Tkinter 按钮小部件窃听
Tkinter button widget bugging
简短描述：我回到了 window 我输入 TopLevel window 的地方，其中按钮是使用数据库中的数据循环创建的，假设创建了 4 个按钮，并且例如名称 1,2,3,&4。
因此，当您单击其中一个按钮时，会出现某种类似 0/4 的计数器，当您按下按钮“Plati odabrano”时，它会增加 1/4 并继续......在它达到 4 之后/4 按钮被删除并且工作正常，但是当我退出 TopLevel window 并从主页 window 再次进入时，我们删除的那个按钮旁边的按钮占用了已删除的按钮位置并保留了下来也是最后一个位置，所以我还有 4 个按钮，但它们现在被命名为 1,2,4,&4。
所以我在更简单的版本中重新创建了代码，并且在没有那个错误的情况下它工作得很好，但是我在我的主要代码中找不到错误来修复它。我将在这里粘贴这两个代码，如果有人可以在他们的解释器中测试它并检查错误，我将不胜感激。
这是我的主要代码：
from tkinter import *
import sqlite3
conn = sqlite3.connect('Financije.db')
c = conn.cursor()
c.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS PRIMANJA
([ID] INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,[Opis] text, [Iznos] integer, [Datum] text)''')
c.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS OTPLATA_NA_RATE
([ID] INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,[Opis] text, [Iznos_rate] integer, [Broj_rata] text, [Datum_kupnje] text)''')
c.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS SKIDANJE_S_RAČUNA
([ID] INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,[Opis] text, [Iznos] integer, [Date] text)''')
c.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS KASICA
([ID] INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, [Stanje_računa] integer)''')
c.execute('SELECT * FROM KASICA')
check = c.fetchone()
if check is None:
c.execute('INSERT INTO KASICA VALUES (?, ?);', (None, 0.0))
c.execute('SELECT * FROM OTPLATA_NA_RATE')
check = c.fetchone()
if check is None:
c.execute('INSERT INTO OTPLATA_NA_RATE VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?);', (None, "Test1", 600, "0/2", "12/08/2021"))
c.execute('INSERT INTO OTPLATA_NA_RATE VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?);', (None, "Test2", 600, "0/3", "12/08/2021"))
c.execute('INSERT INTO OTPLATA_NA_RATE VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?);', (None, "Test3", 600, "0/4", "12/08/2021"))
c.execute('INSERT INTO OTPLATA_NA_RATE VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?);', (None, "Test4", 600, "0/5", "12/08/2021"))
c.execute('INSERT INTO OTPLATA_NA_RATE VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?);', (None, "Test5", 600, "0/6", "12/08/2021"))
# Save (commit) the changes
conn.commit()
class FinancialCalc:
def __init__(self, master):
self.lista_opisa_rata = list()
self.dict_for_buttons = dict()
# Start screen define:
self.master = master
self.master.title("Test")
self.master.geometry("300x300")
self.master.resizable(False, False)
self.otplata_na_rate_button = Button(master, text="payment in installments",
command=self.otplata_na_rate_deiconify)
self.otplata_na_rate_button.place(x=95, y=155)
# Otplata_na_rate TopLevel - definiranje
self.onr_top = Toplevel()
self.onr_top.withdraw()
self.onr_top.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", lambda: (self.master.deiconify(), self.onr_top.withdraw()))
self.onr_top.title("Test")
self.onr_label = Label(self.onr_top, text="List of payments:", font=("Helvetica", 11, "underline", "bold"))
self.onr_opis_label = Label(self.onr_top, text="Payment description:", font=("Helvetica", 11, "underline", "bold"))
self.onr_oznacena_rata_label = Label(self.onr_top, text="Installment description:", font=("Helvetica", 11))
self.onr_broj_rata_label = Label(self.onr_top, text="Installments:", font=("Helvetica", 11))
self.onr_iznos_rate_label = Label(self.onr_top, text="Value:", font=("Helvetica", 11))
self.onr_datum_isplate_label = Label(self.onr_top, text="Final payment:", font=("Helvetica", 11))
