SqlAlchemy SQL 服务器不明确的列名错误
SqlAlchemy SQL Server Ambiguous Column Name Error
我有一个我无法解决的问题。我正在开发连接到 SQL 服务器的 FastApi SqlAlchemy 应用程序。我已经在本地创建了我的模型和视图。但是当我部署服务器的时候出现了如下错误。我试过 Ubuntu、Linux、Windows 虚拟机，但情况是一样的。
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, Text, Column, DATE
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.ext.automap import automap_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
from sqlalchemy import select, MetaData, Table
from sqlalchemy.orm import scoped_session, sessionmaker, Query
from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql import pymssql
import urllib
import datetime
from sqlalchemy.sql.sqltypes import Date
params = urllib.parse.quote_plus("DRIVER={ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server};"
"SERVER=MYSERVER"
"UID=MYUSERNAME"
"PWD=MYPASSWD"
"DATABASE=MYDB"
"Trusted_Connection=no;"
"Integrated Security=false;")
engine = create_engine("mssql+pyodbc:///?odbc_connect={}".format(params))
engine.connect()
Base = declarative_base()
metadata = Base.metadata
session = scoped_session(sessionmaker(bind=engine))
class Users(Base):
__table__ = Table('astencube_users', Base.metadata, autoload=True, autoload_with=engine)
print(session.query(*Users.__table__.columns).all())
这是我的应用程序的一部分我正在尝试打印 table 但是当我尝试进行任何查询时出现以下错误。在我的本地机器上，当我部署它出现的任何机器时都没有错误。该错误还为我提供了一个代表我的 table 的参数，但是当我检查其他 table 时，问题仍然存在。在我的本地机器上没有问题。为什么会这样？
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1799, in _execute_context
self.dialect.do_execute(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py", line 717, in do_execute
cursor.execute(statement, parameters)
pyodbc.ProgrammingError: ('42000', "[42000] [Microsoft][ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server][SQL Server]Ambiguous column name 'constraint_schema'. (209) (SQLExecDirectW)")
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "file.py", line 35, in <module>
class Users(Base):
File "file.py", line 36, in Users
__table__ = Table('astencube_users', Base.metadata, autoload=True, autoload_with=engine)
File "<string>", line 2, in __new__
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/deprecations.py", line 298, in warned
return fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/schema.py", line 607, in __new__
metadata._remove_table(name, schema)
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/langhelpers.py", line 70, in __exit__
compat.raise_(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 207, in raise_
raise exception
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/schema.py", line 602, in __new__
table._init(name, metadata, *args, **kw)
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/schema.py", line 677, in _init
self._autoload(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/schema.py", line 712, in _autoload
conn_insp.reflect_table(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/reflection.py", line 795, in reflect_table
self._reflect_fk(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/reflection.py", line 948, in _reflect_fk
fkeys = self.get_foreign_keys(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/reflection.py", line 564, in get_foreign_keys
return self.dialect.get_foreign_keys(
File "<string>", line 2, in get_foreign_keys
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/reflection.py", line 55, in cache
ret = fn(self, con, *args, **kw)
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/base.py", line 2498, in wrap
return _switch_db(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/base.py", line 2522, in _switch_db
return fn(*arg, **kw)
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/base.py", line 3400, in get_foreign_keys
for r in connection.execute(s).fetchall():
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1286, in execute
return meth(self, multiparams, params, _EMPTY_EXECUTION_OPTS)
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/elements.py", line 325, in _execute_on_connection
return connection._execute_clauseelement(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1478, in _execute_clauseelement
ret = self._execute_context(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1842, in _execute_context
