如何将 argv 转换为 CreateProcess 的 lpCommandLine 参数？

Question

让我想写一个应用程序，启动另一个应用程序。像这样：

# This will launch another_app.exe
my_app.exe another_app.exe 
# This will launch another_app.exe with arg1, arg and arg3 arguments
my_app.exe another_app.exe arg1 arg2 arg3

这里的问题是我在我的 main 函数中得到 char* argv[]，但我需要将它合并到 LPTSTR 以便将它传递给 CreateProcess.

有一个 GetCommandLine 函数，但我无法使用它，因为我正在从 Linux 移植代码并绑定到 argc/argv（否则，这对我来说是一个非常丑陋的 hack ).

我无法轻松地手动合并参数，因为 argv[i] 可能包含空格。

基本上，我想要 CommandLineToArgvW 的反面。有标准方法吗？

Answer 1

没有 Win32 API 执行与 CommandLineToArgvW() 相反的操作。您必须自己格式化命令行字符串。这只不过是基本的字符串连接。

Microsoft 记录了命令行参数的格式（或者至少是 VC++ 编写的应用程序所期望的格式）：

Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments

Microsoft C/C++ startup code uses the following rules when interpreting arguments given on the operating system command line:

Arguments are delimited by white space, which is either a space or a tab.

The caret character (^) is not recognized as an escape character or delimiter. The character is handled completely by the command-line parser in the operating system before being passed to the argv array in the program.

A string surrounded by double quotation marks ("string") is interpreted as a single argument, regardless of white space contained within. A quoted string can be embedded in an argument.

A double quotation mark preceded by a backslash (\") is interpreted as a literal double quotation mark character (").

Backslashes are interpreted literally, unless they immediately precede a double quotation mark.

If an even number of backslashes is followed by a double quotation mark, one backslash is placed in the argv array for every pair of backslashes, and the double quotation mark is interpreted as a string delimiter.

If an odd number of backslashes is followed by a double quotation mark, one backslash is placed in the argv array for every pair of backslashes, and the double quotation mark is "escaped" by the remaining backslash, causing a literal double quotation mark (") to be placed in argv.

您应该不难编写一个接受字符串数组并将它们连接在一起的函数，对数组中的每个字符串应用上述规则的反向。

Answer 2

您需要重新创建命令行，注意将所有程序名称和参数包含在 " 中。这是通过将 \" 连接到这些字符串来完成的，一个在开头，一个在结尾。

假设要创建的程序名称是argv[1]，第一个参数argv[2]等等...

char command[1024]; // size to be adjusted
int i;
for (*command=0, i=1 ; i<argc ; i++) {
   if (i > 1) strcat(command, " ");
   strcat(command, "\"");
   strcat(command, argv[i]);
   strcat(command, "\"");
}

使用 CreateProcess

的第 2^nd 个参数

CreateProcess(NULL, command, ...);

Answer 3

Daniel Colascione 的博客提供了关于如何引用论点的最终答案：

https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/twistylittlepassagesallalike/2011/04/23/everyone-quotes-command-line-arguments-the-wrong-way/

我不太愿意在这里引用代码，因为我不知道许可证。基本思路是：

for each single argument:
    if it does not contain  \t\n\v\", 
        just use as is
    else
        output "
        for each character
            backslashes = 0
            if character is backslash
                count how many successive backslashes there are
            fi
            if eow
                output the backslashs doubled
                break
            else if char is "
                output the backslashs doubled
                output \"
            else
                output the backslashes (*not* doubled)
                output character
            fi
        rof
        output "
    fi // needs quoting
rof // each argument

如果需要将命令行传递给cmd.exe，请参阅文章（不同）。

我认为 Microsoft C 运行时库没有执行此操作的功能真是太疯狂了。

Answer 4

下面的代码如果适合你可以看看，txt数组sz可以用作字符串指针。我添加了对 Unicode 和 MBCS 的代码支持，

            #include <string>
            #include <vector>

            #ifdef _UNICODE
                #define String std::wstring
            #else
                #define String std::string
            #endif 

            int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
            {
                TCHAR sz[1024] = {0};
                std::vector<String> allArgs(argv, argv + argc);

                for(unsigned i=1; i < allArgs.size(); i++)
                {
                    TCHAR* ptr = (TCHAR*)allArgs[i].c_str();
                    _stprintf_s(sz, sizeof(sz), _T("%s %s"), sz, ptr);
                }

                return 0;
            }

如何将 argv 转换为 CreateProcess 的 lpCommandLine 参数？

How do I convert argv to lpCommandLine parameter of CreateProcess?

c

c++

windows

winapi

createprocess