self.onr_oznacena_rata_txt = Label(self.onr_top, text="", font=("Helvetica", 11))
self.onr_broj_rata_txt = Label(self.onr_top, text="", font=("Helvetica", 11))
self.onr_iznos_rate_txt = Label(self.onr_top, text="", font=("Helvetica", 11))
self.onr_datum_isplate_txt = Label(self.onr_top, text="", font=("Helvetica", 11))
self.onr_pl_pojed_btn = Button(self.onr_top, text="Pay selected", command=self.pay_selected)
def pay_selected(self):
p_description = self.onr_oznacena_rata_txt.cget("text")
num_of_installments = self.onr_broj_rata_txt.cget("text").split("/")
if int(num_of_installments[0])+1 >= int(num_of_installments[1]):
c.execute('DELETE FROM OTPLATA_NA_RATE WHERE Opis = ?', (p_description,))
conn.commit()
btn_to_del = self.dict_for_buttons[p_description]
btn_to_del.destroy()
self.dict_for_buttons.pop(p_description)
self.lista_opisa_rata.clear()
else:
target_3_novo = str(int(num_of_installments[0])+1) + "/" + num_of_installments[1]
c.execute('UPDATE OTPLATA_NA_RATE SET Broj_rata = ? WHERE Opis = ?', (target_3_novo, p_description,))
conn.commit()
self.get_description(p_description)
def get_description(self, opis):
c.execute('SELECT * FROM OTPLATA_NA_RATE WHERE Opis=?;', (opis,))
for x in c:
dodaj_godinu = 0
self.onr_oznacena_rata_txt.config(text=x[1])
self.onr_iznos_rate_txt.config(text=str(x[2]) + " kn")
self.onr_broj_rata_txt.config(text=x[3])
datum_racunanje = int(x[4].split("/")[1]) + int(x[3].split("/")[1])
while datum_racunanje > 12:
datum_racunanje -= 12
dodaj_godinu += 1
datum_isplate = str(datum_racunanje) + "/" + str(int(x[4].split("/")[2])+dodaj_godinu)
self.onr_datum_isplate_txt.config(text=datum_isplate)
def otplata_na_rate_deiconify(self):
# Otplata_na_rate TopLevel - define window:
self.master.withdraw()
self.onr_top.deiconify()
self.onr_label.grid(row=0, columnspan=3, sticky="NESW")
self.onr_opis_label.grid(row=0, column=5, sticky="NESW")
self.onr_oznacena_rata_label.grid(row=1, column=4, padx=5, sticky="E")
self.onr_broj_rata_label.grid(row=2, column=4, padx=5, sticky="E")
self.onr_iznos_rate_label.grid(row=3, column=4, padx=5, sticky="E")
self.onr_datum_isplate_label.grid(row=4, column=4, padx=5, sticky="E")
self.onr_oznacena_rata_txt.grid(row=1, column=5, padx=5, sticky="NSWE")
self.onr_broj_rata_txt.grid(row=2, column=5, padx=5, sticky="NSWE")
self.onr_iznos_rate_txt.grid(row=3, column=5, padx=5, sticky="NSWE")
self.onr_datum_isplate_txt.grid(row=4, column=5, padx=5, sticky="NSWE")
c.execute('SELECT Opis FROM OTPLATA_NA_RATE')
for opis in c:
self.lista_opisa_rata.append(opis[0])
column = 0
row = 1
for opis in self.lista_opisa_rata:
# Append function to button
function = lambda x=opis: self.get_description(x)
rata_button = Button(self.onr_top, text=opis, width=10, command=function)
rata_button.grid(row=row, column=column, padx=5, pady=5)
self.dict_for_buttons[opis] = rata_button
column += 1
if column == 3:
row += 1
column = 0
# Define placement of Button widget - created with loop
if row < 5:
row = 5
if row >= 5:
row += 1
self.onr_pl_pojed_btn.grid(row=row, column=5, padx=2, pady=5)
x = self.master.winfo_x()
y = self.master.winfo_y()
self.onr_top.geometry(f"+{x}+{y}")
root = Tk()
my_gui = FinancialCalc(root)
root.mainloop()
这是我重新创建的代码，因此你们可以理解我正在尝试做的事情：
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
toplvl = Toplevel()
toplvl.withdraw()
toplvl.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", lambda: (root.deiconify(), toplvl.withdraw()))
button_id = dict()
