如何解决 python 请求 SSL 和代理错误？

Question

发送带有身份验证的请求时，我收到一个 requests.exceptions.SSLError 错误，您可以在下面查看。

proxies = { 'https' : "http://user:pass@ip:port/" } 

url = "https://httpbin.org/ip"

numberResponse = requests.get(url,proxies=proxies).text

print(numberResponse)

requests.exceptions.SSLError

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 696, in urlopen       
    self._prepare_proxy(conn)
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 964, in _prepare_proxy
    conn.connect()
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connection.py", line 359, in connect
    conn = self._connect_tls_proxy(hostname, conn)
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connection.py", line 496, in _connect_tls_proxy
    return ssl_wrap_socket(
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\ssl_.py", line 428, in ssl_wrap_socket
    ssl_sock = _ssl_wrap_socket_impl(
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\ssl_.py", line 472, in _ssl_wrap_socket_impl
    return ssl_context.wrap_socket(sock, server_hostname=server_hostname)
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\ssl.py", line 500, in wrap_socket
    return self.sslsocket_class._create(
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\ssl.py", line 1040, in _create
    self.do_handshake()
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\ssl.py", line 1309, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
ssl.SSLEOFError: EOF occurred in violation of protocol (_ssl.c:1125)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 439, in send
    resp = conn.urlopen(
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 755, in urlopen
    retries = retries.increment(
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\retry.py", line 573, in increment
    raise MaxRetryError(_pool, url, error or ResponseError(cause))
urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='httpbin.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /ip (Caused by SSLError(SSLEOFError(8, 'EOF occurred in violation of protocol (_ssl.c:1125)')))

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:/Users/K_Yuk/OneDrive/Desktop/Gmail generator/test.py", line 15, in <module>
    numberResponse = requests.get(url,proxies=proxies).text
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 76, in get
    return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 61, in request
    return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 542, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 655, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 514, in send
    raise SSLError(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='httpbin.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /ip (Caused by SSLError(SSLEOFError(8, 'EOF occurred in violation of protocol (_ssl.c:1125)')))

然后我厌倦了 verify=False 作为 requests.get() 参数之一，但随后得到一个 requests.exceptions.ProxyError 错误，您可以在下面看到：

proxies = { 'https' : "http://user:pass@10.10.1.10:3128/"} 

url = "https://httpbin.org/ip"

numberResponse = requests.get(url,proxies=proxies,verify=False).text

print(numberResponse)

requests.exceptions.ProxyError

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 696, in urlopen       
    self._prepare_proxy(conn)
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 964, in _prepare_proxy
    conn.connect()
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connection.py", line 359, in connect
    conn = self._connect_tls_proxy(hostname, conn)
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connection.py", line 496, in _connect_tls_proxy
    return ssl_wrap_socket(
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\ssl_.py", line 428, in ssl_wrap_socket
    ssl_sock = _ssl_wrap_socket_impl(
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\ssl_.py", line 472, in _ssl_wrap_socket_impl
    return ssl_context.wrap_socket(sock, server_hostname=server_hostname)
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\ssl.py", line 500, in wrap_socket
    return self.sslsocket_class._create(
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\ssl.py", line 1040, in _create
    self.do_handshake()
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\ssl.py", line 1309, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 439, in send
    resp = conn.urlopen(
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py", line 755, in urlopen
    retries = retries.increment(
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\urllib3\util\retry.py", line 573, in increment
    raise MaxRetryError(_pool, url, error or ResponseError(cause))
urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='httpbin.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /ip (Caused by ProxyError('Cannot connect to proxy.', FileNotFoundError(2, 'No such file or directory')))

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:/Users/K_Yuk/OneDrive/Desktop/Gmail generator/test.py", line 15, in <module>
    numberResponse = requests.get(url,proxies=proxies,verify=False).text
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 76, in get
    return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 61, in request
    return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 542, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 655, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\K_Yuk\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 510, in send
    raise ProxyError(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.ProxyError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='httpbin.org', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /ip (Caused by ProxyError('Cannot connect to proxy.', FileNotFoundError(2, 'No such file or directory')))

我厌倦了寻找答案，但似乎没有任何效果。我无法通过代理发送请求验证。有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

问题很可能不是身份验证。遗憾的是，您没有提供代理配置的详细信息以及用于代理的 URL。您唯一提供的是：

proxies = { 'https' : eampleIpWithAuth }

根据堆栈跟踪中对 _connect_tls_proxy 的引用，eampleIpWithAuth 很可能类似于 https://...，即您尝试通过 HTTPS 访问代理本身。请注意，通过通过 HTTPS 访问代理不同于使用HTTP 代理通过 HTTPS。当通过 HTTPS 代理访问 HTTPS URL 时，基本上会对代理进行双重加密：

client --- [HTTPS wrapped inside HTTPS] --- proxy --- [HTTPS] --- server

而在“普通”HTTP 代理上使用 HTTPS URL 时，只有单一加密，即它看起来（简化）如下：

client --- [HTTPS wrapped inside HTTP]  --- proxy --- [HTTPS] --- server

很可能您要使用的代理是普通 HTTP 代理，而不是 HTTPS 代理。这实际上是最常见的情况。

发生错误是因为代理无法使用 TLS，但可以通过 TLS 访问。解决方法是使用 http://proxy 而不是 https://proxy 作为代理地址。请注意，后者在旧版本的 Python 中工作，因为不支持通过 HTTPS 代理并且协议的值 https:// 与 http://.

相同

Answer 2

我在 python 3.9 版本的脚本中遇到了类似的问题。当我尝试从网络服务器获取一些数据时，我遇到了像 Your:

这样的异常

urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError

简单地添加这一行来配置您的请求

import requests
import urllib3
requests.packages.urllib3.util.ssl_.DEFAULT_CIPHERS = 'ALL:@SECLEVEL=1'

希望这能帮助您解决问题

如何解决 python 请求 SSL 和代理错误？

How to get around python requests SSL and proxy error?

python

ssl

proxy

python-requests