如何使用 ASP.NET Core MVC 中的视图模型更新我的 3 个表（我已经有了 Create）

Question

所以首先，我有家长表、学生表和当年学生表，一个学生显然需要一个家长，所以需要在其他表之前先添加。 我的问题是如何使用我的 ViewModel 更改 Edit/UpdateStudent 操作结果以编辑数据库中的数据。

这是我的视图模型：

 public class StudentParentViewModel
    {

        //parent
        public int ParentID { get; set; }
        public string Title { get; set; }
        public int Contact_Number { get; set; }
        public Nullable<int> Alt_Contact_Number { get; set; }
        public string Email_Address { get; set; }
        public string Home_Address { get; set; }
        public int ParentTypeID { get; set; }
        public string Parent_Name { get; set; }
        public string Parent_Middle_Name { get; set; }
        public string Parent_Surame { get; set; }
        public long PID_Number { get; set; }

        //student
        public int StudentID { get; set; }
        public System.DateTime DoB { get; set; }
        public string Gender { get; set; }
        public bool Remember { get; set; }
        public int Student_TypeID { get; set; }
        public string Student_Name { get; set; }
        public string Student_Middle_Name { get; set; }
        public string Student_Lastname { get; set; }
        public long SID_Number { get; set; }

        //current year student
        public int CurrentYearStudentID { get; set; }
        public Nullable<int> GradeID { get; set; }
        public Nullable<int> ClassID { get; set; }
        public Nullable<int> YearID { get; set; }
    }

这是我的创建，用户在其中将上述 3 个实体添加到它们在数据库中的相关表中，所有这些都是一对一的视图。

这是我的创建操作方法

  // GET: Students/Create
        public ActionResult RegisterStudent()
        {
            ThorntreeDatabaseEntities db = new ThorntreeDatabaseEntities();
            ViewBag.ParentTypeID = new SelectList(db.ParentTypes, "Parent_TypeID", "Parent_Type");
            ViewBag.Student_TypeID = new SelectList(db.StudentTypes, "Student_TypeID", "Student_Type");
            ViewBag.ClassID = new SelectList(db.Classes, "ClassID", "Class_Name");
            ViewBag.GradeID = new SelectList(db.Grades, "GradeID", "Grade_Name");
            ViewBag.YearID = new SelectList(db.Years, "YearID", "Year1");
            return View();
        }

        // POST: Students/Create
        // To protect from overposting attacks, enable the specific properties you want to bind to, for 
        // more details see https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=317598.
        [HttpPost]
        [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]

        public ActionResult RegisterStudent(StudentParentViewModel studentParentViewModel)
        {

            ThorntreeDatabaseEntities db = new ThorntreeDatabaseEntities();
            List<Class> ClassList = db.Classes.ToList();
            ViewBag.ClassID = new SelectList(ClassList, "ClassID", "Class_Name");

            List<Grade> GradeList = db.Grades.ToList();
            ViewBag.GradeID = new SelectList(GradeList, "GradeID", "Grade_Name");

            List<Year> YearList = db.Years.ToList();
            ViewBag.YearID = new SelectList(YearList, "YearID", "Year1");

            List<StudentType> TypeList = db.StudentTypes.ToList();
            ViewBag.Student_TypeID = new SelectList(TypeList, "Student_TypeID", "Student_Type");

            List<ParentType> ParentList = db.ParentTypes.ToList();
            ViewBag.ParentTypeID = new SelectList(db.ParentTypes, "Parent_TypeID", "Parent_Type");
            //Parent 
            Parent parent = new Parent();
            parent.Title = studentParentViewModel.Title;
            parent.Parent_Name = studentParentViewModel.Parent_Name;
            parent.Parent_Middle_Name = studentParentViewModel.Parent_Middle_Name;
            parent.Parent_Surame = studentParentViewModel.Parent_Surame;
            parent.Home_Address = studentParentViewModel.Home_Address;
            parent.PID_Number = studentParentViewModel.PID_Number;
            parent.Contact_Number = studentParentViewModel.Contact_Number;
            parent.Alt_Contact_Number = studentParentViewModel.Alt_Contact_Number;
            parent.Email_Address = studentParentViewModel.Email_Address;
            parent.ParentTypeID = studentParentViewModel.ParentTypeID;
            db.Parents.Add(parent);
            db.SaveChanges();

            int latestParentID = parent.ParentID;

