数据表在 header 搜索列上搜索完全匹配

Question

我是编码新手，面临发布重复问题的风险。我已经看到了很多这样的问题，但我没有找到一个答案可以帮助我在下面的代码中实现我需要的需求。我需要搜索功能来匹配精确的数学。因此，当用户输入 Anneke 时，它不应该显示 Janneke，或者当用户输入 4 时，它应该只显示 4 而不是 14、24 等。我坚持在我的代码中植入正则表达式，我希望这里有人知道如何在下面的代码中执行此操作。

$('#OBTable thead tr')
            .clone(true)
            .addClass('filters')
            .appendTo('#OBTable thead');
            $('#OBTable thead tr:eq(1) th').text("");
                    
                    var table = $('#OBTable').dataTable({
                    
                     "ajax": {
                        "url": "SelectData.php",
                        "dataSrc": "data",
                    },
                     orderCellsTop: true,
                     select: true,
                       initComplete: function () {
                var api = this.api();
     
                // For each column
                api
                    .columns([0,6])
                    .eq(0)
                    .each(function (colIdx) {
                        // Set the header cell to contain the input element
                        var cell = $('.filters th').eq(
                            $(api.column(colIdx).header()).index()
                        );
                        var title = $(cell).text();
                        $(cell).html('<input type="search" class="form-control form-control-sm" placeholder="Filter.." />');
     
                        // On every keypress in this input
                        $(
                            'input',
                            $('.filters th').eq($(api.column(colIdx).header()).index())
                        )
                            .off('keyup change')
                            .on('keyup change', function (e) {
                                e.stopPropagation();
     
                                // Get the search value
                                $(this).attr('title', $(this).val());
                                var regexr = '({search})'; //$(this).parents('th').find('select').val();
    
                                var cursorPosition = this.selectionStart;
                                // Search the column for that value
                                api
                                    .column(colIdx)
                            
                                    .search(
                                        this.value != ''
                                            ? regexr.replace('{search}', '(((' + this.value + ')))')
                                            : '',
                                        this.value != '',
                                        this.value == ''
                                    )
                                    .draw();
     
                                $(this)
                                    .focus()[0]
                                    .setSelectionRange(cursorPosition, cursorPosition);
                            });
                    });
            },

Answer 1

有多种方法可以实现精确搜索。以下方法使用 your example 作为起点 - 但有以下更改：

添加了以下行以清除第二个 header 中的标题：

$('#example thead tr:eq(1) th').text("");

替换了以下行：

var title = $(cell).text();

有了这个：

var title = $('#example thead tr:eq(0) th:eq(' + colIdx + ')').text();

这允许您在相关数据输入字段中显示一些默认文本（在本例中是来自标题单元格的文本）。

这两点都与“精确搜索”没有直接关系 - 但我还是添加了它们，因为我认为这很有用。

注释掉这些行，因为它们在这里没有做任何有用的事情：

// Get the search value
//$(this).attr('title', $(this).val());
//var regexr = '({search})';  //$(this).parents('th').find('select').val();

对于精确搜索，我添加了一些逻辑以确保在搜索词为空时显示所有数据。为此，我将空字符串 "" 替换为以下正则表达式 .* - 表示“任何字符”（. 点）重复任意次数（* 星号）。

这意味着，对于空字段，不是以以下正则表达式结束...

^$

...你实际上是这样结束的：

^.*$

表示从字段开头（^）到字段结尾（$）的“任意内容”。

这是执行此操作的代码：

var searchTerm = $(this).val();
if (searchTerm.trim() === "") {
  searchTerm = ".*";
}
console.log( searchTerm ); // just for testing purposes
api
  .column(colIdx)
  .search("^" + searchTerm + "$", true, false, true)
  .draw();

这是一个演示，您可以运行:

$(document).ready(function() {
  $('#example thead tr')
    .clone(true)
    .addClass('filters')
    .appendTo('#example thead');

  $('#example thead tr:eq(1) th').text("");

  var table = $('#example').DataTable({
    orderCellsTop: true,
    initComplete: function() {
      var api = this.api();

