JavaScript跳转功能失败,找不到错误

JavaScript jump function failing, cannot find error

我在 JavaScript、CSS 和 HTML 中开始了一个简单的游戏,并且在我创建跳跃功能之前游戏一直在运行。单击时,字符元素(由 css 生成的绿色矩形)应该跳跃。相反,它是静止的,不会移动。

最初,我有这个代码:

.animate{
    animation: jump 500ms;
}

在角色的CSS中,它在没有任何用户交互的情况下连续跳跃。

我做错了什么?我认为这与此有关:

 function jump(){
        character.classList.add("animate");
        setTimeout(function(){
            character.classList.remove("animate");
        },500);
    }

如能指出错误,并提供新代码和关于 setTimeout 函数工作原理的清晰解释,我将不胜感激。 setTimeout 是现有的内置方法吗?如果是,我们在哪里可以找到有关这些内容的文档?

代码

var character = document.getElementById("character");
var enemy = document.getElementById("enemy");

//adding the animate function in the css here, so it is applied to our character
function jump() {
  character.classList.add("animate");
  setTimeout(function() {
    character.classList.remove("animate");
  }, 500);
}
* {
  padding: 0;
  margin: 22;
}

#game {
  width: 500px;
  height: 500px;
  border: 1px solid #319b4e;
}

#character {
  width: 30px;
  height: 120px;
  background-color: green;
  position: relative;
  top: 380px;
  border-radius: 20px;
  /*animation: jump 500ms */
}


/* new class called animate */

.animate {
  animation: jump 500ms;
}

#enemy {
  width: 60px;
  height: 60px;
  background-color: red;
  border-radius: 14px;
  position: relative;
  top: 320px;
  left: 440px;
  animation: moveenemy 1s infinite linear;
}

@keyframes moveenemy {
  0% {
    left: 440px;
  }
  50% {
    top: 58px;
  }
  100% {
    left: 0px;
    top: 320x;
  }
}

@keyframes jump {
  0% {
    top: 380px;
  }
  30% {
    top: 200px;
  }
  50% {
    top: 200px;
  }
  100% {
    top: 380px;
  }
}
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en" onclick="jump()">

<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Document</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">

</head>

<body>
  <h1>Game</h1>
  <p>My first ever game</p>
  <p>We all have an enemy</p>


  <div id="game">

    <div id="character"></div>
    <div id="enemy"></div>

  </div>
  <script src="script.js"></script>
</body>

</html>

问题是,在复制代码并测试之后,这个术语 document.getElementById 拼写为小写 b,如 document.getElementbyId,这两行应改为:

var character = document.getElementById("character");
var enemy = document.getElementById("enemy");`

至于setTimeout,它是一个内置函数,在一定时间后(在第二个参数中指定)执行一个函数(在第一个参数中提供),这个函数在后台运行,所以它不会阻止其他事情的发生。

For more information on setTimeout(刚开始学习的时候用过这个网站html等....)

如果您想将其更改为向上箭头,只需添加一个 event listener 来检查 keyup 事件,并检查键码是否与向上箭头 (38) 和其他键的键码匹配可以通过 console.loging 事件的 keyCode 来检查,所以在你的 JavaScript 的某个地方,做

addEventListener("keyup", function(e) {
    if(e.keyCode == 38) jump()
})

所以...

整个片段是

var character = document.getElementById("character");
var enemy = document.getElementById("enemy");

//adding the animate function in the css here, so it is applied to our character
function jump(){
    character.classList.add("animate");
    setTimeout(function(){
        character.classList.remove("animate");
    },500);
}

addEventListener("keyup", function(e) {
    if(e.keyCode == 38) jump()
})
*{
    padding:0;
    margin:22;
}

#game{
    width:500px;
    height:500px;
    border:1px solid #319b4e;
}

#character{
    width:30px;
    height:120px;
    background-color:green;
    position:relative;
    top:380px;
    border-radius:20px;
    /*animation: jump 500ms */
    
}

/* new class called animate */
.animate{
    animation: jump 500ms;
}

#enemy{
    width:60px;
    height:60px;
    background-color:red;
    border-radius:14px;
    position:relative;
    top:320px;
    left:440px;
    animation: moveenemy 1s infinite linear;
    
}

@keyframes moveenemy{
    0%{left:440px;}
    50%{top:58px;}
    100%{left:0px; top:320x;}
}

@keyframes jump{
    0%{top:380px;}
    30%{top:200px;}
    50%{top:200px;}
    100%{top:380px;}
}
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en" onclick="jump()">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Document</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
    
</head>
<body>
  <h1>Game</h1>
  <p>My first ever game</p>
  <p>We all have an enemy</p>
   
   
   <div id="game">
       
       <div id="character"></div>
       <div id="enemy"></div>
      
   </div>
<script src="script.js"></script>
</body>

</html>

正在工作

问题是:你写 document.getElementbyId("character") 但字符 b 的 getElementbyid 很小所以它通过错误 所以正确的是 document.getElementById("character")

    var character = document.getElementById("character");
var enemy = document.getElementById("enemy");

//adding the animate function in the css here, so it is applied to our character
function jump(){
    character.classList.add("animate");
    setTimeout(function(){
        character.classList.remove("animate");
    },500);
}
*{
    padding:0;
    margin:22;
}

#game{
    width:500px;
    height:500px;
    border:1px solid #319b4e;
}

#character{
    width:30px;
    height:120px;
    background-color:green;
    position:relative;
    top:380px;
    border-radius:20px;
    /*animation: jump 500ms */
    
}

/* new class called animate */
.animate{
    animation: jump 500ms;
}

#enemy{
    width:60px;
    height:60px;
    background-color:red;
    border-radius:14px;
    position:relative;
    top:320px;
    left:440px;
    animation: moveenemy 1s infinite linear;
    
}

@keyframes moveenemy{
    0%{left:440px;}
    50%{top:58px;}
    100%{left:0px; top:320x;}
}

@keyframes jump{
    0%{top:380px;}
    30%{top:200px;}
    50%{top:200px;}
    100%{top:380px;}
}
<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en" onclick="jump()">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Document</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
    
</head>
<body>
  <h1>Game</h1>
  <p>My first ever game</p>
  <p>We all have an enemy</p>
   
   
   <div id="game">
       
       <div id="character"></div>
       <div id="enemy"></div>
      
   </div>
<script src="script.js"></script>
</body>

</html>

Is setTimeout an existing inbuilt method, and if so where do we find documentation on these things?

  • 是的,setTimeout 是一种内置方法。您可以在此处了解更多信息 MDN Web Docs.

how the setTimeout function works

  • 因此,setTimeout 方法接受一个 function/code 和一个延迟(以毫秒为单位),之后它将执行它。参考上面link.

它将事件带入事件循环,使其成为异步调用。

稍后我会查看代码并回复您! :D

收藏MDN Web Docs,真的好用!