Selenium Python - 下载文件时出现问题，首选项不起作用

Question

使用 selenium 时，我无法设置自动下载 CSV 文件的配置文件。

除其他外，我尝试了以下问题中提供的解决方案：

How do I automatically download files from a pop up dialog using selenium-python
https://sqa.stackexchange.com/questions/2197/how-to-download-a-file-using-seleniums-webdriver

在我的“常规 firefox”上，我可以设置自动下载规则，它有效，但是当 geckodriver 运行 firefox 时，这个 rule/profile 不适用。

我有管理员权限。当我读到另一个问题时，我在 firefox 中的橙色条是通过 webdriver 控制它的结果。

这是我的代码示例：

profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
profile.set_preference("browser.download.panel.shown", False)
profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.openFile","text/csv,application/vnd.ms-excel")
profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk", "CSV File,text/csv,application/vnd.ms-excel")
profile.set_preference("browser.download.folderList", 2);
profile.set_preference("browser.download.dir", "F:\Delete")
driver=webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=profile)

1.你们能帮我理解我错过了什么吗？

2。如何自动下载 CSV 文件？

Answer 1

我一直在使用以下逻辑并在 Java 为我工作，您可以轻松地将其移植到 python。

FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();

        // set the download folder directory
        profile.setPreference("browser.download.dir", this.getDownloadFolderPath());

        // the last folder specified for a download
        profile.setPreference("browser.download.folderList", 2);

        // hide Download Manager window when a download begins
        profile.setPreference("browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting", false);

        /**
         This is the most important setting that will make sure the pdf is downloaded
         without any prompt
         */
        profile.setPreference("pdfjs.disabled", true);

        profile.setPreference("pref.downloads.disable_button.edit_actions", false);
        profile.setPreference("media.navigator.permission.disabled", true);

        // A comma-separated list of MIME types to save to disk without asking what to
        // use to open the file.
        profile.setPreference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk",
                "application/pdf,application/msword, application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document, application/zip,text/csv,text/plain,application/x-msexcel,application/excel,application/x-excel,application/vnd.ms-excel,image/png,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet;octet/stream");

        // A comma-separated list of MIME types to open directly without asking for
        // confirmation.
        profile.setPreference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.openFile",
                "application/pdf,application/msword, application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document, application/zip,text/csv,text/plain,application/x-msexcel,application/excel,application/x-excel,application/vnd.ms-excel,image/png,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet;octet/stream");

        // Do not ask what to do with an unknown MIME type
        profile.setPreference("browser.helperApps.alwaysAsk.force", false);

        // Leave the window in the background when starting a download (Default Setting
        // is false)
        profile.setPreference("browser.download.manager.focusWhenStarting", false);

        // popup window at bottom right corner of the screen will not appear once all
        // downloads are finished.
        profile.setPreference("browser.download.manager.showAlertOnComplete", true);

        // Close the Download Manager when all downloads are complete
        profile.setPreference("browser.download.manager.closeWhenDone", true);

        FirefoxOptions options = new FirefoxOptions();
        options.setProfile(profile);

确保在创建驱动程序实例时使用 options。如果您仍然面临这个问题，请告诉我。

Answer 2

我在一些 CSV 上测试了你的代码，我不得不使用 application/octet-stream 因为有时服务器可能会发送不同类型的文件。

我记得 application/octet-stream 是网页上强制下载的流行方法 - 特别是对于 PDF - 因为某些用户可能在浏览器中设置了内置显示 PDF查看器而不是下载。

带有示例的最小工作代码CSV

from selenium import webdriver

url = 'https://data.europa.eu/euodp/pl/data/dataset/covid-19-coronavirus-data'

profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
profile.set_preference("browser.download.panel.shown", False)
profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.openFile","text/csv,application/vnd.ms-excel,application/octet-stream")
profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk", "CSV File,text/csv,application/vnd.ms-excel")
profile.set_preference("browser.download.folderList", 2);
profile.set_preference("browser.download.dir", "/home/furas/")
driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=profile)

driver.get(url)

item = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//div[@id="dataset-resources"]//li[2]//a')
print('text:', item.text)
print('href:', item.get_attribute('href'))
item.click()

编辑： 对于其他用户：它还需要 binary/octet-stream

Selenium Python - 下载文件时出现问题，首选项不起作用

Selenium Python - problem with downloading file, preferences are not working

python

firefox

selenium

python-3.x

selenium-webdriver