            Student student = new Student();
            student.Student_Name = studentParentViewModel.Student_Name;
            student.Student_Middle_Name = studentParentViewModel.Student_Middle_Name;
            student.Student_Lastname = studentParentViewModel.Student_Lastname;
            student.DoB = studentParentViewModel.DoB;
            student.SID_Number = studentParentViewModel.SID_Number;
            student.Gender = studentParentViewModel.Gender;
            student.Student_TypeID = studentParentViewModel.Student_TypeID;
            student.ParentID = latestParentID;
            db.Students.Add(student);
            db.SaveChanges();

            int latestStudentId = student.StudentID;

            CurrentYearStudent current = new CurrentYearStudent();
            current.ClassID = studentParentViewModel.ClassID;
            current.GradeID = studentParentViewModel.GradeID;
            current.YearID = studentParentViewModel.YearID;
            current.StudentID = latestStudentId;
            db.CurrentYearStudents.Add(current);
            db.SaveChanges();
            
            if (ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                db.SaveChanges();
                return RedirectToAction("ViewStudents");
            }
            return View(studentParentViewModel);

        }

这是我的编辑按钮所在的位置，它在我的 ViewStudents.cshtml 上。它使用的是 CurrentYearStudents 模型，所以我无法访问 ParentID：

@model IEnumerable<Thorntree_Primary_School_INF_370_System.Models.CurrentYearStudent>
@{
    ViewBag.Title = "View Students";
}


<html>
<head>
    <style>
        input[type="text"] {
            position: center;
            display: block;
            margin: 0 auto;
        }

        input[type="file"] {
            position: center;
            display: block;
            margin: 0 auto;
        }

        button[type="submit"] {
            position: center;
            display: block;
            margin: 0 auto;
        }

        #tableHeadder {
            display: table-header-group;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h2>Hello</h2>
    <h3>World</h3>

    <div class="container" style="outline:solid">
        <button class="btn bg-primary" style="">Back</button>

        <div @*style="text-align:center"*@>
            <h1>View Students</h1>
            @using (Html.BeginForm("ViewStudents", "Student", FormMethod.Get))
            {
                //the following are search options
                <b> Search Option: </b>@Html.RadioButton("option", "FirstName") <label>Name</label> @Html.RadioButton("option", "Grade") <label>Grade</label>
                @Html.RadioButton("option", "Class")<label>Class</label> @Html.RadioButton("option", "None") <label>None</label> @Html.TextBox("search") <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Search" />
            }
            <table class="table table-dark">
                <thead id="tableHeadder">
                    <tr>
                        <th scope="col">First Name</th>
                        <th scope="col">Last Name</th>
                        <th scope="col">Grade</th>
                        <th scope="col">Class</th>
                    </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                    @foreach (var item in Model)
                    {
                        <tr>
                            <td>
                                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Student.Student_Name)
                            </td>
                            <td>
                                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Student.Student_Lastname)
                            </td>
                            <td>
                                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Grade.Grade_Name)
                            </td>
                            <td>
                                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Class.Class_Name)
                            </td>
                            <td>
                                @Html.ActionLink("Edit", "UpdateStudent", new { id = item.StudentID }) |
                                @Html.ActionLink("Delete", "Delete", new { id = item.CurrentYearStudentID })
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                    }
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

这是我的 3 个表在里面的样子 SQL Server

我真的需要一些帮助，我已经解决这个问题 2 天了，但无济于事。

如果您想查看我的更新操作，您可能会问，但是它与添加操作几乎相同，只是被注释掉了，我不知道如何继续...请帮助，我现在很茫然，我不经常寻求帮助。（我是谁 :( )

编辑视图：

@model Thorntree_Primary_School_INF_370_System.Models.StudentParentViewModel
@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Update Student";
}


@*<html>
<head>
@using (Html.BeginForm())
{
    @Html.AntiForgeryToken()

<div class="form-horizontal">
    <h4 style="color:white">Parent of Student</h4>
    <h4 style="color:white">Parent of Student</h4>
    <h4 style="color:white">Parent of Student</h4>
    <h4 style="color:white">Parent of Student</h4>


