将对象数组转换为单个对象并在 TypeScript 中保留类型

Transform array of objects to single object and keep types in TypeScript

我有一个包含键 namevalue 的对象数组。我想将此数组转换为单个对象,其中键是 name,值是输入对象的 value 属性。

type Input = { name: string, value: any }[]
type Output = Record<string, any> // Key-value object { [name]: value }

const input: Input = [
    { name: 'name', value: 'Michal' },
    { name: 'age', value: 24 },
    { name: 'numbers', value: [4, 7, 9] }
]

const getOutput = (input: Input): Output => {
    return input.reduce((output, record) => ({ ...output, [record.name]: record.value }), {})
}

// Output is: ​{ name: 'Michal', age: 24, numbers: [4, 7, 9] } 
const output: Output = getOutput(input)

上面的例子是有效的,但是我使用 Record<string, any> 类型作为输出。这意味着我失去了价值观的类型。有什么方法可以执行此转换,但保留类型?

output.age.length // Should be TS error, `number` has no `length` property
output.numbers.length // 3
output.address // Should be TS error, `input` has no `address` property

您的输入数据结构似乎令人惊讶,也许您应该考虑改变处理数据的方式

您可以在保持输入值不变的情况下对问题进行排序的一种方法:

type ValueDescriptor = {type:'NUMBER',value:number} | {type:'STRING',value:string} | {type:'NUMBER_ARRAY',value:number[]} /* | ... any business-backed type*/

type Output = Record<string, ValueDescriptor>

type Elem<V> = { name: string, value: V }

type Callback<Item> =
    Item extends { name: infer Name, value: infer Value }
    ? Name extends PropertyKey
    ? Record<Name, Value> : never : never


type Reducer<T extends Array<any>, Acc = {}> =
    T extends []
    ? Acc
    : T extends [infer Head, ...infer Tail]
    ? Reducer<Tail, Acc & Callback<Head>>
    : never

const getOutput = <
    N extends number,
    Value extends number | string | [N, ...N[]],
    Name extends string,
    Item extends { name: Name, value: Value },
    Input extends Item[]
>(input: [...Input]) =>
    input.reduce((output, record) =>
        ({ ...output, [record.name]: record.value }),
        {} as Reducer<Input>
    )

const output = getOutput([
    { name: 'name', value: 'Michal' },
    { name: 'age', value: 24 },
    { name: 'numbers', value: [4, 7, 9] }
])
output.age // 24
output.name // 'MIchal'
output.numbers // [4,7,9]

Playground

说明

ReducerCallback - 工作方式几乎与 Array.prototype.reducer 完全相同,除了它迭代递归地。 这是 Reducer 的 js 表示:


const Callback = (elem) => {
    const { name, value } = elem;
    return { [name]: value }
}

const reducer = (arr: ReadonlyArray<any>, result: Record<string, any> = {}): Record<string, any> => {
    if (arr.length === 0) {
        return result
    }

    const [head, ...tail] = arr;

    return reducer(tail, { ...result, ...Callback(head) }
}

有关详细信息,请参阅 answer and my blog

[...Input] - 我已经使用 variadic tuple types 来推断数组中的每个对象