每 N 个月将网格线添加到以日期为 x 轴的 geom_point 图中

Question

我有一个数据框，如下所示：

df <- data.frame(list(Name = c("A", "A", "A", "A", "A", 
                                     "B", "B", "B", "B", "B"), 
                            Date_Types = c("Date1", "Date2", 
                                     "Date3","Date4", "Date5", 
                                     "Date1", "Date2", "Date3", 
                                     "Date4", "Date5"), Dates = 
                              structure(c(18903, 18965, 19081, 
                                     19116, 19172, 19083, 19097, 
                                     19219, 19249, 19341), class = 
                                 "Date")))

我想创建一个绘图并每 3 个月（即每年每季度）添加一次垂直网格线。我有以下代码：

library(ggplot2)
my_date_format <- function()
{
   function(x)
   {
       m <- format(x,"%b")
       y <- format(x,"%Y")
       ifelse(duplicated(y),m,paste(m,y))
   }
}

ggplot(df, aes(x = Dates, y = Name)) + 
  theme_classic() + geom_point(aes(shape = Date_Types), size = 8) +
  theme(axis.line.y = element_blank(), axis.ticks = element_blank(),
        axis.title = element_blank(), axis.text = element_text(size=22),
        legend.text = element_text(size=22), legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_x_date(date_break = "1 month", labels = my_date_format()) +
  geom_vline(aes(xintercept= as.Date("2022-05-01")), 
             linetype = "dashed", color = "black", size = 1)

这意味着每年一月、四月、七月和十月的垂直线。所需的输出如下所示：

Answer 1

一种方法是使用 geom_vline 和您想要网格线的日期矢量手动添加“网格线”。您可以手动创建矢量或使用 lubridate.

动态计算开始和结束季度

library(ggplot2)
library(lubridate)

min_date <- lubridate::floor_date(min(df$Dates), unit = "quarter")
max_date <- lubridate::ceiling_date(max(df$Dates), unit = "quarter")

quarters <- seq.Date(min_date, max_date, by = "quarter")

ggplot(df, aes(x = Dates, y = Name)) +
  theme_classic() +
  geom_vline(xintercept = quarters, color = "grey92", size = .5) +
  geom_point(aes(shape = Date_Types), size = 8) +
  theme(
    axis.line.y = element_blank(), axis.ticks = element_blank(),
    axis.title = element_blank(), axis.text = element_text(size = 12),
    legend.text = element_text(size = 12), legend.title = element_blank()
  ) +
  scale_x_date(date_break = "1 month", labels = my_date_format()) +
  geom_vline(aes(xintercept = as.Date("2022-05-01")),
    linetype = "dashed", color = "black", size = 1
  )

Answer 2

您可以使用日期（从您的原始数据框生成）创建一个新的 data.frame 并将其提供给 geom_vline，如下所示：

quarters <- data.frame(
   q = seq.Date(as.Date(ISOdate(min(year(df$Dates)), 1, 1)),
                max(df$Dates),
                "3 months"))

ggplot(df, aes(x = Dates, y = Name)) + 
  theme_classic() + geom_point(aes(shape = Date_Types)) +
  theme(axis.line.y = element_blank(), axis.ticks = element_blank(),
        axis.title = element_blank(), legend.title = element_blank()) +
  scale_x_date(date_break = "1 month", labels = my_date_format()) +
  geom_vline(aes(xintercept = q), data = quarters,
             linetype = "dashed", color = "black", size = 1)

Answer 3

使用 lubridate 包，创建一个季度序列并将其作为垂直线添加到图中：

library(lubridate)

... + 
geom_vline(xintercept = seq(floor_date(min(df$Dates), unit = "quarter"),
                            ceiling_date(max(df$Dates), unit = "quarter"),
                            by = "1 quarter"))

完整代码：

df <- data.frame(list(Name = c("A", "A", "A", "A", "A", 
                                     "B", "B", "B", "B", "B"), 
                            Date_Types = c("Date1", "Date2", 
                                     "Date3","Date4", "Date5", 
                                     "Date1", "Date2", "Date3", 
                                     "Date4", "Date5"), Dates = 
                              structure(c(18903, 18965, 19081, 
                                     19116, 19172, 19083, 19097, 
                                     19219, 19249, 19341), class = 
                                 "Date")))
library(ggplot2)
my_date_format <- function()
{
    function(x)
    {
        m <- format(x,"%b")
        y <- format(x,"%Y")
        ifelse(duplicated(y),m,paste(m,y))
    }
}
library(lubridate)
ggplot(df, aes(x = Dates, y = Name)) + 
geom_vline(xintercept = seq(floor_date(min(df$Dates), unit = "quarter"),
                            ceiling_date(max(df$Dates), unit = "quarter"),
                            by = "1 quarter"),
           color = "grey80") + 
theme_classic() + geom_point(aes(shape = Date_Types), size = 8) +
theme(axis.line.y = element_blank(), axis.ticks = element_blank(),
      axis.title = element_blank(), axis.text = element_text(size=12),
      legend.text = element_text(size=22), legend.title = element_blank()) +
scale_x_date(date_break = "1 month", labels = my_date_format()) +
geom_vline(aes(xintercept= as.Date("2022-05-01")), 
           linetype = "dashed", color = "black", size = 1)

每 N 个月将网格线添加到以日期为 x 轴的 geom_point 图中

Add grid lines every N months to geom_point plot with date as x-axis

r

ggplot2