out.println("The letter, '" + ch + "'does not exist in the sentence");
        } else {
            System.out.println("The positions where '" + ch + "' was found is/are " + positions);
        }
    }
}

输出：

The positions where 'l' was found is/are [2, 3, 9]

Answer 2

将句子拆分成单个字母并检查它们。如果匹配，将其添加到将返回的某个列表中。

public List<Integer> findOccurences(String letter, String sentence){
    List<Integer> positions = new ArrayList<>();
    String[] letters = sentence.split("");
    for(int i = 0; i<letters.length; i++){
        if(letter.equals(letters[i])){
            positions.add(i);
        }
    }
    return positions;
}

然后用

调用它

List<Integer> occurenceList = findOccurences(sentence2, sentence);

使用 JOptionPane 打印句子中字母的索引位置

Print index position of letter from sentence using JOptionPane

java

joptionpane