VBA 字符串插值语法
VBA string interpolation syntax
什么是 VBA 字符串插值语法？存在吗？
我想使用 Excel VBA 来格式化一个字符串。
我有一个变量 foo，我想将它放入一个范围的字符串中。
Dim row as Long
row = 1
myString = "$row:$row"
我希望将字符串中的 $row 插入为“1”
我相信这很好用。
Dim row as Long
Dim s as String
row = 1
s = "$" & row & ":$" & row
除非您想要类似于 Python 或 C# 的 {} 表示法，否则这是执行此操作的标准方法。
您还可以构建自定义 Format 函数。
Public Function Format(ParamArray arr() As Variant) As String
Dim i As Long
Dim temp As String
temp = CStr(arr(0))
For i = 1 To UBound(arr)
temp = Replace(temp, "{" & i - 1 & "}", CStr(arr(i)))
Next
Format = temp
End Function
用法与C#类似，只是不能在字符串中直接引用变量。例如。 Format("This will {not} work") 但 Format("This {0} work", "will").
Public Sub Test()
Dim s As String
s = "Hello"
Debug.Print Format("{0}, {1}!", s, "World")
End Sub
打印出 Hello, World! 到即时 Window。
使用Key\Value对
另一种模拟字符串插值的替代方法是将 key\value 对作为 ParamArray 传递并相应地替换键。
需要注意的是，如果元素数量不是偶数，则会引发错误。
' Returns a string that replaced special keys with its associated pair value.
Public Function Inject(ByVal source As String, ParamArray keyValuePairs() As Variant) As String
If (UBound(keyValuePairs) - LBound(keyValuePairs) + 1) Mod 2 <> 0 Then
Err.Raise 5, "Inject", "Invalid parameters: expecting key/value pairs, but received an odd number of arguments."
End If
Inject = source
' Replace {key} with the pairing value.
Dim index As Long
For index = LBound(keyValuePairs) To UBound(keyValuePairs) Step 2
Inject = Replace(Inject, "{" & keyValuePairs(index) & "}", keyValuePairs(index + 1), , , vbTextCompare)
Next index
End Function
简单示例
这是一个简单的示例，说明如何实现它。
Private Sub testingInject()
Const name As String = "Robert"
Const age As String = 31
Debug.Print Inject("Hello, {name}! You are {age} years old!", "name", name, "age", age)
'~> Hello, Robert! You are 31 years old!
End Sub
虽然这可能会增加一些额外的字符串，但在我看来，这使得阅读长字符串变得更加容易。
查看使用串联的相同简单示例：
Debug.Print "Hello, " & name & "! You are " & age & " years old!"
使用Scripting.Dicitionary
真的，Scripting.Dictionary 非常适合，因为它们只是 key/value 对。这将是对我上面的代码的一个简单调整，只需将 Dictionary 作为参数并确保键匹配。
Public Function Inject(ByVal source As String, ByVal data As Scripting.Dictionary) As String
Inject = source
Dim key As Variant
For Each key In data.Keys
Inject = Replace(Inject, "{" & key & "}", data(key))
Next key
End Function
词典示例
以及将其用于词典的示例：
Private Sub testingInject()
Dim person As New Scripting.Dictionary
person("name") = "Robert"
person("age") = 31
Debug.Print Inject("Hello, {name}! You are {age} years old!", person)
'~> Hello, Robert! You are 31 years old!
End Sub
其他注意事项
集合听起来也不错，但无法访问密钥。那样可能会变得更乱。
如果使用字典方法，您可以创建一个简单的工厂函数来轻松创建字典。你可以在我的 Github Library Page.
上找到一个例子
为了模仿函数重载以提供所有不同的方式，您可以创建主 Inject 函数和 运行 在其中创建 select 语句。
如果需要，这是执行此操作所需的所有代码：
Public Function Inject(ByVal source As String, ParamArray data() As Variant) As String
Dim firstElement As Variant
assign firstElement, data(LBound(data))
Inject = InjectCharacters(source)
Select Case True
Case TypeName(firstElement) = "Dictionary"
Inject = InjectDictionary(Inject, firstElement)
Case InStr(source, "{0}") > 0
Inject = injectIndexes(Inject, CVar(data))
Case (UBound(data) - LBound(data) + 1) Mod 2 = 0
Inject = InjectKeyValuePairs(Inject, CVar(data))
Case Else
Err.Raise 5, "Inject", "Invalid parameters: expecting key/value pairs or Dictionary or an {0} element."