def btn_destroy():
picked_btn = str(lbl_picked_btn.cget("text").split(":")[1]).rstrip()
if picked_btn != "":
txt = int(lbl.cget("text").split("/")[0]) + 1
lbl.config(text=str(txt) + "/3")
if txt == 3:
btn_to_del = button_id[int(picked_btn)]
btn_to_del.destroy()
lbl.config(text="0/3")
def btn_pick(x):
lbl_picked_btn.config(text="Button picked:"+str(x))
lbl_desc = Label(toplvl, text="Pick button and click Destroy 3 times to destroy it", font=("Helvetica", 11))
lbl_desc.grid(row=0, columnspan=4)
lbl_picked_btn = Label(toplvl, text="Button picked:", font=("Helvetica", 11))
lbl_picked_btn.grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=2)
btn_d = Button(toplvl, width=10, text="Destroy", command=btn_destroy)
btn_d.grid(row=1, column=0)
lbl = Label(toplvl, text="0/3", font=("Helvetica", 11))
lbl.grid(row=1, column=3)
row = 2
column = 0
for i in range(5):
function = lambda x=i: btn_pick(x)
btn = Button(toplvl, width=10, text=str(i), command=function)
btn.grid(row=row, column=column)
button_id[i] = btn
column += 1
def top():
root.withdraw()
toplvl.deiconify()
start_btn = Button(root, text="Start", command=top)
start_btn.pack()
root.mainloop()
错误图片如下：
第一张图是删除前的样子
第二张图是window按钮被删除但仍未离开并进入TopLevel时的样子
最后一张照片是 window 的样子，你可以看到关于按钮的部分
很抱歉这么长 post 和很多信息，但我只想解释一切:)
每当执行 otplata_na_rate_deiconify() 时，您都会创建一组新的按钮，并将新的一组按钮放在与上一组按钮相同的位置。
因此，例如，首先 otplata_na_rate_deiconify() 的 运行，在第 0 列到第 3 列创建了 4 个按钮（1、2、3、4）。然后销毁第 3 列的按钮2 来自 window 和数据库并关闭（实际上隐藏）window。那时，按钮 1、2 和 4 仍然存在于 window。
当您再次调用 otplata_na_rate_deiconify() 打开 window 时，您会根据数据库中的数据创建一组新的按钮 (1, 2, 4) 并将按钮放在第 0 至 2 列（同一行）。也就是说，新按钮 1 在第 0 列与旧按钮 1 重叠，新按钮 2 在第 1 列与旧按钮 2 重叠，新按钮 4 放在第 2 列（删除的按钮 3 所在的位置），旧按钮 4 保留在第 3 列. 这就是为什么你看到 4 个按钮 (1, 2, 4, 4)。
因此，当执行 otplata_na_rate_deiconify() 时，要么删除旧按钮并创建一组新按钮，要么如果已经创建了按钮则什么也不做。
请注意，您的第二个示例代码实际上无法重现该问题。
更新：修改 OP 示例代码以模拟问题：
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
toplvl = Toplevel()
toplvl.withdraw()
toplvl.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", lambda: (root.deiconify(), toplvl.withdraw()))
button_id = dict()
def btn_destroy():
picked_btn = str(lbl_picked_btn.cget("text").split(":")[1]).rstrip()
if picked_btn != "":
txt = int(lbl.cget("text").split("/")[0]) + 1
lbl.config(text=str(txt) + "/3")
if txt == 3:
btn_to_del = button_id[int(picked_btn)]
btn_to_del.destroy()
lbl.config(text="0/3")
# simulate deletion from database
database.remove(int(picked_btn))
def btn_pick(x):
lbl_picked_btn.config(text="Button picked:"+str(x))
lbl_desc = Label(toplvl, text="Pick button and click Destroy 3 times to destroy it", font=("Helvetica", 11))
lbl_desc.grid(row=0, columnspan=4)
lbl_picked_btn = Label(toplvl, text="Button picked:", font=("Helvetica", 11))
lbl_picked_btn.grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=2)
btn_d = Button(toplvl, width=10, text="Destroy", command=btn_destroy)
btn_d.grid(row=1, column=0)
lbl = Label(toplvl, text="0/3", font=("Helvetica", 11))
lbl.grid(row=1, column=3)
# simulate database data
database = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
def top():
#global button_id
root.withdraw()
toplvl.deiconify()
"""
# this is the fix
# remove old buttons
for b in button_id.values():
b.destroy()
button_id.clear()
"""
row = 2
column = 0
for i in database:
function = lambda x=i: btn_pick(x)
btn = Button(toplvl, width=10, text=str(i), command=function)
btn.grid(row=row, column=column)
button_id[i] = btn
column += 1
start_btn = Button(root, text="Start", command=top)
start_btn.pack()
root.mainloop()
