读取文件时允许月份格式变化

Question

每个月我运行一个脚本根据 Excel 工作表的输入进行大量计算。但是，上传者与他们拼写月份的方式不一致。 July/Jul、Sep/Sept/September等所以我目前的解决方案容易出错：

excel = pd.read_excel(f'{month} {year} Monthly Statement.xlsx')

用户在 Python 应用程序中提供的输入是数字，我想我可以将其转换为具有不同变体的字典。

##user input
while True:
    month = int(8) #user input
    if month not in (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12):
        print("That is not a valid month. Remember to type it as a number. January = 1 for example")
    else:
        print("Thank you for giving me the month")
        break

##month translation dict
month_dict = {1: ["Jan", "January"],
             2: ["Feb", "February"],
             8: ["Aug", "August"],
             9: ["Sep", "Sept", "September"]}

我尝试过的：

##it should loop over the various way to type out the month and go with the version that does not throw an error:
excel = pd.read_excel(f'{month_dict[month]} {year} Monthly Statement.xlsx')
##but does not work since I am not sure how to loop over the different items in the dict

我该怎么做？

编辑：文件名是：

January 2021 Monthly Statement.xlsx
Aug 2021 Monthly Statement.xlsx
September 2021 Monthly Statement.xlsx

Answer 1

如果月份名称可能只是被缩短了，但我们可以安全地假设它拼写正确并且文件名与您的示例一样，那么这应该有效：

month_dict = {1: "Jan",
             2: "Feb",
             8: "Aug",
             9: "Sep"}

myfile = glob.glob(f'{month_dict[month]}* {year} Monthly Statement.xlsx')
excel = pd.read_excel(myfile[0])

详细地说，当 month 为 3 时，month-dict[month] 给我们“Mar”，因此我们要查找名为“Mar* 2021 Monthly Statement.xlsx”的文件。这将匹配“Mar”、“Marc”、“March”，不幸的是甚至匹配“Marchxx”，但不匹配“Ma”（这是一件好事，因为我们不知道是去 March 还是 May）或“ Mrch”（这不是很好...）

Answer 2

这就是我现在最终解决它的方式，但它不像@gimix

的回复那么精简

##user input
while True:
    month = int(8) #user input
    if month not in (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12):
        print("That is not a valid month. Remember to type it as a number. January = 1 for example")
    else:
        print("Thank you for giving me the month")
        break

##dict
month_dict = {1: ["Jan", "January"],
             2: ["Feb", "February"],
             3: ["Mar", "March"],
             4: ["Apr", "April"],
             5: ["May"],
             6: ["Jun", "June"],
             7: ["Jul", "July"],
             8: ["Aug", "August"],
             9: ["Sep", "Sept", "September"],
             10: ["Oct", "October"],
             11: ["Nov", "November"],
             12: ["Dec", "December"]}

##loop
for i in month_dict:
    try:
        ex = pd.read_excel(f'{month_dict[month][i]} 2021 Monthly Statement.xlsx')
        break
    except IOError:
        print("error")

读取文件时允许月份格式变化

Allowing month formatting variation when reading files

python

dictionary

exception

pandas