可以从 C# 中的 switch case 分配 return 吗?

Possible to assign a return from a switch case in C#?

我见过的所有C# switch语句的例子如下

var variable, result; 

switch (variable) {
 case 1: result = somevalue; break;
 case 2: result = someothervalue; break;
}

但是,我想要一些类似的东西

var result = switch (variable) {
   case 1: return <somevalue>;
   case 2: return <someothervalue>;
  }

可能吗? (也许我在箱子里需要 break,但它是 return...)

return <somevalue> 背后的基本思想是正确的,但 switch 是一个 控制语句 ,因此它 return 不是一个值。你必须让它成为这样的方法:

dynamic SomeMethod(int variable)
{
   switch(variable)
   {
       case 1: return "text";
       case 2: return 5;

       // Or manually return something out of switch scope
       // because the method has to return something
       default: return null;
   }
}

void Test()
{
    // Now you have a value assigned to an variable
    // that comes from SomeMethod
    // which is generated (selected) by switch
    var result1 = SomeMethod(1); // string
    var result2 = SomeMethod(2); // int
    var result3 = SomeMethod(123); // null
}

在这种情况下我还需要解释一下:方法不能return隐式类型(var ), 因为编译器无法猜测 return type 是什么。但是你可以 return dynamic and now type will be changed runtime. Also you can't use dynamic in switch because it requires a nullable 输入。

如果你想要它简短(在方法中),可以用 lambda 创建一个匿名方法:)

var result =
    (Func<int, dynamic>)
    ( (x) =>
    {
        switch(x)
        {
            case 1: return "text";
            case 2: return 5;
            default: return null;
        }
    } // Lambda
    ) // Func<int, dynamic> (takes int parameters, returns dynamic value)
    (); // Call it and get return value to assign

但是我强烈建议您阅读一些文章,例如 statements, methods, types...

考虑 conditional operator:

var result =
    variable == 1? <somevalue>:
    variable == 2? <someothervalue>:
    <defaultvalue>;

如果您想要 return 基于某些输入的值,并且您希望将开关作为可能的解决方案,请考虑使用字典。

// populated with types and data that mean something
// to you. 
private IDictionary<int, string> _lookupDictionary; 

public string GetValue(int variable) {
    return _lookupDictionary[variable];

    // instead of 
    // switch (variable) { 
    //     case 1: 
    //         return <somevalue>; 
    //     case 2:
    //         return <someothervalue>; 
    //     ...
    //     case n-1: 
    //         return <somethingelse>; 
    //     case n: 
    //         return <finalsomething>; 
}

请注意,开关本身没有 return 值。如果您还想保存 return 值,那么只需使用字典的索引器执行查找,存储引用,然后 return。

private IDictionary<int, string> _lookupDictionary;
private KeyValuePair<int, string> _cache; 

public string GetValue(int variable) {
    if (!_lookupDictionary.ContainsKey(variable)) {
        // throw an exception - or add - behavior dependent 
        // upon your need
    }

    if (_cache.Key == variable) {
        return _cache.Value;
    }

    _cache = new KeyValuePair<int, string>(variable, _lookupDictionary[variable]);
    return _cache.Value;
}

在 c# 8.0 中,您可以使用新的 switch 语法:

var area = figure switch 
{
    Line _      => 0,
    Rectangle r => r.Width * r.Height,
    Circle c when c.Radius == 0 => throw new ThrowSomeException(c),
    Circle c    => Math.PI * c.Radius * c.Radius,
    _           => throw new UnknownFigureException(figure)
};

您可以阅读有关新功能的更多信息 here