    <h4>Parent of Student</h4>
    <hr />
    @Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="Title" class="control-label col-md-2">Title</label>
        <div class="col-md-10">
            @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Title, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Title } })
            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Title, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="Contact_Number" class="control-label col-md-2">Contact Number</label>
        <div class="col-md-10">
            @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Contact_Number, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Contact_Number } })
            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Contact_Number, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="Alt_Contact_Number" class="control-label col-md-2">Alternative Contact Number</label>
        <div class="col-md-10">
            @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Alt_Contact_Number, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Alt_Contact_Number } })
            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Alt_Contact_Number, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="Email_Address" class="control-label col-md-2">Email Address</label>
        <div class="col-md-10">
            @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Email_Address, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Email_Address } })
            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Email_Address, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="Home_Address" class="control-label col-md-2">Home Address</label>
        <div class="col-md-10">
            @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Home_Address, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Home_Address } })
            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Home_Address, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="ParentTypeID" class="control-label col-md-2">Parent Type</label>
        <div class="col-md-10">
            @Html.DropDownList("ParentTypeID", null, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.ParentTypeID })
            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.ParentTypeID, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="Parent_Name" class="control-label col-md-2">Parent Name</label>
        <div class="col-md-10">
            @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Parent_Name, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Parent_Name } })
            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Parent_Name, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="Parent_Middle_Name" class="control-label col-md-2">Parent Middle Name</label>
        <div class="col-md-10">
            @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Parent_Middle_Name, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Parent_Middle_Name } })
            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Parent_Middle_Name, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="Parent_Surame" class="control-label col-md-2">Parent Surname</label>
        <div class="col-md-10">
            @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Parent_Surame, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Parent_Surame } })
            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Parent_Surame, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="PID_Number" class="control-label col-md-2">Parent ID Number</label>
        <div class="col-md-10">
            @Html.EditorFor(model => model.PID_Number, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.PID_Number } })
            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.PID_Number, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="form-horizontal">
        <h4>Student</h4>
        <hr />
        @Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="DoB" class="control-label col-md-2">Date of Birth</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.DoB, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.DoB } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.DoB, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="DoB" class="control-label col-md-2">Gender</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Gender, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Gender } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Gender, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="Student_TypeID" class="control-label col-md-2">Student Type</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.DropDownList("Student_TypeID", null, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Student_TypeID })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Student_TypeID, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="Student_Name" class="control-label col-md-2">Student Name</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Student_Name, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Student_Name } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Student_Name, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="Student_Middle_Name" class="control-label col-md-2">Student Middle Name</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Student_Middle_Name, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Student_Middle_Name } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Student_Middle_Name, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="Student_Lastname" class="control-label col-md-2">Student Surname</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Student_Lastname, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Student_Lastname } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Student_Lastname, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="SID_Number" class="control-label col-md-2">Student ID Number</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.SID_Number, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.SID_Number } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.SID_Number, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-horizontal">
            <h4>Register</h4>
            <hr />
            @Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="GradeID" class="control-label col-md-2">Enrollment for Grade</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.DropDownList("GradeID", null, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.GradeID })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.GradeID, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="ClassID" class="control-label col-md-2">Enrollment for Class</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.DropDownList("ClassID", null, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.ClassID })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.ClassID, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="YearID" class="control-label col-md-2">Enrollment for Class</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.DropDownList("YearID", null, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.YearID })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.YearID, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>


        <div class="form-group">
            <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">
                <input type="submit" value="Create" class="btn btn-default" />
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

}

<div>
    <button>@Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "ViewStudents")</button>

</div>

这是我当前的更新操作结果（是的，可能非常错误，但它确实让学生 ID 进行编辑）

         public ActionResult UpdateStudent(int? id)
        {
            if (id == null)
            {
                return new HttpStatusCodeResult(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
            }       

            ThorntreeDatabaseEntities db = new ThorntreeDatabaseEntities();

           

            List<Class> ClassList = db.Classes.ToList();
            ViewBag.ClassID = new SelectList(ClassList, "ClassID", "Class_Name");

            List<Grade> GradeList = db.Grades.ToList();
            ViewBag.GradeID = new SelectList(GradeList, "GradeID", "Grade_Name");

            List<Year> YearList = db.Years.ToList();
            ViewBag.YearID = new SelectList(YearList, "YearID", "Year1");

            List<StudentType> TypeList = db.StudentTypes.ToList();
            ViewBag.Student_TypeID = new SelectList(TypeList, "Student_TypeID", "Student_Type");

            List<ParentType> ParentList = db.ParentTypes.ToList();
            ViewBag.ParentTypeID = new SelectList(db.ParentTypes, "Parent_TypeID", "Parent_Type");

            StudentParentViewModel viewModel = new StudentParentViewModel();

