同步奇怪的行为

synchronization weird behaviour

我在刷我的多线程基础。为了理解同步,我创建了以下程序-

package thread;

public class SynchronizedCounter implements Runnable{

    private static int counter = 0;

    public void run() {

        while(counter < 10) {
            synchronized (SynchronizedCounter.class) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "  :: reads ## " + counter);
                counter++;
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "  :: updated value ## " + counter);
            }

        }   
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Thread[] threads = new Thread[5];

        for(int i = 0; i < threads.length;  i++) {
            threads[i] = new Thread(new SynchronizedCounter(), "Thread-" + i);
            threads[i].start();
        }

        for(int i = 0; i < threads.length;  i++) {
            try {
                threads[i].join();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

现在当我执行时,得到了这个结果:

Thread-0  :: reads --> 0
Thread-0  :: updated value --> 1
Thread-3  :: reads --> 1
Thread-3  :: updated value --> 2
Thread-0  :: reads --> 2
Thread-0  :: updated value --> 3
Thread-0  :: reads --> 3
Thread-0  :: updated value --> 4
Thread-0  :: reads --> 4
Thread-0  :: updated value --> 5
Thread-0  :: reads --> 5
Thread-0  :: updated value --> 6
Thread-0  :: reads --> 6
Thread-0  :: updated value --> 7
Thread-0  :: reads --> 7
Thread-0  :: updated value --> 8
Thread-0  :: reads --> 8
Thread-0  :: updated value --> 9
Thread-0  :: reads --> 9
Thread-0  :: updated value --> 10
Thread-1  :: reads --> 10
Thread-1  :: updated value --> 11
Thread-2  :: reads --> 11
Thread-2  :: updated value --> 12
Thread-4  :: reads --> 12
Thread-4  :: updated value --> 13
Thread-3  :: reads --> 13
Thread-3  :: updated value --> 14

一切看起来都不错,但我不明白为什么 "counter" 的值会超过 10。即使值是 13 或 14,也就是大于 10,while 循环是如何通过的。我知道当控件试图当它可能读取不同的值时输入,并且当它第一次到达时打印它,即“:: reads -->”。但理想情况下,任何线程都应将此值增加到 10。请帮助我了解我遗漏的地方。

谢谢!!

因为synchronized(SynchronizedCounter.class)在while循环中。想象计数器命中 9。所有线程仍然可以进入 while 块,然后一个线程将 运行,将计数器递增到 10。它将退出同步块,允许另一个线程 运行,将计数器递增到11. 每个线程都如此,因此计数器将达到 14。然后下一次通过 while 循环时,计数器 < 10 测试将失败,它们将从 运行( ), 从而退出。

我猜同步块中的另一个计数器 < 10 测试会修复它。