ASP.NET 路由中的 MVC 5 文化和 url

ASP.NET MVC 5 culture in route and url

我翻译了我的 mvc 网站,效果很好。如果我 select 另一种语言(荷兰语或英语),内容会被翻译。 这是有效的,因为我在会话中设置了文化。

现在我想在 url 中展示 selected 文化(=culture)。 如果它是默认语言,则不应在 url 中显示,只有当它不是默认语言时,才应在 url.

中显示

例如:

对于默认文化(荷兰语):

site.com/foo
site.com/foo/bar
site.com/foo/bar/5

对于非默认文化(英语):

site.com/en/foo
site.com/en/foo/bar
site.com/en/foo/bar/5

我的问题是我总是看到这个:

site.com/nl/foo/bar/5 即使我点击了英语(参见 _Layout.cs)。我的内容已翻译成英文,但 url 中的路由参数保留在 "nl" 而不是 "en"。

我该如何解决这个问题或者我做错了什么?

我在 global.asax 中尝试设置 RouteData 但没有帮助。

  public class RouteConfig
  {
    public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
    {
      routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");
      routes.IgnoreRoute("favicon.ico");

      routes.LowercaseUrls = true;

      routes.MapRoute(
        name: "Errors",
        url: "Error/{action}/{code}",
        defaults: new { controller = "Error", action = "Other", code = RouteParameter.Optional }
        );

      routes.MapRoute(
        name: "DefaultWithCulture",
        url: "{culture}/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
        defaults: new { culture = "nl", controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional },
        constraints: new { culture = "[a-z]{2}" }
        );// or maybe: "[a-z]{2}-[a-z]{2}

      routes.MapRoute(
          name: "Default",
          url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
          defaults: new { culture = "nl", controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
      );
    }

Global.asax.cs:

  protected void Application_Start()
    {
      MvcHandler.DisableMvcResponseHeader = true;

      AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
      FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
      RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
      BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
    }

    protected void Application_AcquireRequestState(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
      if (HttpContext.Current.Session != null)
      {
        CultureInfo ci = (CultureInfo)this.Session["Culture"];
        if (ci == null)
        {
          string langName = "nl";
          if (HttpContext.Current.Request.UserLanguages != null && HttpContext.Current.Request.UserLanguages.Length != 0)
          {
            langName = HttpContext.Current.Request.UserLanguages[0].Substring(0, 2);
          }
          ci = new CultureInfo(langName);
          this.Session["Culture"] = ci;
        }

        HttpContextBase currentContext = new HttpContextWrapper(HttpContext.Current);
        RouteData routeData = RouteTable.Routes.GetRouteData(currentContext);
        routeData.Values["culture"] = ci;

        Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = ci;
        Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = CultureInfo.CreateSpecificCulture(ci.Name);
      }
    }

_Layout.cs(我让用户更改语言)

// ...
                            <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu">
                                <li class="@isCurrentLang("nl")">@Html.ActionLink("Nederlands", "ChangeCulture", "Culture", new { lang = "nl", returnUrl = this.Request.RawUrl }, new { rel = "alternate", hreflang = "nl" })</li>
                                <li class="@isCurrentLang("en")">@Html.ActionLink("English", "ChangeCulture", "Culture", new { lang = "en", returnUrl = this.Request.RawUrl }, new { rel = "alternate", hreflang = "en" })</li>
                            </ul>
// ...

CultureController:(=我在哪里设置我在 GlobalAsax 中使用的会话以更改 CurrentCulture 和 CurrentUICulture)

public class CultureController : Controller
  {
    // GET: Culture
    public ActionResult Index()
    {
      return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
    }

    public ActionResult ChangeCulture(string lang, string returnUrl)
    {
      Session["Culture"] = new CultureInfo(lang);
      if (Url.IsLocalUrl(returnUrl))
      {
        return Redirect(returnUrl);
      }
      else
      {
        return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
      }
    }
  }

这种方法有几个问题,但归结为工作流程问题。

  1. 您有一个 CultureController,其唯一目的是将用户重定向到网站上的另一个页面。请记住 RedirectToAction 将向用户的浏览器发送 HTTP 302 响应,这将告诉它在您的服务器上查找新位置。这是不必要的网络往返。
  2. 当 URL 中已经可用时,您正在使用会话状态来存储用户的文化。在这种情况下完全不需要会话状态。
  3. 您正在阅读用户的 HttpContext.Current.Request.UserLanguages,这可能与他们在 URL 中请求的文化不同。

