相机无法检测 python 中的多种颜色

Question

我正在尝试让我的相机检测红色和绿色。现在它可以成功检测到其中一种颜色，但无法检测到两种颜色。

ball_color=('red','green')

如果我将其更改为 ball_color=('red') 或 ball_color=('green') 它可以工作，但是当我输入 ball_color=('red','green') 时出现错误。

我在底部添加了错误代码。非常感谢！

import cv2
import numpy as np


ball_color=('red','green')

color_dist = {'red': {'Lower': np.array([0, 60, 60]), 'Upper': np.array([10, 255, 255])},
             'green': {'Lower': np.array([35, 43, 35]), 'Upper': np.array([90, 255, 255])},
             }

cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
cv2.namedWindow('camera', cv2.WINDOW_AUTOSIZE)

while cap.isOpened():
   ret, frame = cap.read()
   if ret:
       if frame is not None:
           gs_frame = cv2.GaussianBlur(frame, (5, 5), 0)                     # 高斯模糊
           hsv = cv2.cvtColor(gs_frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)                 # 转化成HSV图像
           erode_hsv = cv2.erode(hsv, None, iterations=2)                   # 腐蚀 粗的变细
           inRange_hsv = cv2.inRange(erode_hsv, color_dist[ball_color]['Lower'], color_dist[ball_color]['Upper'])
           cnts = cv2.findContours(inRange_hsv.copy(), cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)[-2]

           c = max(cnts, key=cv2.contourArea)
           rect = cv2.minAreaRect(c)
           box = cv2.boxPoints(rect)
           cv2.drawContours(frame, [np.int0(box)], -1, (0, 255, 255), 2)

           cv2.imshow('camera', frame)
           cv2.waitKey(1)
    

cap.release()
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

错误代码如下：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/fangyaoting/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/顏色辨識.py", line 21, in <module>
    inRange_hsv = cv2.inRange(erode_hsv, color_dist[ball_color]['Lower'], color_dist[ball_color]['Upper'])
KeyError: ('red', 'green')

Answer 1

我认为可能是灵魂：

import cv2
import numpy as np


ball_color=('red','green')

color_dist = {'red': {'Lower': np.array([-10, 100, 100]), 'Upper': np.array([10, 255, 255])},
             'green': {'Lower': np.array([35, 43, 35]), 'Upper': np.array([90, 255, 255])},
             }

cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
cv2.namedWindow('camera', cv2.WINDOW_AUTOSIZE)

while cap.isOpened():
    ret, frame = cap.read()
    if ret:
        if frame is not None:
            gs_frame = cv2.GaussianBlur(frame, (5, 5), 0)                     # 高斯模糊
            hsv = cv2.cvtColor(gs_frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)                 # 转化成HSV图像
            erode_hsv = cv2.erode(hsv, None, iterations=2)                   # 腐蚀 粗的变细
            b_shape = hsv.shape[0], hsv.shape[1], 1
            inRange_hsv = np.zeros(b_shape, hsv.dtype)
            for i in ball_color:
                inRange_hsv_tmp = cv2.inRange(erode_hsv, color_dist[i]['Lower'], color_dist[i]['Upper'])
                inRange_hsv = cv2.bitwise_or(inRange_hsv, inRange_hsv_tmp)
            cnts = cv2.findContours(inRange_hsv.copy(), cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)[-2]

            if len(cnts) > 0:
                c = max(cnts, key=cv2.contourArea)
                rect = cv2.minAreaRect(c)
                box = cv2.boxPoints(rect)
                cv2.drawContours(frame, [np.int0(box)], -1, (0, 255, 255), 2)
    
            cv2.imshow('camera', frame)
            cv2.waitKey(1)
        else:
            print("無畫面")
    else:
        print("無法讀取鏡頭！")

cap.release()
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

您尝试将字符串元组作为参数传递给 cv2.inRange，它可以使用长度为 1 的元组，但不能使用更多参数。所以你应该迭代它们并分别对每种颜色使用 cv2.inRange 然后对它们使用 cv2.bitwise_or 到 'concat' 二值图像。
关于cnts：有时找不到任何轮廓，所以你应该使用if语句来控制它。
编辑：在这一行 inRange_hsv = cv2.bitwise_or(inRange_hsv, inRange_hsv_tmp)

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