            Student student = db.Students.Find(id);
            Parent parent = db.Parents.Find(student.ParentID);

            db.Students.Where(x => x.StudentID == parent.ParentID);
            viewModel.Title = parent.Title;
            viewModel.Parent_Name = parent.Parent_Name;
            viewModel.Parent_Middle_Name = parent.Parent_Middle_Name;
            viewModel.Parent_Surame = parent.Parent_Surame;
            viewModel.Home_Address = parent.Home_Address;
            viewModel.PID_Number = parent.PID_Number;
            viewModel.Contact_Number = parent.Contact_Number;
            viewModel.Alt_Contact_Number = parent.Alt_Contact_Number;
            viewModel.Email_Address = parent.Email_Address;
            viewModel.ParentTypeID = parent.ParentTypeID;
            viewModel.ParentID = parent.ParentID;

            int latestParentID = parent.ParentID;
            viewModel.StudentID = student.StudentID;
            viewModel.Student_Name = student.Student_Name;
            viewModel.Student_Middle_Name = student.Student_Middle_Name;
            viewModel.Student_Lastname = student.Student_Lastname;
            viewModel.DoB = student.DoB;
            viewModel.SID_Number = student.SID_Number;
            viewModel.Gender = student.Gender;
            viewModel.Student_TypeID = student.Student_TypeID;
            student.ParentID = latestParentID;

            int latestStudentId = student.StudentID;


            db.Students.Where(x => x.StudentID == parent.ParentID);
            viewModel.Title = parent.Parent_Name;
            viewModel.Parent_Name = parent.Parent_Name;
            viewModel.Parent_Middle_Name = parent.Parent_Middle_Name;
            viewModel.Parent_Surame = parent.Parent_Surame;
            viewModel.Home_Address = parent.Home_Address;
            viewModel.PID_Number = parent.PID_Number;
            viewModel.Contact_Number = parent.Contact_Number;
            viewModel.Alt_Contact_Number = parent.Alt_Contact_Number;
            viewModel.Email_Address = parent.Email_Address;
            viewModel.ParentTypeID = parent.ParentTypeID;


            CurrentYearStudent current = new CurrentYearStudent();
            viewModel.ClassID = current.ClassID;
            viewModel.GradeID = current.GradeID;
            viewModel.YearID = current.YearID;
            viewModel.StudentID = latestStudentId;




            ViewBag.ParentTypeID = new SelectList(db.ParentTypes, "Parent_TypeID", "Parent_Type");
            ViewBag.Student_TypeID = new SelectList(db.StudentTypes, "Student_TypeID", "Student_Type");
            ViewBag.ClassID = new SelectList(db.Classes, "ClassID", "Class_Name");
            ViewBag.GradeID = new SelectList(db.Grades, "GradeID", "Grade_Name");
            ViewBag.YearID = new SelectList(db.Years, "YearID", "Year1");
            return View(viewModel);
        }

 // POST: Students/Update/5
        // To protect from overposting attacks, enable the specific properties you want to bind to, for 
        // more details see https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=317598.
        [HttpPost]
        [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
        public ActionResult UpdateStudent(StudentParentViewModel viewModel)
        {

            ThorntreeDatabaseEntities db = new ThorntreeDatabaseEntities();
            List<Class> ClassList = db.Classes.ToList();
            ViewBag.ClassID = new SelectList(ClassList, "ClassID", "Class_Name");

            List<Grade> GradeList = db.Grades.ToList();
            ViewBag.GradeID = new SelectList(GradeList, "GradeID", "Grade_Name");

            List<Year> YearList = db.Years.ToList();
            ViewBag.YearID = new SelectList(YearList, "YearID", "Year1");

            List<StudentType> TypeList = db.StudentTypes.ToList();
            ViewBag.Student_TypeID = new SelectList(TypeList, "Student_TypeID", "Student_Type");

            List<ParentType> ParentList = db.ParentTypes.ToList();
            ViewBag.ParentTypeID = new SelectList(db.ParentTypes, "Parent_TypeID", "Parent_Type");


                Parent parent = new Parent();
                parent.Title = viewModel.Title;
                parent.Parent_Name = viewModel.Parent_Name;
                parent.Parent_Middle_Name = viewModel.Parent_Middle_Name;
                parent.Parent_Surame = viewModel.Parent_Surame;
                parent.Home_Address = viewModel.Home_Address;
                parent.PID_Number = viewModel.PID_Number;
                parent.Contact_Number = viewModel.Contact_Number;
                parent.Alt_Contact_Number = viewModel.Alt_Contact_Number;
                parent.Email_Address = viewModel.Email_Address;
                parent.ParentTypeID = viewModel.ParentTypeID;


                int latestParentID = parent.ParentID;

                Student student = new Student();
                student.Student_Name = viewModel.Student_Name;
                student.Student_Middle_Name = viewModel.Student_Middle_Name;
                student.Student_Lastname = viewModel.Student_Lastname;
                student.DoB = viewModel.DoB;
                student.SID_Number = viewModel.SID_Number;
                student.Gender = viewModel.Gender;
                student.Student_TypeID = viewModel.Student_TypeID;
                student.ParentID = latestParentID;


                int latestStudentId = student.StudentID;