      // For each column
      api
        .columns([0, 2])
        .eq(0)
        .each(function(colIdx) {
          // Set the header cell to contain the input element
          var cell = $('.filters th').eq(
            $(api.column(colIdx).header()).index()
          );
          var title = $('#example thead tr:eq(0) th:eq(' + colIdx + ')').text();
          $(cell).html('<input type="text" placeholder="Enter ' + title + '" />');

          // On every keypress in this input
          $(
              'input',
              $('.filters th').eq($(api.column(colIdx).header()).index())
            )
            .off('keyup change')
            .on('keyup change', function(e) {
              e.stopPropagation();

              // Get the search value
              //$(this).attr('title', $(this).val());
              //var regexr = '({search})'; 
              //$(this).parents('th').find('select').val();

              var cursorPosition = this.selectionStart;
              // Search the column for that value
              var searchTerm = $(this).val();
              if (searchTerm.trim() === "") {
                  searchTerm = ".*";
              }
              console.log( searchTerm );
              api
                .column(colIdx)
                .search("^" + searchTerm + "$", true, false, true)
                .draw();

              $(this)
                .focus()[0]
                .setSelectionRange(cursorPosition, cursorPosition);
            });
        });
    },


  });
});

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.3.min.js"></script>

    <link href="https://nightly.datatables.net/css/jquery.dataTables.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
    <script src="https://nightly.datatables.net/js/jquery.dataTables.js"></script>

    <meta charset=utf-8 />
    <title>Exact column search</title>
<style>
body {
  font: 90%/1.45em "Helvetica Neue", HelveticaNeue, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  color: #333;
  background-color: #fff;
}
</style>

  </head>
  <body>
    <div class="container">
      <table id="example" class="display nowrap" width="100%">
        <thead>
          <tr>
            <th>Name</th>
            <th>Position</th>
            <th>Office</th>
            <th>Age</th>
            <th>Start date</th>
            <th>Salary</th>
          </tr>
        </thead>

        <tfoot>
          <tr>
            <th>Name</th>
            <th>Position</th>
            <th>Office</th>
            <th>Age</th>
            <th>Start date</th>
            <th>Salary</th>
          </tr>
        </tfoot>