End Select
End Function
Private Function injectIndexes(ByVal source As String, ByVal data As Variant)
injectIndexes = source
Dim index As Long
For index = LBound(data) To UBound(data)
injectIndexes = Replace(injectIndexes, "{" & index & "}", data(index))
Next index
End Function
Private Function InjectKeyValuePairs(ByVal source As String, ByVal keyValuePairs As Variant)
InjectKeyValuePairs = source
Dim index As Long
For index = LBound(keyValuePairs) To UBound(keyValuePairs) Step 2
InjectKeyValuePairs = Replace(InjectKeyValuePairs, "{" & keyValuePairs(index) & "}", keyValuePairs(index + 1))
Next index
End Function
Private Function InjectDictionary(ByVal source As String, ByVal data As Scripting.Dictionary) As String
InjectDictionary = source
Dim key As Variant
For Each key In data.Keys
InjectDictionary = Replace(InjectDictionary, "{" & key & "}", data(key))
Next key
End Function
' QUICK TOOL TO EITHER SET OR LET DEPENDING ON IF ELEMENT IS AN OBJECT
Private Function assign(ByRef variable As Variant, ByVal value As Variant)
If IsObject(value) Then
Set variable = value
Else
Let variable = value
End If
End Function
End Function
Private Function InjectCharacters(ByVal source As String) As String
InjectCharacters = source
Dim keyValuePairs As Variant
keyValuePairs = Array("n", vbNewLine, "t", vbTab, "r", vbCr, "f", vbLf)
If (UBound(keyValuePairs) - LBound(keyValuePairs) + 1) Mod 2 <> 0 Then
Err.Raise 5, "Inject", "Invalid variable: expecting key/value pairs, but received an odd number of arguments."
End If
Dim RegEx As Object
Set RegEx = CreateObject("VBScript.RegExp")
RegEx.Global = True
' Replace is ran twice since it is possible for back to back patterns.
Dim index As Long
For index = LBound(keyValuePairs) To UBound(keyValuePairs) Step 2
RegEx.Pattern = "((?:^|[^\])(?:\{2})*)(?:\" & keyValuePairs(index) & ")+"
InjectCharacters = RegEx.Replace(InjectCharacters, "" & keyValuePairs(index + 1))
InjectCharacters = RegEx.Replace(InjectCharacters, "" & keyValuePairs(index + 1))
Next index
End Function
我有一个库函数 SPrintF() 可以满足您的需要。
它使用 VBA 的 ParamArray() 功能，用数量可扩展的参数替换提供的字符串中出现的 %s。
用法：
SPrintF("%s:%s", 1, 1) => "1:1"
SPrintF("Property %s added at %s on %s", "88 High St, Clapham", Time, Date) => ""Property 88 High St, Clapham added at 11:30:27 on 25/07/2019"
Function SprintF(strInput As String, ParamArray varSubstitutions() As Variant) As String
'Formatted string print: replaces all occurrences of %s in input with substitutions
Dim i As Long
Dim s As String
s = strInput
For i = 0 To UBound(varSubstitutions)
s = Replace(s, "%s", varSubstitutions(i), , 1)
Next
SprintF = s
End Function
只是作为脚注添加，此想法的灵感来自 C language printf function。
我使用与 类似的代码，除了我使用正则表达式替换出现的事件并允许用户为占位符指定 描述 。当你有一个很大的 table（比如在 Access 中）有很多字符串或翻译时，这很有用，这样你仍然知道每个数字的含义。
Function Format(ByVal Source As String, ParamArray Replacements() As Variant) As String
Dim Replacement As Variant
Dim i As Long
For i = 0 To UBound(Replacements)
Dim rx As New RegExp
With rx
.Pattern = "{" & i & "(?::(.+?))?}"
.IgnoreCase = True
.Global = True
End With
Select Case VarType(Replacements(i))
Case vbObject
If Replacements(i) Is Nothing Then
Dim Matches As MatchCollection
Set Matches = rx.Execute(Source)
If Matches.Count = 1 Then
Dim Items As SubMatches: Set Items = Matches(0).SubMatches
Dim Default As String: Default = Items(0)
Source = rx.Replace(Source, Default)
End If
End If
Case vbString
Source = rx.Replace(Source, CStr(Replacements(i)))
End Select
Next
Format = Source
End Function
Sub TestFormat()
Debug.Print Format("{0:Hi}, {1:space}!", Nothing, "World")
End Sub
什么是 VBA 字符串插值语法？存在吗？
我想使用 Excel VBA 来格式化一个字符串。 我有一个变量 foo，我想将它放入一个范围的字符串中。
Dim row as Long
row = 1
myString = "$row:$row"
我希望将字符串中的 $row 插入为“1”
我相信这很好用。
Dim row as Long
Dim s as String
row = 1
s = "$" & row & ":$" & row
除非您想要类似于 Python 或 C# 的 {} 表示法，否则这是执行此操作的标准方法。
您还可以构建自定义 Format 函数。
Public Function Format(ParamArray arr() As Variant) As String
Dim i As Long
Dim temp As String
temp = CStr(arr(0))
For i = 1 To UBound(arr)
temp = Replace(temp, "{" & i - 1 & "}", CStr(arr(i)))
Next
Format = temp
End Function
用法与C#类似，只是不能在字符串中直接引用变量。例如。 Format("This will {not} work") 但 Format("This {0} work", "will").