取消注释 top() 中的块注释将解决此问题。
简短描述：我回到了 window 我输入 TopLevel window 的地方，其中按钮是使用数据库中的数据循环创建的，假设创建了 4 个按钮，并且例如名称 1,2,3,&4。
因此，当您单击其中一个按钮时，会出现某种类似 0/4 的计数器，当您按下按钮“Plati odabrano”时，它会增加 1/4 并继续......在它达到 4 之后/4 按钮被删除并且工作正常，但是当我退出 TopLevel window 并从主页 window 再次进入时，我们删除的那个按钮旁边的按钮占用了已删除的按钮位置并保留了下来也是最后一个位置，所以我还有 4 个按钮，但它们现在被命名为 1,2,4,&4。
所以我在更简单的版本中重新创建了代码，并且在没有那个错误的情况下它工作得很好，但是我在我的主要代码中找不到错误来修复它。我将在这里粘贴这两个代码，如果有人可以在他们的解释器中测试它并检查错误，我将不胜感激。
这是我的主要代码：
from tkinter import *
import sqlite3
conn = sqlite3.connect('Financije.db')
c = conn.cursor()
c.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS PRIMANJA
([ID] INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,[Opis] text, [Iznos] integer, [Datum] text)''')
c.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS OTPLATA_NA_RATE
([ID] INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,[Opis] text, [Iznos_rate] integer, [Broj_rata] text, [Datum_kupnje] text)''')
c.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS SKIDANJE_S_RAČUNA
([ID] INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,[Opis] text, [Iznos] integer, [Date] text)''')
c.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS KASICA
([ID] INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, [Stanje_računa] integer)''')
c.execute('SELECT * FROM KASICA')
check = c.fetchone()
if check is None:
c.execute('INSERT INTO KASICA VALUES (?, ?);', (None, 0.0))
c.execute('SELECT * FROM OTPLATA_NA_RATE')
check = c.fetchone()
if check is None:
c.execute('INSERT INTO OTPLATA_NA_RATE VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?);', (None, "Test1", 600, "0/2", "12/08/2021"))
c.execute('INSERT INTO OTPLATA_NA_RATE VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?);', (None, "Test2", 600, "0/3", "12/08/2021"))
c.execute('INSERT INTO OTPLATA_NA_RATE VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?);', (None, "Test3", 600, "0/4", "12/08/2021"))
c.execute('INSERT INTO OTPLATA_NA_RATE VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?);', (None, "Test4", 600, "0/5", "12/08/2021"))
c.execute('INSERT INTO OTPLATA_NA_RATE VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?);', (None, "Test5", 600, "0/6", "12/08/2021"))
# Save (commit) the changes
conn.commit()
class FinancialCalc:
def __init__(self, master):
self.lista_opisa_rata = list()
self.dict_for_buttons = dict()
# Start screen define:
self.master = master
self.master.title("Test")
self.master.geometry("300x300")
self.master.resizable(False, False)
self.otplata_na_rate_button = Button(master, text="payment in installments",
command=self.otplata_na_rate_deiconify)
self.otplata_na_rate_button.place(x=95, y=155)
# Otplata_na_rate TopLevel - definiranje
self.onr_top = Toplevel()
self.onr_top.withdraw()
self.onr_top.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", lambda: (self.master.deiconify(), self.onr_top.withdraw()))
self.onr_top.title("Test")
self.onr_label = Label(self.onr_top, text="List of payments:", font=("Helvetica", 11, "underline", "bold"))
self.onr_opis_label = Label(self.onr_top, text="Payment description:", font=("Helvetica", 11, "underline", "bold"))
self.onr_oznacena_rata_label = Label(self.onr_top, text="Installment description:", font=("Helvetica", 11))
self.onr_broj_rata_label = Label(self.onr_top, text="Installments:", font=("Helvetica", 11))
self.onr_iznos_rate_label = Label(self.onr_top, text="Value:", font=("Helvetica", 11))
self.onr_datum_isplate_label = Label(self.onr_top, text="Final payment:", font=("Helvetica", 11))