                ViewBag.ParentID = new SelectList(db.Parents, "ParentID", "Title", student.ParentID);

                CurrentYearStudent current = new CurrentYearStudent();
                current.ClassID = viewModel.ClassID;
                current.GradeID = viewModel.GradeID;
                current.YearID = viewModel.YearID;
                current.StudentID = latestStudentId;
                db.CurrentYearStudents.Add(current);


                ViewBag.Student_TypeID = new SelectList(db.StudentTypes, "Student_TypeID", "Student_Type", student.Student_TypeID);

                if (ModelState.IsValid)
                {
                    db.Entry(student).State = EntityState.Modified;
                    db.Entry(parent).State = EntityState.Modified;
                    db.Entry(current).State = EntityState.Modified;
                    db.SaveChanges();
                    return RedirectToAction("ViewStudents");
                }
                return View(viewModel);
        }

Answer 1

好吧，让我们从下面的评论开始吧..

“但是我不知道为什么我的 Http Post: 不工作”

因为你的代码 @using (Html.BeginForm()) 而不是它应该像 @using (Html.BeginForm("ActionName", "controllerName"))

如何使用我的视图模型更新我的 3 table：

请按照以下步骤操作

首先加载列表的学生模型：

public class Student
{
    [Key]
    public int StudentID { get; set; }
    public string DoB { get; set; }
    public string Gender { get; set; }
    public bool Remember { get; set; }
    public string Student_Name { get; set; }
    public string Student_Middle_Name { get; set; }
    public string Student_Lastname { get; set; }
    public long SID_Number { get; set; }
    [ForeignKey("Parent")]
    public int ParentID { get; set; }
    [ForeignKey("StudentType")]
    public int StudentTypeID { get; set; }
    [ForeignKey("Grades")]
    public int GradeID { get; set; }
    [ForeignKey("Year")]
    public int YearID { get; set; }
    [ForeignKey("ClassType")]
    public int ClassTypeID { get; set; }
    public virtual StudentType StudentType { get; set; }
    public virtual Parent Parent { get; set; }
    public virtual Grades Grades { get; set; }
    public virtual Year Year { get; set; }
    public virtual ClassType ClassType { get; set; }
}

加载学生列表的控制器：

我不确定您使用哪种方法绑定数据 database first 或 code first。我正在绑定来自数据库的数据，如下所示：

   public IActionResult GetAllStudents()
        {
            var obj = _context.Students.Include(st => st.StudentType).Include(pt => pt.Parent).Include(y => y.Year).Include(ct => ct.ClassType).ToList();
            return View(obj);
        }

查看学生名单：

@model IEnumerable<MVCApps.Models.Student>

<p>
    <a asp-action="Create">Create New</a>
</p>
<table class="table table table-bordered">
    <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>
                @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.StudentID)
            </th>
            <th>
                @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.DoB)
            </th>
            <th>
                @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Gender)
            </th>
            <th>
                @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Remember)
            </th>
            <th>
                @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Student_Name)
            </th>
            <th>
                @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Student_Middle_Name)
            </th>
            <th>
                @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Student_Lastname)
            </th>
            <th>
                @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.SID_Number)
            </th>
            <th>
                @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Parent.Parent_Name)
            </th>
            <th>
                @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.StudentType)
            </th>
            <th>
                @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.GradeID)
            </th>
            <th>
                @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.YearID)
            </th>
            <th>
                @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.ClassTypeID)
            </th>
            <th></th>
        </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
@foreach (var item in Model) {
        <tr>
            <td>
                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.StudentID)
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.DoB)
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Gender)
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Remember)
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Student_Name)
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Student_Middle_Name)
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Student_Lastname)
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.SID_Number)
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Parent.Parent_Name)
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.StudentType.StudentTypeName)
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Grades.GradeName)
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Year.YearName)
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.ClassType.ClassTypeName)
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.ActionLink("Edit", "UpdateStudentById", new { id = item.StudentID }, new { @class = "btn btn-primary" })
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.ActionLink("Details", "Details", new { /* id=item.PrimaryKey */ }, new { @class = "btn btn-info" })
            </td>
            <td>
                @Html.ActionLink("Delete", "Delete", new { /* id=item.PrimaryKey */ }, new { @class = "btn btn-danger" })
            </td>
        </tr>
}
    </tbody>
</table>

Note: For loading this view I am using your student domain class.

