为什么需要 container_of 而 kmalloc 已经 returns 指向内存位置的指针?

Why need container_of when kmalloc already returns the pointer to memory location?

kmalloc() returns 指向初始化期间分配的内存位置的指针,如果使包含 cdev 的结构指向它,为什么需要在打开文件操作中执行 container_of再次调用以获取包含 cdev 的结构的地址?

我猜你指的是这样的东西:

http://www.cs.uni.edu/~diesburg/courses/dd/code/scull/pipe.c

static int scull_p_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
    struct scull_pipe *dev;

    dev = container_of(inode->i_cdev, struct scull_pipe, cdev);
    // ...

kmalloc是这样使用的:

    scull_p_devices = kmalloc(scull_p_nr_devs * sizeof(struct scull_pipe), GFP_KERNEL);

其中 struct scull_pipe 是:

struct scull_pipe {
        wait_queue_head_t inq, outq;       /* read and write queues */
        char *buffer, *end;                /* begin of buf, end of buf */
        int buffersize;                    /* used in pointer arithmetic */
        char *rp, *wp;                     /* where to read, where to write */
        int nreaders, nwriters;            /* number of openings for r/w */
        struct fasync_struct *async_queue; /* asynchronous readers */
        struct semaphore sem;              /* mutual exclusion semaphore */
        struct cdev cdev;                  /* Char device structure */
};

使用 container_of 的原因是在 scull_p_open 回调中你没有指向 struct scull_pipe 实例的指针,但你可以访问 cdev 成员struct scull_pipe 结构(通过 inode->i_cdev)。为了得到cdev的容器地址(换句话说struct scull_pipe实例的地址),你需要使用container_of:

struct scull_pipe *dev;

dev = container_of(inode->i_cdev, struct scull_pipe, cdev);