使用一对一关系在 UserDetail Table 中保存用户详细信息 Django Rest API

Question

我是 django 的新手。我试图通过遵循 Django 文档使用一对一关系将用户详细信息保存在另一个 table 中，但给我一个错误

Models.py

class UserDetails(models.Model):
    user=models.OneToOneField(User,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    phone=models.CharField(max_length=10)
    address=models.CharField(max_length=200,default="")
    created=models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    updated=models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    objects=models.Manager()
    def __str__(self):
         return self.user.username

@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
    if created:
         UserDetails.objects.create(user=instance,phone="",address="")
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def save_user_profile(sender, instance, **kwargs):
    instance.userdetails.save()

Serializer.py

class UserDetailsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = UserDetails
        fields= ['phone','address']
class CreateUserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    user=UserDetailsSerializer()
    class Meta:
        model =User
        fields=['id','url','username','email','password','user']

    def create(self, validated_data):
        user_data=validated_data.pop('user')
        user=User.objects.create(**validated_data)
        UserDetails.objects.create(user=user,**user_data)          
    return user

当我在 serializer.py user=UserDetailsSerializer(read_only=True) 中写上面时，否则会出现以下错误

尝试在序列化程序 CreateUserSerializer 上获取字段 user 的值时出现 AttributeError。序列化程序字段的命名可能不正确，并且与 User 实例上的任何属性或键都不匹配。原始异常文本为：'User' 对象没有属性 'user'.

我找到了一种让它工作的方法，但我必须手动定义每个字段，但我希望上面的序列化器工作

Working Serializer.py

class CreateUserSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    last_login=serializers.ReadOnlyField()
    date_joined=serializers.ReadOnlyField()
    phone=serializers.CharField(source='userdetails.phone')
    address=serializers.CharField(source='userdetails.address')
    updated=serializers.ReadOnlyField(source='userdetails.updated')
    # password=serializers.CharField(style={'input_type':'password'},write_only=True)
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields=['id','first_name','last_name','username','password','phone','address','url','email','is_superuser','is_staff','last_login','date_joined','updated']
    extra_kwargs={
        'password':{'write_only':True},
    }

def create(self, validated_data):
    userdetails_data=validated_data.pop('userdetails')
    user=User.objects.create_user(**validated_data)
    user.userdetails.phone=userdetails_data.get('phone')
    user.userdetails.address=userdetails_data.get('address')
    user.save()
    return user

Edit1：根据 bdbd 在评论中的建议，我在 CreateUserSeriailzer 中用 userdetails 替换了 user 它解决了 属性错误 但是在创建用户时出错：

(1062, "密钥 'apis_userdetails.user_id' 的重复条目 '106'")

所以我替换了UserDetails.objects.create(user=user,**user_data) user.userdetails.phone=user_data.get('phone') user.userdetails.address=user_data.get('address')

如果有人知道如何进一步减少此代码，请告诉我，因为我需要在 UserDetails Table 中创建很多列，所以我不想手动添加每个列中的每个值

Updated Serializer.py (1st One)

class CreateUserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    #user=UserDetailsSerializer()
    userdetails=UserDetailsSerializer()
    class Meta:
        model =User
        fields=['id','url','username','email','password','userdetails']

    def create(self, validated_data):
        user_data=validated_data.pop('userdetails')
        user=User.objects.create_user(**validated_data)
        # UserDetails.objects.create(user=user,**user_data)
        user.userdetails.phone=user_data.get('phone')
        user.userdetails.address=user_data.get('address')
        user.save()
        return user

Answer 1

试试这个：如果您选择不使用信号：

def create(self, validated_data):
    userdetails_data = validated_data.pop('userdetails')
    user = User.objects.create_user(**validated_data)
    UserDetails.objects.create(user=user, **userdetails_data)
    return user

如果您选择使用信号：

def create(self, validated_data):
    user_data = validated_data.pop('userdetails')
    user = User.objects.create_user(**validated_data)
    user.userdetails.phone = user_data.get('phone')
    user.userdetails.address = user_data.get('address')
    user.userdetails.save()
    return user

使用一对一关系在 UserDetail Table 中保存用户详细信息 Django Rest API

Saving User details in UserDetail Table using One-To-One Relation Django Rest API

python

django

rest

serialization

django-rest-framework