        <tbody>
          <tr>
            <td>Tiger Nixon</td>
            <td>System Architect</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>61</td>
            <td>2011/04/25</td>
            <td>,120</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Garrett Winters</td>
            <td>Director</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>63</td>
            <td>2011/07/25</td>
            <td>,300</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Anneke</td>
            <td>Technical Author</td>
            <td>San Francisco</td>
            <td>66</td>
            <td>2009/01/12</td>
            <td>,800</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Janneke</td>
            <td>Javascript Developer</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>22</td>
            <td>2012/03/29</td>
            <td>,600</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Jenna Elliott</td>
            <td>Financial Controller</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>33</td>
            <td>2008/11/28</td>
            <td>,300</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Brielle Williamson</td>
            <td>Integration Specialist</td>
            <td>New York</td>
            <td>61</td>
            <td>2012/12/02</td>
            <td>,525</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Herrod Chandler</td>
            <td>Sales Assistant</td>
            <td>San Francisco</td>
            <td>59</td>
            <td>2012/08/06</td>
            <td>,080</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Rhona Davidson</td>
            <td>Integration Specialist</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>55</td>
            <td>2010/10/14</td>
            <td>,730</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Colleen Hurst</td>
            <td>Javascript Developer</td>
            <td>San Francisco</td>
            <td>39</td>
            <td>2009/09/15</td>
            <td>,000</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Sonya Frost</td>
            <td>Software Engineer</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>23</td>
            <td>2008/12/13</td>
            <td>,600</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Jena Gaines</td>
            <td>System Architect</td>
            <td>London</td>
            <td>30</td>
            <td>2008/12/19</td>
            <td>,000</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Quinn Flynn</td>
            <td>Financial Controller</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>22</td>
            <td>2013/03/03</td>
            <td>,200</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Charde Marshall</td>
            <td>Regional Director</td>
            <td>San Francisco</td>
            <td>36</td>
            <td>2008/10/16</td>
            <td>,300</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Haley Kennedy</td>
            <td>Senior Marketing Designer</td>
            <td>London</td>
            <td>43</td>
            <td>2012/12/18</td>
            <td>,800</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Tatyana Fitzpatrick</td>
            <td>Regional Director</td>
            <td>London</td>
            <td>19</td>
            <td>2010/03/17</td>
            <td>,875</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Michael Silva</td>
            <td>Senior Marketing Designer</td>
            <td>London</td>
            <td>66</td>
            <td>2012/11/27</td>
            <td>,750</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Paul Byrd</td>
            <td>Javascript Developer</td>
            <td>New York</td>
            <td>64</td>
            <td>2010/06/09</td>
            <td>,000</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Gloria Little</td>
            <td>Systems Administrator</td>
            <td>New York</td>
            <td>59</td>
            <td>2009/04/10</td>
            <td>,120</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Bradley Greer</td>
            <td>Software Engineer</td>
            <td>London</td>
            <td>41</td>
            <td>2012/10/13</td>
            <td>,120</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Dai Rios</td>
            <td>System Architect</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>35</td>
            <td>2012/09/26</td>
            <td>,200</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Jenette Caldwell</td>
            <td>Financial Controller</td>
            <td>New York</td>
            <td>30</td>
            <td>2011/09/03</td>
            <td>,965</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Yuri Berry</td>
            <td>System Architect</td>
            <td>New York</td>
            <td>40</td>
            <td>2009/06/25</td>
            <td>,600</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Caesar Vance</td>
            <td>Technical Author</td>
            <td>New York</td>
            <td>21</td>
            <td>2011/12/12</td>
            <td>,965</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Doris Wilder</td>
            <td>Sales Assistant</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>23</td>
            <td>2010/09/20</td>
            <td>,965</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Angelica Ramos</td>
            <td>System Architect</td>
            <td>London</td>
            <td>36</td>
            <td>2009/10/09</td>
            <td>,875</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Gavin Joyce</td>
            <td>Developer</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>42</td>
            <td>2010/12/22</td>
            <td>,525</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Jennifer Chang</td>
            <td>Regional Director</td>
            <td>London</td>
            <td>28</td>
            <td>2010/11/14</td>
            <td>,080</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Brenden Wagner</td>
            <td>Software Engineer</td>
            <td>San Francisco</td>
            <td>18</td>
            <td>2011/06/07</td>
            <td>,750</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Ebony Grimes</td>
            <td>Software Engineer</td>
            <td>San Francisco</td>
            <td>48</td>
            <td>2010/03/11</td>
            <td>,875</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Russell Chavez</td>
            <td>Director</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>20</td>
            <td>2011/08/14</td>
            <td>,600</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Michelle House</td>
            <td>Integration Specialist</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>37</td>