self._handle_dbapi_exception(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 2023, in _handle_dbapi_exception
util.raise_(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 207, in raise_
raise exception
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1799, in _execute_context
self.dialect.do_execute(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py", line 717, in do_execute
cursor.execute(statement, parameters)
sqlalchemy.exc.ProgrammingError: (pyodbc.ProgrammingError) ('42000', "[42000] [Microsoft][ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server][SQL Server]Ambiguous column name 'constraint_schema'. (209) (SQLExecDirectW)")
[SQL: WITH fk_info AS (
SELECT
ischema_ref_con.constraint_schema,
ischema_ref_con.constraint_name,
ischema_key_col.ordinal_position,
ischema_key_col.table_schema,
ischema_key_col.table_name,
ischema_ref_con.unique_constraint_schema,
ischema_ref_con.unique_constraint_name,
ischema_ref_con.match_option,
ischema_ref_con.update_rule,
ischema_ref_con.delete_rule,
ischema_key_col.column_name AS constrained_column
FROM
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS ischema_ref_con
INNER JOIN
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE ischema_key_col ON
ischema_key_col.table_schema = ischema_ref_con.constraint_schema
AND ischema_key_col.constraint_name =
ischema_ref_con.constraint_name
WHERE ischema_key_col.table_name = CAST(? AS NVARCHAR(max))
AND ischema_key_col.table_schema = CAST(? AS NVARCHAR(max))
),
constraint_info AS (
SELECT
ischema_key_col.constraint_schema,
ischema_key_col.constraint_name,
ischema_key_col.ordinal_position,
ischema_key_col.table_schema,
ischema_key_col.table_name,
ischema_key_col.column_name
FROM
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE ischema_key_col
),
index_info AS (
SELECT
sys.schemas.name AS index_schema,
sys.indexes.name AS index_name,
sys.index_columns.key_ordinal AS ordinal_position,
sys.schemas.name AS table_schema,
sys.objects.name AS table_name,
sys.columns.name AS column_name
FROM
sys.indexes
INNER JOIN
sys.objects ON
sys.objects.object_id = sys.indexes.object_id
INNER JOIN
sys.schemas ON
sys.schemas.schema_id = sys.objects.schema_id
INNER JOIN
sys.index_columns ON
sys.index_columns.object_id = sys.objects.object_id
AND sys.index_columns.index_id = sys.indexes.index_id
INNER JOIN
sys.columns ON
sys.columns.object_id = sys.indexes.object_id
AND sys.columns.column_id = sys.index_columns.column_id
)
SELECT
fk_info.constraint_schema,
fk_info.constraint_name,
fk_info.ordinal_position,
fk_info.constrained_column,
constraint_info.table_schema AS referred_table_schema,
constraint_info.table_name AS referred_table_name,
constraint_info.column_name AS referred_column,
fk_info.match_option,
fk_info.update_rule,
fk_info.delete_rule
FROM
fk_info INNER JOIN constraint_info ON
constraint_info.constraint_schema =
fk_info.unique_constraint_schema
AND constraint_info.constraint_name =
fk_info.unique_constraint_name
AND constraint_info.ordinal_position = fk_info.ordinal_position
UNION
SELECT
fk_info.constraint_schema,
fk_info.constraint_name,
fk_info.ordinal_position,
fk_info.constrained_column,
index_info.table_schema AS referred_table_schema,
index_info.table_name AS referred_table_name,
index_info.column_name AS referred_column,
fk_info.match_option,
fk_info.update_rule,
fk_info.delete_rule
FROM
fk_info INNER JOIN index_info ON
index_info.index_schema = fk_info.unique_constraint_schema
AND index_info.index_name = fk_info.unique_constraint_name
AND index_info.ordinal_position = fk_info.ordinal_position
ORDER BY constraint_schema, constraint_name, ordinal_position
]
[parameters: ('astencube_users', 'dbo')]
(Background on this error at: https://sqlalche.me/e/14/f405)
仔细检查上面的代码，我们发现了这条确切的错误消息：
pyodbc.ProgrammingError: ('42000', "[42000] [Microsoft][ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server][SQL Server]Ambiguous column name 'constraint_schema'. (209) (SQLExecDirectW)")
因此，当我们查看您在代码中引用 constraint_schema 的位置时，有几个地方。
对于其中的大多数，您已正确使用两部分命名以避免任何歧义。
但是您最终的 order by 条款没有：
ORDER BY constraint_schema, constraint_name, ordinal_position
P.S。将来自己调试这些东西的最佳方法是将 SQL 代码和 运行 直接用于 SQL 服务器，即从等式中消除 Python，因为它只是搅浑水
问题是因为我本地机器上的 SqlAlchemy version.The 版本是 1.4.25，当我安装最新版本到任何我得到 sql 显示错误的地方时 above.So发生问题是因为 version.Thanks.