第三个问题主要是因为 Microsoft 和 Google 在如何处理全球化方面存在根本不同的观点。

Microsoft 的(原始)观点是相同的 URL 应该用于每种文化,并且浏览器的 UserLanguages 应该决定网站应该显示什么语言。

Google的观点是every culture should be hosted on a different URL。如果您考虑一下,这会更有意义。每个在搜索结果 (SERP) 中找到您网站的人都希望能够以他们的母语搜索内容。

网站的全球化应被视为 内容 而不是个性化 - 您正在向 群体 的人传播一种文化,不是一个人。因此,使用 ASP.NET 的任何个性化功能(例如会话状态或 cookie)来实现全球化通常没有意义 - 这些功能会阻止搜索引擎对本地化页面的内容编制索引。

如果您只需将用户路由到一个新的 URL 就可以将用户带到不同的文化,那么就不用担心了 - 您不需要单独的页面让用户 select 他们的文化,只需在页眉或页脚中包含 link 即可更改现有页面的文化,然后所有 link 将自动切换到用户选择的文化(因为MVC automatically reuses route values from the current request).

解决问题

首先,去掉CultureControllerApplication_AcquireRequestState方法中的代码。

文化过滤器

现在,由于文化是一个横切关注点,设置当前线程的文化应该在 IAuthorizationFilter 中完成。这确保在 MVC 中使用 ModelBinder 之前设置区域性。

using System.Globalization;
using System.Threading;
using System.Web.Mvc;

public class CultureFilter : IAuthorizationFilter
{
    private readonly string defaultCulture;

    public CultureFilter(string defaultCulture)
    {
        this.defaultCulture = defaultCulture;
    }

    public void OnAuthorization(AuthorizationContext filterContext)
    {
        var values = filterContext.RouteData.Values;

        string culture = (string)values["culture"] ?? this.defaultCulture;

        CultureInfo ci = new CultureInfo(culture);

        Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = ci;
        Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = CultureInfo.CreateSpecificCulture(ci.Name);
    }
}

您可以通过将其注册为全局过滤器来全局设置过滤器。

public class FilterConfig
{
    public static void RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilterCollection filters)
    {
        filters.Add(new CultureFilter(defaultCulture: "nl"));
        filters.Add(new HandleErrorAttribute());
    }
}

语言选择

您可以通过 link 将语言 select 简化为当前页面的相同操作和控制器,并将其作为选项包含在 [=26] 的页眉或页脚中=].

@{ 
    var routeValues = this.ViewContext.RouteData.Values;
    var controller = routeValues["controller"] as string;
    var action = routeValues["action"] as string;
}
<ul>
    <li>@Html.ActionLink("Nederlands", @action, @controller, new { culture = "nl" }, new { rel = "alternate", hreflang = "nl" })</li>
    <li>@Html.ActionLink("English", @action, @controller, new { culture = "en" }, new { rel = "alternate", hreflang = "en" })</li>
</ul>

如前所述,页面上的所有其他 link 将自动从当前上下文传递一种文化,因此它们将自动保持在同一文化中。在这些情况下没有理由明确传递文化。

@ActionLink("About", "About", "Home")

加上上面的link,如果当前的URL是/Home/Contact,生成的link就是/Home/About。如果当前URL为/en/Home/Contact,则link将生成为/en/Home/About

默认文化

终于到了您问题的核心。您的默认区域性未正确生成的原因是因为路由是双向映射,无论您是匹配传入请求还是生成传出请求 URL,第一个匹配项总是获胜。在构建 URL 时,第一个匹配项是 DefaultWithCulture.

通常情况下,您只需颠倒路由的顺序即可解决此问题。但是,在您的情况下,这会导致传入路由失败。

因此,在您的情况下,最简单的选择是构建一个 custom route constraint 来处理生成 URL 时默认区域性的特殊情况。当提供默认区域性时,您只需 return false,这将导致 .NET 路由框架跳过 DefaultWithCulture 路由并移动到下一个注册路由(在本例中为 Default)。

using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Routing;

public class CultureConstraint : IRouteConstraint
{
    private readonly string defaultCulture;
    private readonly string pattern;

    public CultureConstraint(string defaultCulture, string pattern)
    {
        this.defaultCulture = defaultCulture;
        this.pattern = pattern;
    }

    public bool Match(
        HttpContextBase httpContext, 
        Route route, 
        string parameterName, 
        RouteValueDictionary values, 
        RouteDirection routeDirection)
    {
        if (routeDirection == RouteDirection.UrlGeneration && 
            this.defaultCulture.Equals(values[parameterName]))
        {
            return false;
        }
        else
        {
            return Regex.IsMatch((string)values[parameterName], "^" + pattern + "$");
        }
    }
}