            <td>2011/06/02</td>
            <td>,750</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Suki Burks</td>
            <td>Developer</td>
            <td>London</td>
            <td>53</td>
            <td>2009/10/22</td>
            <td>,875</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Prescott Bartlett</td>
            <td>Technical Author</td>
            <td>London</td>
            <td>27</td>
            <td>2011/05/07</td>
            <td>,730</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Gavin Cortez</td>
            <td>Technical Author</td>
            <td>San Francisco</td>
            <td>22</td>
            <td>2008/10/26</td>
            <td>,730</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Martena Mccray</td>
            <td>Integration Specialist</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>46</td>
            <td>2011/03/09</td>
            <td>,080</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Unity Butler</td>
            <td>Senior Marketing Designer</td>
            <td>San Francisco</td>
            <td>47</td>
            <td>2009/12/09</td>
            <td>,750</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Howard Hatfield</td>
            <td>Financial Controller</td>
            <td>San Francisco</td>
            <td>51</td>
            <td>2008/12/16</td>
            <td>,080</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Hope Fuentes</td>
            <td>Financial Controller</td>
            <td>San Francisco</td>
            <td>41</td>
            <td>2010/02/12</td>
            <td>,200</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Vivian Harrell</td>
            <td>System Architect</td>
            <td>San Francisco</td>
            <td>62</td>
            <td>2009/02/14</td>
            <td>,965</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Timothy Mooney</td>
            <td>Financial Controller</td>
            <td>London</td>
            <td>37</td>
            <td>2008/12/11</td>
            <td>,200</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Jackson Bradshaw</td>
            <td>Director</td>
            <td>New York</td>
            <td>65</td>
            <td>2008/09/26</td>
            <td>,000</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Miriam Weiss</td>
            <td>Support Engineer</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>64</td>
            <td>2011/02/03</td>
            <td>,965</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Bruno Nash</td>
            <td>Software Engineer</td>
            <td>London</td>
            <td>38</td>
            <td>2011/05/03</td>
            <td>,200</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Odessa Jackson</td>
            <td>Support Engineer</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>37</td>
            <td>2009/08/19</td>
            <td>,600</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Thor Walton</td>
            <td>Developer</td>
            <td>New York</td>
            <td>61</td>
            <td>2013/08/11</td>
            <td>,600</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Finn Camacho</td>
            <td>Support Engineer</td>
            <td>San Francisco</td>
            <td>47</td>
            <td>2009/07/07</td>
            <td>,800</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Elton Baldwin</td>
            <td>Data Coordinator</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>64</td>
            <td>2012/04/09</td>
            <td>,730</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Zenaida Frank</td>
            <td>Software Engineer</td>
            <td>New York</td>
            <td>63</td>
            <td>2010/01/04</td>
            <td>,800</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Zorita Serrano</td>
            <td>Software Engineer</td>
            <td>San Francisco</td>
            <td>56</td>
            <td>2012/06/01</td>
            <td>,300</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Jennifer Acosta</td>
            <td>Javascript Developer</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>43</td>
            <td>2013/02/01</td>
            <td>,875</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Cara Stevens</td>
            <td>Sales Assistant</td>
            <td>New York</td>
            <td>46</td>
            <td>2011/12/06</td>
            <td>,800</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Hermione Butler</td>
            <td>Director</td>
            <td>London</td>
            <td>47</td>
            <td>2011/03/21</td>
            <td>,080</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Lael Greer</td>
            <td>Systems Administrator</td>
            <td>London</td>
            <td>21</td>
            <td>2009/02/27</td>
            <td>,120</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Jonas Alexander</td>
            <td>Developer</td>
            <td>San Francisco</td>
            <td>30</td>
            <td>2010/07/14</td>
            <td>,300</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Shad Decker</td>
            <td>Regional Director</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>51</td>
            <td>2008/11/13</td>
            <td>,300</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Michael Bruce</td>
            <td>Javascript Developer</td>
            <td>Edinburgh</td>
            <td>29</td>
            <td>2011/06/27</td>
            <td>,080</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Donna Snider</td>
            <td>System Architect</td>
            <td>New York</td>
            <td>27</td>
            <td>2011/01/25</td>
            <td>,120</td>
          </tr>
        </tbody>
      </table>
    </div>

  </body>
</html>

更新

follow-up问题是：

Is it also posible that in this example only the column0 and 2 uses exact search and the column 1 and 4 for example use regular search?

你已经有了处理这个问题所需的各种部分，但这里有一些注意事项：

更改列列表以包含您要搜索的额外列：

.columns([0, 1, 2, 4])

如果列索引为 0 或 2，则使用 if 语句（或类似逻辑）执行“精确”搜索，否则执行“标准”搜索.

逻辑如下：

// Search the column for that value
var searchTerm = $(this).val();
 
if ( colIdx === 0 || colIdx === 2 ) {
  // we are doing an "exact" search:
  if (searchTerm.trim() === "") {
    searchTerm = ".*";
  }
  api
    .column(colIdx)
    .search("^" + searchTerm + "$", true, false, true)
    .draw();
} else {
  // we are doing a standard search:
  api
    .column(colIdx)
    .search(searchTerm, false, true, true)
    .draw();
}

您可以阅读有关各种 search() 参数的更多信息 here。

数据表在 header 搜索列上搜索完全匹配

Datatables Search exact match on header search column

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