self.onr_oznacena_rata_txt = Label(self.onr_top, text="", font=("Helvetica", 11))
self.onr_broj_rata_txt = Label(self.onr_top, text="", font=("Helvetica", 11))
self.onr_iznos_rate_txt = Label(self.onr_top, text="", font=("Helvetica", 11))
self.onr_datum_isplate_txt = Label(self.onr_top, text="", font=("Helvetica", 11))
self.onr_pl_pojed_btn = Button(self.onr_top, text="Pay selected", command=self.pay_selected)
def pay_selected(self):
p_description = self.onr_oznacena_rata_txt.cget("text")
num_of_installments = self.onr_broj_rata_txt.cget("text").split("/")
if int(num_of_installments[0])+1 >= int(num_of_installments[1]):
c.execute('DELETE FROM OTPLATA_NA_RATE WHERE Opis = ?', (p_description,))
conn.commit()
btn_to_del = self.dict_for_buttons[p_description]
btn_to_del.destroy()
self.dict_for_buttons.pop(p_description)
self.lista_opisa_rata.clear()
else:
target_3_novo = str(int(num_of_installments[0])+1) + "/" + num_of_installments[1]
c.execute('UPDATE OTPLATA_NA_RATE SET Broj_rata = ? WHERE Opis = ?', (target_3_novo, p_description,))
conn.commit()
self.get_description(p_description)
def get_description(self, opis):
c.execute('SELECT * FROM OTPLATA_NA_RATE WHERE Opis=?;', (opis,))
for x in c:
dodaj_godinu = 0
self.onr_oznacena_rata_txt.config(text=x[1])
self.onr_iznos_rate_txt.config(text=str(x[2]) + " kn")
self.onr_broj_rata_txt.config(text=x[3])
datum_racunanje = int(x[4].split("/")[1]) + int(x[3].split("/")[1])
while datum_racunanje > 12:
datum_racunanje -= 12
dodaj_godinu += 1
datum_isplate = str(datum_racunanje) + "/" + str(int(x[4].split("/")[2])+dodaj_godinu)
self.onr_datum_isplate_txt.config(text=datum_isplate)
def otplata_na_rate_deiconify(self):
# Otplata_na_rate TopLevel - define window:
self.master.withdraw()
self.onr_top.deiconify()
self.onr_label.grid(row=0, columnspan=3, sticky="NESW")
self.onr_opis_label.grid(row=0, column=5, sticky="NESW")
self.onr_oznacena_rata_label.grid(row=1, column=4, padx=5, sticky="E")
self.onr_broj_rata_label.grid(row=2, column=4, padx=5, sticky="E")
self.onr_iznos_rate_label.grid(row=3, column=4, padx=5, sticky="E")
self.onr_datum_isplate_label.grid(row=4, column=4, padx=5, sticky="E")
self.onr_oznacena_rata_txt.grid(row=1, column=5, padx=5, sticky="NSWE")
self.onr_broj_rata_txt.grid(row=2, column=5, padx=5, sticky="NSWE")
self.onr_iznos_rate_txt.grid(row=3, column=5, padx=5, sticky="NSWE")
self.onr_datum_isplate_txt.grid(row=4, column=5, padx=5, sticky="NSWE")
c.execute('SELECT Opis FROM OTPLATA_NA_RATE')
for opis in c:
self.lista_opisa_rata.append(opis[0])
column = 0
row = 1
for opis in self.lista_opisa_rata:
# Append function to button
function = lambda x=opis: self.get_description(x)
rata_button = Button(self.onr_top, text=opis, width=10, command=function)
rata_button.grid(row=row, column=column, padx=5, pady=5)
self.dict_for_buttons[opis] = rata_button
column += 1
if column == 3:
row += 1
column = 0
# Define placement of Button widget - created with loop
if row < 5:
row = 5
if row >= 5:
row += 1
self.onr_pl_pojed_btn.grid(row=row, column=5, padx=2, pady=5)
x = self.master.winfo_x()
y = self.master.winfo_y()
self.onr_top.geometry(f"+{x}+{y}")
root = Tk()
my_gui = FinancialCalc(root)
root.mainloop()
这是我重新创建的代码，因此你们可以理解我正在尝试做的事情：
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
toplvl = Toplevel()
toplvl.withdraw()
toplvl.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", lambda: (root.deiconify(), toplvl.withdraw()))
button_id = dict()
def btn_destroy():