输出：

更新操作：

当您单击编辑按钮时，它应该加载您的视图 viewmodel 类型。那么我们将在哪里使用您的 StudentParentViewModel

查看模型：

public class StudentParentViewModel
    {
        //parent
        public int ParentID { get; set; }
        public string Title { get; set; }
        public int Contact_Number { get; set; }
        public Nullable<int> Alt_Contact_Number { get; set; }
        public string Email_Address { get; set; }
        public string Home_Address { get; set; }
        public int ParentTypeID { get; set; }
        public string Parent_Name { get; set; }
        public string Parent_Middle_Name { get; set; }
        public string Parent_Surame { get; set; }
        public long PID_Number { get; set; }

        //student
        public int StudentID { get; set; }
        public DateTime DoB { get; set; }
        public string Gender { get; set; }
        public bool Remember { get; set; }
        public int StudentTypeID { get; set; }
        public string Student_Name { get; set; }
        public string Student_Middle_Name { get; set; }
        public string Student_Lastname { get; set; }
        public long SID_Number { get; set; }

        //current year student
        public int CurrentYearStudentID { get; set; }
        public Nullable<int> GradeID { get; set; }
        public Nullable<int> ClassTypeID { get; set; }
        public Nullable<int> YearID { get; set; }
    }

更新控制器：

当您单击 edit 按钮时，它将使用特定的 id 击中控制器。所以这里我们将通过 id 和 return 获取详细信息后绑定 ViewModel 加载视图 update view

  public ActionResult UpdateStudentById(int? id)
        {
            //Get student by ID
            var studentObject = _context.Students.Include(st => st.StudentType).Include(pt => pt.Parent).Where(sid => sid.StudentID == id).FirstOrDefault();
            //Bind Dropdown
            List<StudentType> studentType = _context.studentTypes.ToList();
            ViewBag.StudentTypeID = new SelectList(studentType, "StudentTypeID", "StudentTypeName");

            //Bind ParentType Dropdown
            List<ParentType> parentTypeList = _context.ParentTypes.ToList();
            ViewBag.ParentTypeID = new SelectList(parentTypeList, "ParentTypeID", "ParentTypeName");

            //class type
            List<ClassType> classType = _context.classTypes.ToList();
            ViewBag.ClassTypeID = new SelectList(classType, "ClassTypeID", "ClassTypeName");
            //grade
            List<Grades> grades = _context.Grades.ToList();
            ViewBag.GradeID = new SelectList(grades, "GradeID", "GradeName");

            //class type
            List<Year> years = _context.Years.ToList();
            ViewBag.YearID = new SelectList(years, "YearID", "YearName");

            //Bind to View Model
            StudentParentViewModel viewModel = new StudentParentViewModel();

            //Student student = _context.Students.Find(id);
            //  Parent parent = _context.parents.Find(parent.ParentID);

            //db.Students.Where(x => x.StudentID == parent.ParentID);
            viewModel.Title = studentObject.Parent.Title;
            viewModel.Parent_Name = studentObject.Parent.Parent_Name;
            viewModel.Parent_Middle_Name = studentObject.Parent.Parent_Middle_Name;
            viewModel.Parent_Surame = studentObject.Parent.Parent_Surame;
            viewModel.Home_Address = studentObject.Parent.Home_Address;
            viewModel.PID_Number = studentObject.Parent.PID_Number;
            viewModel.Contact_Number = studentObject.Parent.Contact_Number;
            viewModel.Alt_Contact_Number = studentObject.Parent.Alt_Contact_Number;
            viewModel.Email_Address = studentObject.Parent.Email_Address;
            viewModel.ParentTypeID = studentObject.Parent.ParentTypeID;
            viewModel.ParentID = studentObject.Parent.ParentID;

            int latestParentID = studentObject.Parent.ParentID;
            viewModel.StudentID = studentObject.StudentID;
            viewModel.Student_Name = studentObject.Student_Name;
            viewModel.Student_Middle_Name = studentObject.Student_Middle_Name;
            viewModel.Student_Lastname = studentObject.Student_Lastname;
            viewModel.DoB = Convert.ToDateTime(studentObject.DoB);
            viewModel.SID_Number = studentObject.SID_Number;
            viewModel.Gender = studentObject.Gender;
            viewModel.StudentTypeID = studentObject.StudentTypeID;
            studentObject.ParentID = latestParentID;

            int latestStudentId = studentObject.StudentID;



            return View(viewModel);
           
        }

更新视图：

@model MVCApps.Models.StudentParentViewModel

@using (Html.BeginForm("UpdateStudent", "Student"))
{
    @Html.AntiForgeryToken()