剩下的就是将约束添加到路由配置中。您还应该删除 DefaultWithCulture 路由中文化的默认设置,因为无论如何您只希望它在 URL 中提供文化时匹配。另一方面,Default 路线应该有文化,因为无法通过 URL.

传递它
routes.LowercaseUrls = true;

routes.MapRoute(
  name: "Errors",
  url: "Error/{action}/{code}",
  defaults: new { controller = "Error", action = "Other", code = UrlParameter.Optional }
  );

routes.MapRoute(
  name: "DefaultWithCulture",
  url: "{culture}/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
  defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional },
  constraints: new { culture = new CultureConstraint(defaultCulture: "nl", pattern: "[a-z]{2}") }
  );

routes.MapRoute(
    name: "Default",
    url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
    defaults: new { culture = "nl", controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
);

属性路由

NOTE: This section applies only if you are using MVC 5. You can skip this if you are using a previous version.

对于 AttributeRouting,您可以通过为每个操作自动创建 2 条不同的路由来简化操作。您需要稍微调整每条路线并将它们添加到 MapMvcAttributeRoutes 使用的相同 class 结构中。不幸的是,Microsoft 决定将类型设为内部类型,因此它需要反射来实例化和填充它们。

RouteCollectionExtensions

这里我们只是使用 MVC 的内置功能来扫描我们的项目并创建一组路由,然后在添加实例到我们的 MVC RouteTable。

还创建了一个单独的路由来解析 URLs(与 AttributeRouting 的处理方式相同)。

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Mvc.Routing;
using System.Web.Routing;

public static class RouteCollectionExtensions
{
    public static void MapLocalizedMvcAttributeRoutes(this RouteCollection routes, string urlPrefix, object constraints)
    {
        MapLocalizedMvcAttributeRoutes(routes, urlPrefix, new RouteValueDictionary(constraints));
    }

    public static void MapLocalizedMvcAttributeRoutes(this RouteCollection routes, string urlPrefix, RouteValueDictionary constraints)
    {
        var routeCollectionRouteType = Type.GetType("System.Web.Mvc.Routing.RouteCollectionRoute, System.Web.Mvc");
        var subRouteCollectionType = Type.GetType("System.Web.Mvc.Routing.SubRouteCollection, System.Web.Mvc");
        FieldInfo subRoutesInfo = routeCollectionRouteType.GetField("_subRoutes", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);

        var subRoutes = Activator.CreateInstance(subRouteCollectionType);
        var routeEntries = Activator.CreateInstance(routeCollectionRouteType, subRoutes);

        // Add the route entries collection first to the route collection
        routes.Add((RouteBase)routeEntries);

        var localizedRouteTable = new RouteCollection();

        // Get a copy of the attribute routes
        localizedRouteTable.MapMvcAttributeRoutes();

        foreach (var routeBase in localizedRouteTable)
        {
            if (routeBase.GetType().Equals(routeCollectionRouteType))
            {
                // Get the value of the _subRoutes field
                var tempSubRoutes = subRoutesInfo.GetValue(routeBase);

                // Get the PropertyInfo for the Entries property
                PropertyInfo entriesInfo = subRouteCollectionType.GetProperty("Entries");

                if (entriesInfo.PropertyType.GetInterfaces().Contains(typeof(IEnumerable)))
                {
                    foreach (RouteEntry routeEntry in (IEnumerable)entriesInfo.GetValue(tempSubRoutes))
                    {
                        var route = routeEntry.Route;

                        // Create the localized route
                        var localizedRoute = CreateLocalizedRoute(route, urlPrefix, constraints);

                        // Add the localized route entry
                        var localizedRouteEntry = CreateLocalizedRouteEntry(routeEntry.Name, localizedRoute);
                        AddRouteEntry(subRouteCollectionType, subRoutes, localizedRouteEntry);

