将参数传递给 Powershell 脚本

Question

我有一个最多接受 3 个参数的脚本 - 用户名、密码和发行版。

该脚本需要运行管理员身份，因为它会检查某些功能是否已启用并且只能以管理员身份完成。

# the command line is:
# linux-docker <username> <password> <distro>
# if no distro is specified then Debian is used.
param ([Parameter(Mandatory)]$username, [Parameter(Mandatory)]$password,  $distro='Debian')

# check if we are in admin mode and switch if we aren't
$currentPrincipal = New-Object Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal([Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent())
if (-Not $currentPrincipal.IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole]::Administrator)) {
    if (!([Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal][Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()).IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole] "Administrator")) {
        Start-Process powershell.exe "-NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File `"$PSCommandPath`"" -Verb RunAs; 
        Read-Host -Prompt "Failure: Press Enter to exit"
        exit;
    }
}

# ... rest of script

但是重新启动脚本会提示用户输入用户名和密码。我想将参数传递给提升的脚本。

我首先想到的是在Start-Process命令中添加$username、$password和$distro。

Start-Process powershell.exe "-NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File `"$PSCommandPath`" $username $password $debian" -Verb RunAs;

但退出时显示“失败”消息。

所以我查看了 -ArgumentList 但它死于处理该行：

Start-Process : A positional parameter cannot be found that accepts argument '-NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File "C:\Users\Graham Reeds\Documents\linux-docker.ps1"'.
At C:\Users\Graham Reeds\Documents\linux-docker.ps1:15 char:9
+         Start-Process powershell.exe "-NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Byp ...
+         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidArgument: (:) [Start-Process], ParameterBindingException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : PositionalParameterNotFound,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.StartProcessCommand
 
Failure: Press Enter to exit:

这可能很简单，但我是 Powershell 的菜鸟。

Answer 1

使用-ArgumentList参数应该可以，但是对于发送到脚本的参数，你需要从 BoundParameters 哈希中获取它们的名称和值：

$currentPrincipal = [Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal] [Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()
$isAdmin = $currentPrincipal.IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole]::Administrator)

if (!$isAdmin) {
    $argList = '-NoLogo', '-NoProfile', '-NoExit', '-ExecutionPolicy Bypass', '-File', ('"{0}"' -f $PSCommandPath)
    # Add script arguments
    $argList += $MyInvocation.BoundParameters.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object {"-$($_.Key)", "$($_.Value)"}
    try {
        Start-Process PowerShell.exe -WorkingDirectory $pwd.ProviderPath -ArgumentList $argList -Verb Runas -ErrorAction Stop
        # exit the current script
        exit
    }
    catch {
        Write-Warning "Failed to restart script '$PSCommandPath' with runas"
    }
}
# rest of the script

P.S。我个人喜欢总是使用 type-cast 参数，并在可能的情况下明确说明如果不使用强制参数，应按什么顺序给出 Named:

param (
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, Position = 0)][string] $username, 
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, Position = 1)][string] $password,  
    [string] $distro='Debian'
)

将参数传递给 Powershell 脚本

Passing arguments to Powershell script

powershell