Public Sub Test()
Dim s As String
s = "Hello"
Debug.Print Format("{0}, {1}!", s, "World")
End Sub
打印出 Hello, World! 到即时 Window。
使用Key\Value对
另一种模拟字符串插值的替代方法是将 key\value 对作为 ParamArray 传递并相应地替换键。
需要注意的是，如果元素数量不是偶数，则会引发错误。
' Returns a string that replaced special keys with its associated pair value.
Public Function Inject(ByVal source As String, ParamArray keyValuePairs() As Variant) As String
If (UBound(keyValuePairs) - LBound(keyValuePairs) + 1) Mod 2 <> 0 Then
Err.Raise 5, "Inject", "Invalid parameters: expecting key/value pairs, but received an odd number of arguments."
End If
Inject = source
' Replace {key} with the pairing value.
Dim index As Long
For index = LBound(keyValuePairs) To UBound(keyValuePairs) Step 2
Inject = Replace(Inject, "{" & keyValuePairs(index) & "}", keyValuePairs(index + 1), , , vbTextCompare)
Next index
End Function
简单示例
这是一个简单的示例，说明如何实现它。
Private Sub testingInject()
Const name As String = "Robert"
Const age As String = 31
Debug.Print Inject("Hello, {name}! You are {age} years old!", "name", name, "age", age)
'~> Hello, Robert! You are 31 years old!
End Sub
虽然这可能会增加一些额外的字符串，但在我看来，这使得阅读长字符串变得更加容易。
查看使用串联的相同简单示例：
Debug.Print "Hello, " & name & "! You are " & age & " years old!"
使用Scripting.Dicitionary
真的，Scripting.Dictionary 非常适合，因为它们只是 key/value 对。这将是对我上面的代码的一个简单调整，只需将 Dictionary 作为参数并确保键匹配。
Public Function Inject(ByVal source As String, ByVal data As Scripting.Dictionary) As String
Inject = source
Dim key As Variant
For Each key In data.Keys
Inject = Replace(Inject, "{" & key & "}", data(key))
Next key
End Function
词典示例
以及将其用于词典的示例：
Private Sub testingInject()
Dim person As New Scripting.Dictionary
person("name") = "Robert"
person("age") = 31
Debug.Print Inject("Hello, {name}! You are {age} years old!", person)
'~> Hello, Robert! You are 31 years old!
End Sub
其他注意事项
集合听起来也不错，但无法访问密钥。那样可能会变得更乱。
如果使用字典方法，您可以创建一个简单的工厂函数来轻松创建字典。你可以在我的 Github Library Page.
上找到一个例子为了模仿函数重载以提供所有不同的方式，您可以创建主 Inject 函数和 运行 在其中创建 select 语句。
如果需要，这是执行此操作所需的所有代码：
Public Function Inject(ByVal source As String, ParamArray data() As Variant) As String
Dim firstElement As Variant
assign firstElement, data(LBound(data))
Inject = InjectCharacters(source)
Select Case True
Case TypeName(firstElement) = "Dictionary"
Inject = InjectDictionary(Inject, firstElement)
Case InStr(source, "{0}") > 0
Inject = injectIndexes(Inject, CVar(data))
Case (UBound(data) - LBound(data) + 1) Mod 2 = 0
Inject = InjectKeyValuePairs(Inject, CVar(data))
Case Else
Err.Raise 5, "Inject", "Invalid parameters: expecting key/value pairs or Dictionary or an {0} element."