                        // Add the default route entry
                        AddRouteEntry(subRouteCollectionType, subRoutes, routeEntry);


                        // Add the localized link generation route
                        var localizedLinkGenerationRoute = CreateLinkGenerationRoute(localizedRoute);
                        routes.Add(localizedLinkGenerationRoute);

                        // Add the default link generation route
                        var linkGenerationRoute = CreateLinkGenerationRoute(route);
                        routes.Add(linkGenerationRoute);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private static Route CreateLocalizedRoute(Route route, string urlPrefix, RouteValueDictionary constraints)
    {
        // Add the URL prefix
        var routeUrl = urlPrefix + route.Url;

        // Combine the constraints
        var routeConstraints = new RouteValueDictionary(constraints);
        foreach (var constraint in route.Constraints)
        {
            routeConstraints.Add(constraint.Key, constraint.Value);
        }

        return new Route(routeUrl, route.Defaults, routeConstraints, route.DataTokens, route.RouteHandler);
    }

    private static RouteEntry CreateLocalizedRouteEntry(string name, Route route)
    {
        var localizedRouteEntryName = string.IsNullOrEmpty(name) ? null : name + "_Localized";
        return new RouteEntry(localizedRouteEntryName, route);
    }

    private static void AddRouteEntry(Type subRouteCollectionType, object subRoutes, RouteEntry newEntry)
    {
        var addMethodInfo = subRouteCollectionType.GetMethod("Add");
        addMethodInfo.Invoke(subRoutes, new[] { newEntry });
    }

    private static RouteBase CreateLinkGenerationRoute(Route innerRoute)
    {
        var linkGenerationRouteType = Type.GetType("System.Web.Mvc.Routing.LinkGenerationRoute, System.Web.Mvc");
        return (RouteBase)Activator.CreateInstance(linkGenerationRouteType, innerRoute);
    }
}

那么就是调用这个方法而不是MapMvcAttributeRoutes.

public class RouteConfig
{
    public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
    {
        routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");

        // Call to register your localized and default attribute routes
        routes.MapLocalizedMvcAttributeRoutes(
            urlPrefix: "{culture}/", 
            constraints: new { culture = new CultureConstraint(defaultCulture: "nl", pattern: "[a-z]{2}") }
        );

        routes.MapRoute(
            name: "DefaultWithCulture",
            url: "{culture}/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
            defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional },
            constraints: new { culture = new CultureConstraint(defaultCulture: "nl", pattern: "[a-z]{2}") }
        );

        routes.MapRoute(
            name: "Default",
            url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
            defaults: new { culture = "nl", controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
        );
    }
}

默认文化修复

NightOwl888 的精彩 post。虽然缺少一些东西——正常的(非本地化的)URL-generation 属性路由,通过反射添加,也需要一个默认的文化参数,否则你会在 URL 中得到一个查询参数。

?culture=nl

为了避免这种情况,必须进行以下更改:

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Mvc.Routing;
using System.Web.Routing;

namespace Endpoints.WebPublic.Infrastructure.Routing
{
    public static class RouteCollectionExtensions
    {
        public static void MapLocalizedMvcAttributeRoutes(this RouteCollection routes, string urlPrefix, object defaults, object constraints)
        {
            MapLocalizedMvcAttributeRoutes(routes, urlPrefix, new RouteValueDictionary(defaults), new RouteValueDictionary(constraints));
        }

        public static void MapLocalizedMvcAttributeRoutes(this RouteCollection routes, string urlPrefix, RouteValueDictionary defaults, RouteValueDictionary constraints)
        {
            var routeCollectionRouteType = Type.GetType("System.Web.Mvc.Routing.RouteCollectionRoute, System.Web.Mvc");
            var subRouteCollectionType = Type.GetType("System.Web.Mvc.Routing.SubRouteCollection, System.Web.Mvc");
            FieldInfo subRoutesInfo = routeCollectionRouteType.GetField("_subRoutes", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);

            var subRoutes = Activator.CreateInstance(subRouteCollectionType);
            var routeEntries = Activator.CreateInstance(routeCollectionRouteType, subRoutes);

            // Add the route entries collection first to the route collection
            routes.Add((RouteBase)routeEntries);

            var localizedRouteTable = new RouteCollection();