<div class="form-horizontal">
    <h4 style="color:white">Parent of Student</h4>
    <h4 style="color:white">Parent of Student</h4>
    <h4 style="color:white">Parent of Student</h4>
    <h4 style="color:white">Parent of Student</h4>
    <div class="form-horizontal">
        <h4>Student</h4>
        <hr />
        @Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        <div class="form-group" hidden>
            <label for="DoB" class="control-label col-md-2">StudentID</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.StudentID, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.StudentID } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.StudentID, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>
        @Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="DoB" class="control-label col-md-2">Date of Birth</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.DoB, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.DoB } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.DoB, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="DoB" class="control-label col-md-2">Gender</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Gender, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Gender } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Gender, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="Student_TypeID" class="control-label col-md-2">Student Type</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.DropDownList("StudentTypeID", null, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.StudentTypeID })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.StudentTypeID, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="Student_Name" class="control-label col-md-2">Student Name</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Student_Name, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Student_Name } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Student_Name, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="Student_Middle_Name" class="control-label col-md-2">Student Middle Name</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Student_Middle_Name, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Student_Middle_Name } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Student_Middle_Name, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="Student_Lastname" class="control-label col-md-2">Student Surname</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Student_Lastname, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Student_Lastname } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Student_Lastname, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="SID_Number" class="control-label col-md-2">Student ID Number</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.SID_Number, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.SID_Number } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.SID_Number, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <h4>Parent of Student</h4>
        <hr />
        @Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        <div class="form-group" hidden>
            <label for="Title" class="control-label col-md-2">StudentID</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.ParentID, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.ParentID } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.ParentID, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="Title" class="control-label col-md-2">Title</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Title, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Title } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Title, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="Contact_Number" class="control-label col-md-2">Contact Number</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Contact_Number, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Contact_Number } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Contact_Number, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="Alt_Contact_Number" class="control-label col-md-2">Alternative Contact Number</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Alt_Contact_Number, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Alt_Contact_Number } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Alt_Contact_Number, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="Email_Address" class="control-label col-md-2">Email Address</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Email_Address, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Email_Address } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Email_Address, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="Home_Address" class="control-label col-md-2">Home Address</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Home_Address, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Home_Address } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Home_Address, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="ParentTypeID" class="control-label col-md-2">Parent Type</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.DropDownList("ParentTypeID", null, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.ParentTypeID })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.ParentTypeID, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="Parent_Name" class="control-label col-md-2">Parent Name</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Parent_Name, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Parent_Name } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Parent_Name, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="Parent_Middle_Name" class="control-label col-md-2">Parent Middle Name</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Parent_Middle_Name, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Parent_Middle_Name } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Parent_Middle_Name, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="Parent_Surame" class="control-label col-md-2">Parent Surname</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Parent_Surame, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.Parent_Surame } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Parent_Surame, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="PID_Number" class="control-label col-md-2">Parent ID Number</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.PID_Number, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.PID_Number } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.PID_Number, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>



        <div class="form-horizontal">
            <h4>Register</h4>
            <hr />
            @Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="GradeID" class="control-label col-md-2">Enrollment for Grade</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.DropDownList("GradeID", null, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.GradeID })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.GradeID, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="ClassID" class="control-label col-md-2">Enrollment for Class</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.DropDownList("ClassTypeID", null, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.ClassTypeID })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.ClassTypeID, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="YearID" class="control-label col-md-2">Enrollment for Class</label>
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.DropDownList("YearID", null, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "form-control", @value = Model.YearID })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.YearID, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>


        <div class="form-group">
            <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">
                <input type="submit" value="Update" class="btn btn-success" />
            </div>
            
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">
                @Html.ActionLink("List", "GetAllStudents", new { /* id=item.PrimaryKey */ }, new { @class = "btn btn-info" })
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

}

更新视图的输出：

更新控制器：

加载更新视图时，在进行必要的更新后，我们将点击更新按钮，该按钮将使用我们的 StudentParentViewModel 将更新的数据发送到 UpdateStudent 控制器，如下所示：

    [HttpPost]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public ActionResult UpdateStudent(StudentParentViewModel viewModel)
    {
        //If either of this is empty then add
        if (viewModel.StudentID == 0 && viewModel.ParentID == 0)
        {
            //Add Or Create 
            //Bind Student
            var student = new Student();
            student.Student_Name = viewModel.Student_Name;
            student.Student_Middle_Name = viewModel.Student_Middle_Name;
            student.Student_Lastname = viewModel.Student_Lastname;
            student.Gender = viewModel.Gender;
            student.StudentTypeID = viewModel.StudentTypeID;
            student.ParentID = viewModel.ParentID;
            student.DoB = viewModel.DoB.ToString();
            student.GradeID = viewModel.GradeID??0;
            student.ClassTypeID = viewModel.ClassTypeID??0;
            student.YearID = viewModel.YearID??0;
            student.ClassTypeID = viewModel.ClassTypeID??0;