picked_btn = str(lbl_picked_btn.cget("text").split(":")[1]).rstrip()
if picked_btn != "":
txt = int(lbl.cget("text").split("/")[0]) + 1
lbl.config(text=str(txt) + "/3")
if txt == 3:
btn_to_del = button_id[int(picked_btn)]
btn_to_del.destroy()
lbl.config(text="0/3")
def btn_pick(x):
lbl_picked_btn.config(text="Button picked:"+str(x))
lbl_desc = Label(toplvl, text="Pick button and click Destroy 3 times to destroy it", font=("Helvetica", 11))
lbl_desc.grid(row=0, columnspan=4)
lbl_picked_btn = Label(toplvl, text="Button picked:", font=("Helvetica", 11))
lbl_picked_btn.grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=2)
btn_d = Button(toplvl, width=10, text="Destroy", command=btn_destroy)
btn_d.grid(row=1, column=0)
lbl = Label(toplvl, text="0/3", font=("Helvetica", 11))
lbl.grid(row=1, column=3)
row = 2
column = 0
for i in range(5):
function = lambda x=i: btn_pick(x)
btn = Button(toplvl, width=10, text=str(i), command=function)
btn.grid(row=row, column=column)
button_id[i] = btn
column += 1
def top():
root.withdraw()
toplvl.deiconify()
start_btn = Button(root, text="Start", command=top)
start_btn.pack()
root.mainloop()
错误图片如下：
第一张图是删除前的样子
第二张图是window按钮被删除但仍未离开并进入TopLevel时的样子
最后一张照片是 window 的样子，你可以看到关于按钮的部分
很抱歉这么长 post 和很多信息，但我只想解释一切:)
每当执行 otplata_na_rate_deiconify() 时，您都会创建一组新的按钮，并将新的一组按钮放在与上一组按钮相同的位置。
因此，例如，首先 otplata_na_rate_deiconify() 的 运行，在第 0 列到第 3 列创建了 4 个按钮（1、2、3、4）。然后销毁第 3 列的按钮2 来自 window 和数据库并关闭（实际上隐藏）window。那时，按钮 1、2 和 4 仍然存在于 window。
当您再次调用 otplata_na_rate_deiconify() 打开 window 时，您会根据数据库中的数据创建一组新的按钮 (1, 2, 4) 并将按钮放在第 0 至 2 列（同一行）。也就是说，新按钮 1 在第 0 列与旧按钮 1 重叠，新按钮 2 在第 1 列与旧按钮 2 重叠，新按钮 4 放在第 2 列（删除的按钮 3 所在的位置），旧按钮 4 保留在第 3 列. 这就是为什么你看到 4 个按钮 (1, 2, 4, 4)。
因此，当执行 otplata_na_rate_deiconify() 时，要么删除旧按钮并创建一组新按钮，要么如果已经创建了按钮则什么也不做。
请注意，您的第二个示例代码实际上无法重现该问题。
更新：修改 OP 示例代码以模拟问题：
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
toplvl = Toplevel()
toplvl.withdraw()
toplvl.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", lambda: (root.deiconify(), toplvl.withdraw()))
button_id = dict()
def btn_destroy():
picked_btn = str(lbl_picked_btn.cget("text").split(":")[1]).rstrip()
if picked_btn != "":
txt = int(lbl.cget("text").split("/")[0]) + 1
lbl.config(text=str(txt) + "/3")
if txt == 3:
btn_to_del = button_id[int(picked_btn)]
btn_to_del.destroy()
lbl.config(text="0/3")
# simulate deletion from database
database.remove(int(picked_btn))
def btn_pick(x):
lbl_picked_btn.config(text="Button picked:"+str(x))
lbl_desc = Label(toplvl, text="Pick button and click Destroy 3 times to destroy it", font=("Helvetica", 11))
lbl_desc.grid(row=0, columnspan=4)
lbl_picked_btn = Label(toplvl, text="Button picked:", font=("Helvetica", 11))
lbl_picked_btn.grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=2)
btn_d = Button(toplvl, width=10, text="Destroy", command=btn_destroy)
btn_d.grid(row=1, column=0)
lbl = Label(toplvl, text="0/3", font=("Helvetica", 11))
lbl.grid(row=1, column=3)
# simulate database data
database = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
def top():
#global button_id
root.withdraw()
toplvl.deiconify()
"""
# this is the fix
# remove old buttons
for b in button_id.values():
b.destroy()
button_id.clear()
"""
row = 2
column = 0
for i in database:
function = lambda x=i: btn_pick(x)
btn = Button(toplvl, width=10, text=str(i), command=function)
btn.grid(row=row, column=column)
button_id[i] = btn
column += 1
start_btn = Button(root, text="Start", command=top)
start_btn.pack()
root.mainloop()
取消注释 top() 中的块注释将解决此问题。