如何模拟 python3 中另一个模块的变量？

Question

下面是我的源代码

#src.py
from common.configs import MANDATORY_FIELDS

def check_mf():
   if set(MANDATORY_FIELDS).issubset(['a','b','c']):
      return True
   else:
      raise Exception("Error in mandatory fields")

这是我的测试代码

#test_src.py
from unittest import TestCase, main, mock
from src import check_mf

class TestMailSenderUtil(TestCase):
  def test_method(self):
      with mock.patch('src.MANDATORY_FIELDS') as mocked_mf:
           mocked_mf.return_value = ['a','b','c','d']
           self.assertRaises(ValidationException, check_mf)

当我运行此代码时，测试未通过。它抛出一个错误说

AssertionError: ValidationException not raised by check_mf

为什么会出现此错误？仅供参考，当我尝试在 src.py 文件中打印 MANDATORY_FIELDS 而运行宁单元测试时，我得到了这个

<MagicMock name='MANDATORY_FIELDS' id='139766761401144'>

为什么模拟在这里不起作用？

Answer 1

变量 MANDATORY_FIELDS 没有 return_value。只需将 new 值作为 patch().

的第二个参数传递

例如(Python 3.9.2)

src.py:

from configs import MANDATORY_FIELDS

class ValidationException(Exception):
    pass

def check_mf():
    print(MANDATORY_FIELDS)
    if set(MANDATORY_FIELDS).issubset(['a', 'b', 'c']):
        return True
    else:
        raise ValidationException("Error in mandatory fields")

configs.py:

MANDATORY_FIELDS=['a']

test_src.py:

from unittest import TestCase, main, mock
from src import check_mf, ValidationException


class TestMailSenderUtil(TestCase):
    def test_method(self):
        with mock.patch('src.MANDATORY_FIELDS', ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']) as mocked_mf:
            self.assertRaises(ValidationException, check_mf)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

单元测试结果：

['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.000s

OK
Name                                     Stmts   Miss  Cover   Missing
----------------------------------------------------------------------
src/Whosebug/68162471/configs.py        1      0   100%
src/Whosebug/68162471/src.py            8      1    88%   9
src/Whosebug/68162471/test_src.py       8      0   100%
----------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL                                       17      1    94%

如何模拟 python3 中另一个模块的变量？

How to mock a variable from another module in python3?

python-unittest

python-unittest.mock