如何访问 Django 模板中的字典列表

Question

我是 Django 的新手，通过观看几个教程实现了 post-api 调用，其中一个字段获取字典列表，想要访问中的键值对Django 模板，而不是逐个字符获取字符，我是否必须更改 Message 字段的 models.py 中的定义或在 views.py 中使用 JSON parser？如何解决这个问题有问题吗？

models.py

class Leads(models.Model):
    Name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    Mobile = models.CharField(max_length=13)
    Email = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    Message = models.CharField(max_length=300)
    created_on = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now())
    modified_on = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now())

上述 api 调用的示例输入为：

   Name = rakesh
   Mobile = 1234567890
   Email = email@mail.com
   Message = [{'key': 'some text', 'value': 'some value'}, {'key': 'some text', 'value': 'some value'}]

这就是我的 api 记录存储在数据库中的方式

views.py

@api_view(["POST"])
def userLeads(request):
    try:
        if request.method == 'POST':
            Name = request.data['Name']
            Email = request.data['Email']
            Mobile = request.data['Mobile']
            Message = request.data['Message']   

            datainsertion = models.Leads(Name = Name, Email = Email, Mobile = Mobile,Message= Message)
            datainsertion.save()
            content = {'Leads_Status': 'Created'}
            return Response(content, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
    except Exception as e:
        print (e)
        content = {'Order_Status': 'Failed'}
        return Response(content, status=status.HTTP_424_FAILED_DEPENDENCY)

Views.py

def chat_Leads_view(request):

    user_list = models.Leads.objects.all().order_by('-id')
    myFilter = UserFilter(request.GET, queryset=user_list)
    user_list = myFilter.qs
           
    page = request.GET.get('page', 1)
    paginator = Paginator(user_list, 5)
    
    try:
        users = paginator.page(page)
        
    except PageNotAnInteger:
        users = paginator.page(1)
        
    except EmptyPage:
        users = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages)
    
    segment = 'leads'
    context = {
        "users": users,
        "segment":segment,
        "myFilter":myFilter
        
    }   
    
    return render(request, "leads.html", context)

template.html

   {%for user in users %}
     <tr>                                                
         <td>{{user.Name}}</td>
         <td>{{user.Mobile}}</td>
         <td>{{user.Email}}</td>
         <td>{{user.Message}}</td>
     </tr>
   {%endfor%}

如果我像上面那样尝试，那么输出是

rakesh  1234567890  emaik@mail.com  [{'key': 'some text', 'value': 'some value'}, {'key': 'some text', 'value': 'some value'}]

如果我为 Message 字段添加另一个循环，则 Message 字段不会显示任何输出：

   {%for user in users %}
     <tr>                                                
         <td>{{user.Name}}</td>
         <td>{{user.Mobile}}</td>
         <td>{{user.Email}}</td>
   {%for i in user.Message %}
         <td>{{i.key}}</td>
         <td>{{i.value}}</td>
   {%endfor%}
     </tr>
   {%endfor%}

输出：按字符串显示字符串

rakesh  1234567890  emaik@mail.com

如果我这样尝试的话：

{%for user in users %}
         <tr>                                                
             <td>{{user.Name}}</td>
             <td>{{user.Mobile}}</td>
             <td>{{user.Email}}</td>
       {%for i in user.Message %}
             <td>{{i}}</td>
       {%endfor%}
         </tr>
       {%endfor%}

输出：

rakesh  1234567890  emaik@mail.com  [ { ' k e y ' : ' s o m e t e x t ' , ' v a l u e ' : 's o m e v a l u e ' }, { ' k e y ' :  ' s o m e t e x t ' , ' v a l u e ' : ' s o m e v a l u e ' } ]

我想要的 Django 模板方式是：

rakesh  1234567890  emaik@mail.com  key:value 
                                    key: value

Answer 1

您的消息不是字典列表。它只是一个包含一些数据的字符串，看起来像字典列表。

您可能应该将其更改为 JsonField [Django-doc]:

class Leads(models.Model):
    Name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    Mobile = models.CharField(max_length=13)
    Email = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    Message = models.<strong>JSONField()</strong>
    created_on = models.DateTimeField(<strong>auto_now_add=True</strong>)
    modified_on = models.DateTimeField(<strong>auto_now=True</strong>)

并用数据重新填充数据库。在这种情况下，访问该消息确实会 return 一个字典列表，然后您可以使用该列表呈现：

<td>
{% for item in user.Message %}
    {{ item<strong>.key</strong> }}<br>
    {{ item<strong>.value</strong> }}
{% endfor %}
</td>

Note: normally a Django model is given a singular name, so Lead instead of ~~Leads~~.

Note: normally the name of the fields in a Django model are written in snake_case, not PascalCase, so it should be: message instead of ~~Message~~.

Note: Django's DateTimeField [Django-doc] has a auto_now_add=… parameter [Django-doc] to work with timestamps. This will automatically assign the current datetime when creating the object, and mark it as non-editable (editable=False), such that it does not appear in ModelForms by default.

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