            _context.Students.Add(student);
            _context.SaveChanges();

            //Bind Parent

            Parent parent = new Parent();
            parent.Title = viewModel.Title;
            parent.Parent_Name = viewModel.Parent_Name;
            parent.Parent_Middle_Name = viewModel.Parent_Middle_Name;
            parent.Parent_Surame = viewModel.Parent_Surame;
            parent.Home_Address = viewModel.Home_Address;
            parent.PID_Number = viewModel.PID_Number;
            parent.Contact_Number = viewModel.Contact_Number;
            parent.Alt_Contact_Number = viewModel.Alt_Contact_Number;
            parent.Email_Address = viewModel.Email_Address;
            parent.ParentTypeID = viewModel.ParentTypeID;
            _context.parents.Add(parent);
            _context.SaveChanges();
        }
        else
        {
            var findStudent = _context.Students.Find(viewModel.StudentID);
            //Bind to student table
            Student objStudent = new Student();
            findStudent.Student_Name = viewModel.Student_Name;
            findStudent.Student_Middle_Name = viewModel.Student_Middle_Name;
            findStudent.Student_Lastname = viewModel.Student_Lastname;
            findStudent.DoB = viewModel.DoB.ToString();
            findStudent.SID_Number = viewModel.SID_Number;
            findStudent.Gender = viewModel.Gender;
            findStudent.StudentTypeID = viewModel.StudentTypeID;
            findStudent.ParentID = viewModel.ParentID;
            findStudent.ClassTypeID = viewModel.ClassTypeID??0;
            findStudent.GradeID =(int) viewModel.GradeID;
            findStudent.ParentID = viewModel.ParentID;

            //Bind the parent table
            var findParent = _context.parents.Find(viewModel.ParentID);
            Parent objParent = new Parent();
            findParent.Title = viewModel.Title;
            findParent.Parent_Name = viewModel.Parent_Name;
            findParent.Parent_Middle_Name = viewModel.Parent_Middle_Name;
            findParent.Parent_Surame = viewModel.Parent_Surame;
            findParent.Home_Address = viewModel.Home_Address;
            findParent.PID_Number = viewModel.PID_Number;
            findParent.Contact_Number = viewModel.Contact_Number;
            findParent.Alt_Contact_Number = viewModel.Alt_Contact_Number;
            findParent.Email_Address = viewModel.Email_Address;
            findParent.ParentTypeID = viewModel.ParentTypeID;
            _context.SaveChanges();
        }
        //Bind Dropdown
        List<StudentType> studentType = _context.studentTypes.ToList();
        ViewBag.StudentTypeID = new SelectList(studentType, "StudentTypeID", "StudentTypeName");

        //Bind ParentType Dropdown
        List<ParentType> parentTypeList = _context.ParentTypes.ToList();
        ViewBag.ParentTypeID = new SelectList(parentTypeList, "ParentTypeID", "ParentTypeName");

        //class type
        List<ClassType> classType = _context.classTypes.ToList();
        ViewBag.ClassTypeID = new SelectList(classType, "ClassTypeID", "ClassTypeName");
        //grade
        List<Grades> grades = _context.Grades.ToList();
        ViewBag.GradeID = new SelectList(grades, "GradeID", "GradeName");

        //class type
        List<Year> years = _context.Years.ToList();
        ViewBag.YearID = new SelectList(years, "YearID", "YearName");
       // return Redirect()
        return RedirectToAction("GetAllStudents");
    }

注意： 像Student 和Parent table 你可以绑定你的视图模型数据到 Nth 个 table 就像我上面显示的那样。最后将更新页面重定向到列表页面。

最终输出：

Note: I have found some inconsistency in your code which you could improve, like if class property you write as Parent_Name then follow the under score convention every where. If camel case parentName then camel case every where, like wise pascal case ParentTypeID then follow that every where which reduce code smells and make the code more readable.

希望以上步骤能帮助您解决问题。

如何使用 ASP.NET Core MVC 中的视图模型更新我的 3 个表（我已经有了 Create）

How can I update my 3 tables using my viewmodel in ASP.NET Core MVC (I already have the Create)

c#

asp.net-core-mvc

asp.net-core-webapi

razor-pages