Android "gps requires ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" 错误，即使我的清单文件包含此错误

Question

每次我运行应用程序时，我的 SecurityException 都会被抛出，调试器的错误如下所示：

java.lang.SecurityException："gps" 位置提供者需要 ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION 或 ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION 权限。

这似乎是一个简单的错误，但是，我的清单文件是完全正确的。在这里，这也是我的 MapActivity 代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.providers.gsf.permission.READ_GSERVICES" />
<uses-permission android:name="com.dev.cromer.jason.coverme.permission.MAPS_RECEIVE" />

<application
    android:allowBackup="true"
    android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
    android:label="@string/app_name"
    android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
    <activity
        android:name=".MainActivity"
        android:label="@string/app_name" >
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

            <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
        </intent-filter>
    </activity>

    <meta-data
        android:name="com.google.android.gms.version"
        android:value="@integer/google_play_services_version" />
    <meta-data
        android:name="com.google.android.maps.v2.API_KEY"
        android:value= "@string/google_maps_key" />

    <activity
        android:name=".MapActivity"
        android:label="@string/title_activity_map" >
    </activity>
</application>

我的Activity:

    package com.dev.cromer.jason.coverme;

import android.location.Criteria;
import android.location.Location;
import android.location.LocationListener;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;

import com.google.android.gms.common.ConnectionResult;
import com.google.android.gms.common.api.GoogleApiClient;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationServices;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.CameraUpdateFactory;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.GoogleMap;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.SupportMapFragment;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.LatLng;
import com.google.android.gms.maps.model.MarkerOptions;

public class MapActivity extends FragmentActivity implements LocationListener {

    private GoogleMap mMap; // Might be null if Google Play services APK is not available.

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_map);

        setUpMapIfNeeded();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        setUpMapIfNeeded();
    }



    private void setUpMapIfNeeded() {
        // Do a null check to confirm that we have not already instantiated the map.
        if (mMap == null) {
            // Try to obtain the map from the SupportMapFragment.
            mMap = ((SupportMapFragment) getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.map))
                    .getMap();

            // Check if we were successful in obtaining the map.
            if (mMap != null) {
                //mMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);
                //mMap.setOnMyLocationChangeListener(this);
                setUpMap();
            }
        }
    }


    private void setUpMap() {
        mMap.addMarker(new MarkerOptions().position(new LatLng(0, 0)).title("Marker"));
        mMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);

        LocationManager locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);

        try {
            Location myLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);

            if (myLocation != null) {
                Log.d("TAG", "Not null");
            }
            else {
                Log.d("TAG", "NULL");
                locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, 0, 0, this);
            }
        }
        catch (SecurityException se) {
            Log.d("TAG", "SE CAUGHT");
            se.printStackTrace();
        }
    }


    @Override
    public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
        Log.d("CHANGED", "LOCATION UPDATED");

    }

    @Override
    public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {

    }
}

Answer 1

ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION、ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION、WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE都是the Android 6.0 runtime permission system的一部分。除了像您一样将它们放在清单中之外，您还必须在运行时向用户请求它们（使用 requestPermissions()）并查看您是否拥有它们（使用 checkSelfPermission()).

短期内的一个解决方法是将 targetSdkVersion 降到 23 以下。

但是，最终，您会希望更新您的应用程序以使用运行时权限系统。

例如，此 activity 使用五个权限。四个是运行时权限，虽然它目前只处理三个（我在 WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE 添加到运行时权限名册之前写的）。

/***
 Copyright (c) 2015 CommonsWare, LLC
 Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
 use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy
 of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0. Unless required
 by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the
 License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS
 OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific
 language governing permissions and limitations under the License.

 From _The Busy Coder's Guide to Android Development_
 https://commonsware.com/Android
 */

package com.commonsware.android.permmonger;

import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
  private static final String[] INITIAL_PERMS={
    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
    Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS
  };
  private static final String[] CAMERA_PERMS={
    Manifest.permission.CAMERA
  };
  private static final String[] CONTACTS_PERMS={
      Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS
  };
  private static final String[] LOCATION_PERMS={
      Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
  };
  private static final int INITIAL_REQUEST=1337;
  private static final int CAMERA_REQUEST=INITIAL_REQUEST+1;
  private static final int CONTACTS_REQUEST=INITIAL_REQUEST+2;
  private static final int LOCATION_REQUEST=INITIAL_REQUEST+3;
  private TextView location;
  private TextView camera;
  private TextView internet;
  private TextView contacts;
  private TextView storage;

