如何使用 oracle 根据要求拆分给定的字符串

Question

我需要拆分名称以插入数据库。下面给出了一些示例字符串。

Covey, Stephen J, Mr
Clinton, Hilary B,
Obama, Barack, Mr

我需要像下面这样拆分上面的字符串。

First_Name       Middle_Initial      Last_NAME     Title
 Stephen               J               Covey         Mr
 Hilary                B               Clinton
 Barack                                Obama         Mr

我可以使用 java 代码实现上述目标。是否可以将这些字符串直接拆分为 sql select.?

请注意，很少有名字可能没有标题或中间名首字母。我需要上面给出的输出。

Answer 1

使用regexp_substr (DB >=10g):

SELECT TRIM( REGEXP_SUBSTR(input_row, '[^,]+', 1, 1)) AS Last_NAME,
TRIM( REGEXP_SUBSTR( REGEXP_SUBSTR(input_row, '[^,]+', 1, 2), '[^ ]+', 1, 1)) AS First_Name,
TRIM( REGEXP_SUBSTR( REGEXP_SUBSTR(input_row, '[^,]+', 1, 2), '[^ ]+', 1, 2)) AS Middle_Initial,
TRIM( REGEXP_SUBSTR(input_row, '[^,]+', 1, 3)) AS Title
FROM source_table;

Answer 2

这是 Alexander 的答案，使用改进的正则表达式来处理 NULL 列表元素。哦，不要重复那个正则表达式，而是通过创建一个函数使其可重用，如下所述：REGEX to select nth value from a list, allowing for nulls，然后调用它。这样，所有代码都被封装并可重用，只有一个地方可以更改代码，如果您必须：

SQL> with tbl(input_row) as (
   select 'Covey, Stephen J, Mr' from dual
   union
   select 'Clinton,,Ms' from dual
   union
   select 'Obama, Barack, Mr' from dual
   )
   SELECT TRIM( REGEXP_SUBSTR(input_row, '([^,]*)(,|$)', 1, 1, NULL, 1)) AS Last_NAME,
   TRIM( REGEXP_SUBSTR( REGEXP_SUBSTR(input_row, '([^,]*)(,|$)', 1, 2, NULL, 1), '[^ ]+', 1, 1)) AS First_Name,
   TRIM( REGEXP_SUBSTR( REGEXP_SUBSTR(input_row, '([^,]*)(,|$)', 1, 2, NULL, 1), '[^ ]+', 1, 2)) AS Middle_Initial,
   TRIM( REGEXP_SUBSTR(input_row, '([^,]*)(,|$)', 1, 3, NULL, 1)) AS Title
   FROM tbl;

LAST_NAME            FIRST_NAME           MIDDLE_INITIAL       TITLE
-------------------- -------------------- -------------------- --------------------
Clinton                                                        Ms
Covey                Stephen              J                    Mr
Obama                Barack                                    Mr

SQL>

Answer 3

SQL Fiddle

Oracle 11g R2 架构设置:

CREATE TABLE Names ( Name ) AS
          SELECT 'Covey, Stephen J, Mr' FROM DUAL
UNION ALL SELECT 'Clinton, Hilary B,' FROM DUAL
UNION ALL SELECT 'Obama, Barack, Mr' FROM DUAL

查询 1:

SELECT REGEXP_SUBSTR( Name, '^(.*?),\s*(.*?)(\s+(\w))?,\s*(.*)$', 1, 1, NULL, 1 ) AS Last_Name,
       REGEXP_SUBSTR( Name, '^(.*?),\s*(.*?)(\s+(\w))?,\s*(.*)$', 1, 1, NULL, 2 ) AS First_Name,
       REGEXP_SUBSTR( Name, '^(.*?),\s*(.*?)(\s+(\w))?,\s*(.*)$', 1, 1, NULL, 4 ) AS Middle_Initial,
       REGEXP_SUBSTR( Name, '^(.*?),\s*(.*?)(\s+(\w))?,\s*(.*)$', 1, 1, NULL, 5 ) AS Title
FROM   Names

Results:

| LAST_NAME | FIRST_NAME | MIDDLE_INITIAL |  TITLE |
|-----------|------------|----------------|--------|
|     Covey |    Stephen |              J |     Mr |
|   Clinton |     Hilary |              B | (null) |
|     Obama |     Barack |         (null) |     Mr |

查询 2:

SELECT REGEXP_REPLACE( Name, '^(.*?),\s*(.*?)(\s+(\w))?,\s*(.*)$', '' ) AS Last_Name,
       REGEXP_REPLACE( Name, '^(.*?),\s*(.*?)(\s+(\w))?,\s*(.*)$', '' ) AS First_Name,
       REGEXP_REPLACE( Name, '^(.*?),\s*(.*?)(\s+(\w))?,\s*(.*)$', '' ) AS Middle_Initial,
       REGEXP_REPLACE( Name, '^(.*?),\s*(.*?)(\s+(\w))?,\s*(.*)$', '' ) AS Title
FROM   Names

Results:

| LAST_NAME | FIRST_NAME | MIDDLE_INITIAL |  TITLE |
|-----------|------------|----------------|--------|
|     Covey |    Stephen |              J |     Mr |
|   Clinton |     Hilary |              B | (null) |
|     Obama |     Barack |         (null) |     Mr |

查询 3:

WITH Split_Names AS (
  SELECT REGEXP_SUBSTR( Name, '^[^,]+' ) AS Last_Name,
         REGEXP_REPLACE( Name, '^.*?,\s*|\s*,.*?$' ) AS Given_Names,
         REGEXP_SUBSTR( Name, '[^\s,]+$' ) AS Title
  FROM   Names
)
SELECT Last_Name,
       REGEXP_REPLACE( Given_Names, '\s+\w$' ) AS First_Name,
       TRIM( REGEXP_SUBSTR( Given_Names, '\s+\w$' ) ) AS Middle_Initial,
       Title
FROM   Split_Names

Results:

| LAST_NAME | FIRST_NAME | MIDDLE_INITIAL |  TITLE |
|-----------|------------|----------------|--------|
|     Covey |    Stephen |              J |     Mr |
|   Clinton |     Hilary |              B | (null) |
|     Obama |     Barack |         (null) |     Mr |

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