我有一个我无法解决的问题。我正在开发连接到 SQL 服务器的 FastApi SqlAlchemy 应用程序。我已经在本地创建了我的模型和视图。但是当我部署服务器的时候出现了如下错误。我试过 Ubuntu、Linux、Windows 虚拟机，但情况是一样的。
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, Text, Column, DATE
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.ext.automap import automap_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
from sqlalchemy import select, MetaData, Table
from sqlalchemy.orm import scoped_session, sessionmaker, Query
from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
from sqlalchemy.dialects.mssql import pymssql
import urllib
import datetime
from sqlalchemy.sql.sqltypes import Date
params = urllib.parse.quote_plus("DRIVER={ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server};"
"SERVER=MYSERVER"
"UID=MYUSERNAME"
"PWD=MYPASSWD"
"DATABASE=MYDB"
"Trusted_Connection=no;"
"Integrated Security=false;")
engine = create_engine("mssql+pyodbc:///?odbc_connect={}".format(params))
engine.connect()
Base = declarative_base()
metadata = Base.metadata
session = scoped_session(sessionmaker(bind=engine))
class Users(Base):
__table__ = Table('astencube_users', Base.metadata, autoload=True, autoload_with=engine)
print(session.query(*Users.__table__.columns).all())
这是我的应用程序的一部分我正在尝试打印 table 但是当我尝试进行任何查询时出现以下错误。在我的本地机器上，当我部署它出现的任何机器时都没有错误。该错误还为我提供了一个代表我的 table 的参数，但是当我检查其他 table 时，问题仍然存在。在我的本地机器上没有问题。为什么会这样？
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1799, in _execute_context
self.dialect.do_execute(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py", line 717, in do_execute
cursor.execute(statement, parameters)
pyodbc.ProgrammingError: ('42000', "[42000] [Microsoft][ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server][SQL Server]Ambiguous column name 'constraint_schema'. (209) (SQLExecDirectW)")
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "file.py", line 35, in <module>
class Users(Base):
File "file.py", line 36, in Users
__table__ = Table('astencube_users', Base.metadata, autoload=True, autoload_with=engine)
File "<string>", line 2, in __new__
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/deprecations.py", line 298, in warned
return fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/schema.py", line 607, in __new__
metadata._remove_table(name, schema)
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/langhelpers.py", line 70, in __exit__
compat.raise_(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 207, in raise_
raise exception
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/schema.py", line 602, in __new__
table._init(name, metadata, *args, **kw)
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/schema.py", line 677, in _init
self._autoload(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/schema.py", line 712, in _autoload
conn_insp.reflect_table(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/reflection.py", line 795, in reflect_table
self._reflect_fk(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/reflection.py", line 948, in _reflect_fk
fkeys = self.get_foreign_keys(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/reflection.py", line 564, in get_foreign_keys
return self.dialect.get_foreign_keys(
File "<string>", line 2, in get_foreign_keys
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/reflection.py", line 55, in cache
ret = fn(self, con, *args, **kw)
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/base.py", line 2498, in wrap
return _switch_db(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/base.py", line 2522, in _switch_db
return fn(*arg, **kw)
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/dialects/mssql/base.py", line 3400, in get_foreign_keys
for r in connection.execute(s).fetchall():
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1286, in execute
return meth(self, multiparams, params, _EMPTY_EXECUTION_OPTS)
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/elements.py", line 325, in _execute_on_connection
return connection._execute_clauseelement(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1478, in _execute_clauseelement
ret = self._execute_context(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1842, in _execute_context
self._handle_dbapi_exception(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 2023, in _handle_dbapi_exception