End Select
End Function
Private Function injectIndexes(ByVal source As String, ByVal data As Variant)
injectIndexes = source
Dim index As Long
For index = LBound(data) To UBound(data)
injectIndexes = Replace(injectIndexes, "{" & index & "}", data(index))
Next index
End Function
Private Function InjectKeyValuePairs(ByVal source As String, ByVal keyValuePairs As Variant)
InjectKeyValuePairs = source
Dim index As Long
For index = LBound(keyValuePairs) To UBound(keyValuePairs) Step 2
InjectKeyValuePairs = Replace(InjectKeyValuePairs, "{" & keyValuePairs(index) & "}", keyValuePairs(index + 1))
Next index
End Function
Private Function InjectDictionary(ByVal source As String, ByVal data As Scripting.Dictionary) As String
InjectDictionary = source
Dim key As Variant
For Each key In data.Keys
InjectDictionary = Replace(InjectDictionary, "{" & key & "}", data(key))
Next key
End Function
' QUICK TOOL TO EITHER SET OR LET DEPENDING ON IF ELEMENT IS AN OBJECT
Private Function assign(ByRef variable As Variant, ByVal value As Variant)
If IsObject(value) Then
Set variable = value
Else
Let variable = value
End If
End Function
End Function
Private Function InjectCharacters(ByVal source As String) As String
InjectCharacters = source
Dim keyValuePairs As Variant
keyValuePairs = Array("n", vbNewLine, "t", vbTab, "r", vbCr, "f", vbLf)
If (UBound(keyValuePairs) - LBound(keyValuePairs) + 1) Mod 2 <> 0 Then
Err.Raise 5, "Inject", "Invalid variable: expecting key/value pairs, but received an odd number of arguments."
End If
Dim RegEx As Object
Set RegEx = CreateObject("VBScript.RegExp")
RegEx.Global = True
' Replace is ran twice since it is possible for back to back patterns.
Dim index As Long
For index = LBound(keyValuePairs) To UBound(keyValuePairs) Step 2
RegEx.Pattern = "((?:^|[^\])(?:\{2})*)(?:\" & keyValuePairs(index) & ")+"
InjectCharacters = RegEx.Replace(InjectCharacters, "" & keyValuePairs(index + 1))
InjectCharacters = RegEx.Replace(InjectCharacters, "" & keyValuePairs(index + 1))
Next index
End Function
我有一个库函数 SPrintF() 可以满足您的需要。
它使用 VBA 的 ParamArray() 功能，用数量可扩展的参数替换提供的字符串中出现的 %s。
用法：
SPrintF("%s:%s", 1, 1) => "1:1"
SPrintF("Property %s added at %s on %s", "88 High St, Clapham", Time, Date) => ""Property 88 High St, Clapham added at 11:30:27 on 25/07/2019"
Function SprintF(strInput As String, ParamArray varSubstitutions() As Variant) As String
'Formatted string print: replaces all occurrences of %s in input with substitutions
Dim i As Long
Dim s As String
s = strInput
For i = 0 To UBound(varSubstitutions)
s = Replace(s, "%s", varSubstitutions(i), , 1)
Next
SprintF = s
End Function
只是作为脚注添加，此想法的灵感来自 C language printf function。
我使用与
Function Format(ByVal Source As String, ParamArray Replacements() As Variant) As String
Dim Replacement As Variant
Dim i As Long
For i = 0 To UBound(Replacements)
Dim rx As New RegExp
With rx
.Pattern = "{" & i & "(?::(.+?))?}"
.IgnoreCase = True
.Global = True
End With
Select Case VarType(Replacements(i))
Case vbObject
If Replacements(i) Is Nothing Then
Dim Matches As MatchCollection
Set Matches = rx.Execute(Source)
If Matches.Count = 1 Then
Dim Items As SubMatches: Set Items = Matches(0).SubMatches
Dim Default As String: Default = Items(0)
Source = rx.Replace(Source, Default)
End If
End If
Case vbString
Source = rx.Replace(Source, CStr(Replacements(i)))
End Select
Next
Format = Source
End Function
Sub TestFormat()
Debug.Print Format("{0:Hi}, {1:space}!", Nothing, "World")
End Sub