  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.main);

    location=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.location_value);
    camera=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.camera_value);
    internet=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.internet_value);
    contacts=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.contacts_value);
    storage=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.storage_value);

    if (!canAccessLocation() || !canAccessContacts()) {
      requestPermissions(INITIAL_PERMS, INITIAL_REQUEST);
    }
  }

  @Override
  protected void onResume() {
    super.onResume();

    updateTable();
  }

  @Override
  public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
    getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.actions, menu);

    return(super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu));
  }

  @Override
  public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
    switch(item.getItemId()) {
      case R.id.camera:
        if (canAccessCamera()) {
          doCameraThing();
        }
        else {
          requestPermissions(CAMERA_PERMS, CAMERA_REQUEST);
        }
        return(true);

      case R.id.contacts:
        if (canAccessContacts()) {
          doContactsThing();
        }
        else {
          requestPermissions(CONTACTS_PERMS, CONTACTS_REQUEST);
        }
        return(true);

      case R.id.location:
        if (canAccessLocation()) {
          doLocationThing();
        }
        else {
          requestPermissions(LOCATION_PERMS, LOCATION_REQUEST);
        }
        return(true);
    }

    return(super.onOptionsItemSelected(item));
  }

  @Override
  public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
    updateTable();

    switch(requestCode) {
      case CAMERA_REQUEST:
        if (canAccessCamera()) {
          doCameraThing();
        }
        else {
          bzzzt();
        }
        break;

      case CONTACTS_REQUEST:
        if (canAccessContacts()) {
          doContactsThing();
        }
        else {
          bzzzt();
        }
        break;

      case LOCATION_REQUEST:
        if (canAccessLocation()) {
          doLocationThing();
        }
        else {
          bzzzt();
        }
        break;
    }
  }

  private void updateTable() {
    location.setText(String.valueOf(canAccessLocation()));
    camera.setText(String.valueOf(canAccessCamera()));
    internet.setText(String.valueOf(hasPermission(Manifest.permission.INTERNET)));
    contacts.setText(String.valueOf(canAccessContacts()));
    storage.setText(String.valueOf(hasPermission(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)));
  }

  private boolean canAccessLocation() {
    return(hasPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION));
  }

  private boolean canAccessCamera() {
    return(hasPermission(Manifest.permission.CAMERA));
  }

  private boolean canAccessContacts() {
    return(hasPermission(Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS));
  }

  private boolean hasPermission(String perm) {
    return(PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED==checkSelfPermission(perm));
  }

  private void bzzzt() {
    Toast.makeText(this, R.string.toast_bzzzt, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
  }

  private void doCameraThing() {
    Toast.makeText(this, R.string.toast_camera, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  }

  private void doContactsThing() {
    Toast.makeText(this, R.string.toast_contacts, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  }

  private void doLocationThing() {
    Toast.makeText(this, R.string.toast_location, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  }
}

（来自 this sample project）

For the requestPermissions() function, should the parameters just be "ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"? Or should I include the full name "android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"?

我会使用 Manifest.permission 上定义的常量，如上所示。

Also, what is the request code?

这将作为 onRequestPermissionsResult() 的第一个参数传回给您，因此您可以分辨出一个 requestPermissions() 呼叫来自另一个呼叫。

Answer 2

我的简单解决方案是这样

if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) ==
        PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED &&
        ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) ==
        PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
    googleMap.setMyLocationEnabled(true);
    googleMap.getUiSettings().setMyLocationButtonEnabled(true);
} else {
    Toast.makeText(this, R.string.error_permission_map, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}

或者您可以像这样在 else 中打开权限对话框

} else {
   ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[] {
      Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION, 
      Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION }, 
      TAG_CODE_PERMISSION_LOCATION);
}

Answer 3

原因："Beginning in Android 6.0 (API level 23), users grant permissions to apps while the app is running, not when they install the app." 在这种情况下，"ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" 是 "dangerous permission and for that reason, you get this 'java.lang.SecurityException: "gps" 位置提供者需要 ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION 权限。'错误（https://developer.android.com/training/permissions/requesting.html）。

解决方案：实施 https://developer.android.com/training/permissions/requesting.html 中 "Request the permissions you need" 和 "Handle the permissions request response" 标题下提供的代码。

Android "gps requires ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" 错误，即使我的清单文件包含此错误

Android "gps requires ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" error, even though my manifest file contains this

java

gps

android