util.raise_(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 207, in raise_
raise exception
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1799, in _execute_context
self.dialect.do_execute(
File "/home/ubuntu/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py", line 717, in do_execute
cursor.execute(statement, parameters)
sqlalchemy.exc.ProgrammingError: (pyodbc.ProgrammingError) ('42000', "[42000] [Microsoft][ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server][SQL Server]Ambiguous column name 'constraint_schema'. (209) (SQLExecDirectW)")
[SQL: WITH fk_info AS (
SELECT
ischema_ref_con.constraint_schema,
ischema_ref_con.constraint_name,
ischema_key_col.ordinal_position,
ischema_key_col.table_schema,
ischema_key_col.table_name,
ischema_ref_con.unique_constraint_schema,
ischema_ref_con.unique_constraint_name,
ischema_ref_con.match_option,
ischema_ref_con.update_rule,
ischema_ref_con.delete_rule,
ischema_key_col.column_name AS constrained_column
FROM
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS ischema_ref_con
INNER JOIN
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE ischema_key_col ON
ischema_key_col.table_schema = ischema_ref_con.constraint_schema
AND ischema_key_col.constraint_name =
ischema_ref_con.constraint_name
WHERE ischema_key_col.table_name = CAST(? AS NVARCHAR(max))
AND ischema_key_col.table_schema = CAST(? AS NVARCHAR(max))
),
constraint_info AS (
SELECT
ischema_key_col.constraint_schema,
ischema_key_col.constraint_name,
ischema_key_col.ordinal_position,
ischema_key_col.table_schema,
ischema_key_col.table_name,
ischema_key_col.column_name
FROM
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE ischema_key_col
),
index_info AS (
SELECT
sys.schemas.name AS index_schema,
sys.indexes.name AS index_name,
sys.index_columns.key_ordinal AS ordinal_position,
sys.schemas.name AS table_schema,
sys.objects.name AS table_name,
sys.columns.name AS column_name
FROM
sys.indexes
INNER JOIN
sys.objects ON
sys.objects.object_id = sys.indexes.object_id
INNER JOIN
sys.schemas ON
sys.schemas.schema_id = sys.objects.schema_id
INNER JOIN
sys.index_columns ON
sys.index_columns.object_id = sys.objects.object_id
AND sys.index_columns.index_id = sys.indexes.index_id
INNER JOIN
sys.columns ON
sys.columns.object_id = sys.indexes.object_id
AND sys.columns.column_id = sys.index_columns.column_id
)
SELECT
fk_info.constraint_schema,
fk_info.constraint_name,
fk_info.ordinal_position,
fk_info.constrained_column,
constraint_info.table_schema AS referred_table_schema,
constraint_info.table_name AS referred_table_name,
constraint_info.column_name AS referred_column,
fk_info.match_option,
fk_info.update_rule,
fk_info.delete_rule
FROM
fk_info INNER JOIN constraint_info ON
constraint_info.constraint_schema =
fk_info.unique_constraint_schema
AND constraint_info.constraint_name =
fk_info.unique_constraint_name
AND constraint_info.ordinal_position = fk_info.ordinal_position
UNION
SELECT
fk_info.constraint_schema,
fk_info.constraint_name,
fk_info.ordinal_position,
fk_info.constrained_column,
index_info.table_schema AS referred_table_schema,
index_info.table_name AS referred_table_name,
index_info.column_name AS referred_column,
fk_info.match_option,
fk_info.update_rule,
fk_info.delete_rule
FROM
fk_info INNER JOIN index_info ON
index_info.index_schema = fk_info.unique_constraint_schema
AND index_info.index_name = fk_info.unique_constraint_name
AND index_info.ordinal_position = fk_info.ordinal_position
ORDER BY constraint_schema, constraint_name, ordinal_position
]
[parameters: ('astencube_users', 'dbo')]
(Background on this error at: https://sqlalche.me/e/14/f405)
仔细检查上面的代码，我们发现了这条确切的错误消息：
pyodbc.ProgrammingError: ('42000', "[42000] [Microsoft][ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server][SQL Server]Ambiguous column name 'constraint_schema'. (209) (SQLExecDirectW)")
因此，当我们查看您在代码中引用 constraint_schema 的位置时，有几个地方。
对于其中的大多数，您已正确使用两部分命名以避免任何歧义。
但是您最终的 order by 条款没有：
ORDER BY constraint_schema, constraint_name, ordinal_position
P.S。将来自己调试这些东西的最佳方法是将 SQL 代码和 运行 直接用于 SQL 服务器，即从等式中消除 Python，因为它只是搅浑水
问题是因为我本地机器上的 SqlAlchemy version.The 版本是 1.4.25，当我安装最新版本到任何我得到 sql 显示错误的地方时 above.So发生问题是因为 version.Thanks.