            // Get a copy of the attribute routes
            localizedRouteTable.MapMvcAttributeRoutes();

            foreach (var routeBase in localizedRouteTable)
            {
                if (routeBase.GetType().Equals(routeCollectionRouteType))
                {
                    // Get the value of the _subRoutes field
                    var tempSubRoutes = subRoutesInfo.GetValue(routeBase);

                    // Get the PropertyInfo for the Entries property
                    PropertyInfo entriesInfo = subRouteCollectionType.GetProperty("Entries");

                    if (entriesInfo.PropertyType.GetInterfaces().Contains(typeof(IEnumerable)))
                    {
                        foreach (RouteEntry routeEntry in (IEnumerable)entriesInfo.GetValue(tempSubRoutes))
                        {
                            var route = routeEntry.Route;

                            // Create the localized route
                            var localizedRoute = CreateLocalizedRoute(route, urlPrefix, constraints);

                            // Add the localized route entry
                            var localizedRouteEntry = CreateLocalizedRouteEntry(routeEntry.Name, localizedRoute);
                            AddRouteEntry(subRouteCollectionType, subRoutes, localizedRouteEntry);

                            // Add the default route entry
                            AddRouteEntry(subRouteCollectionType, subRoutes, routeEntry);


                            // Add the localized link generation route
                            var localizedLinkGenerationRoute = CreateLinkGenerationRoute(localizedRoute);
                            routes.Add(localizedLinkGenerationRoute);

                            // Add the default link generation route
                            //FIX: needed for default culture on normal attribute route
                            var newDefaults = new RouteValueDictionary(defaults);
                            route.Defaults.ToList().ForEach(x => newDefaults.Add(x.Key, x.Value));
                            var routeWithNewDefaults = new Route(route.Url, newDefaults, route.Constraints, route.DataTokens, route.RouteHandler);
                            var linkGenerationRoute = CreateLinkGenerationRoute(routeWithNewDefaults);
                            routes.Add(linkGenerationRoute);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        private static Route CreateLocalizedRoute(Route route, string urlPrefix, RouteValueDictionary constraints)
        {
            // Add the URL prefix
            var routeUrl = urlPrefix + route.Url;

            // Combine the constraints
            var routeConstraints = new RouteValueDictionary(constraints);
            foreach (var constraint in route.Constraints)
            {
                routeConstraints.Add(constraint.Key, constraint.Value);
            }

            return new Route(routeUrl, route.Defaults, routeConstraints, route.DataTokens, route.RouteHandler);
        }

        private static RouteEntry CreateLocalizedRouteEntry(string name, Route route)
        {
            var localizedRouteEntryName = string.IsNullOrEmpty(name) ? null : name + "_Localized";
            return new RouteEntry(localizedRouteEntryName, route);
        }

        private static void AddRouteEntry(Type subRouteCollectionType, object subRoutes, RouteEntry newEntry)
        {
            var addMethodInfo = subRouteCollectionType.GetMethod("Add");
            addMethodInfo.Invoke(subRoutes, new[] { newEntry });
        }

        private static RouteBase CreateLinkGenerationRoute(Route innerRoute)
        {
            var linkGenerationRouteType = Type.GetType("System.Web.Mvc.Routing.LinkGenerationRoute, System.Web.Mvc");
            return (RouteBase)Activator.CreateInstance(linkGenerationRouteType, innerRoute);
        }
    }
}

以及属性路由注册:

    RouteTable.Routes.MapLocalizedMvcAttributeRoutes(
        urlPrefix: "{culture}/",
        defaults: new { culture = "nl" },
        constraints: new { culture = new CultureConstraint(defaultCulture: "nl", pattern: "[a-z]{2}") }
    );

更好的解决方案

实际上,一段时间后,我需要添加 url 翻译,所以我深入挖掘,似乎没有必要进行所描述的反射黑客攻击。 ASP.NET 伙计们想到了,有更简洁的解决方案 - 相反,您可以像这样扩展 DefaultDirectRouteProvider

public static class RouteCollectionExtensions
{
    public static void MapLocalizedMvcAttributeRoutes(this RouteCollection routes, string defaultCulture)
    {
        var routeProvider = new LocalizeDirectRouteProvider(
            "{culture}/", 
            defaultCulture
            );
        routes.MapMvcAttributeRoutes(routeProvider);
    }
}

class LocalizeDirectRouteProvider : DefaultDirectRouteProvider
{
    ILogger _log = LogManager.GetCurrentClassLogger();

    string _urlPrefix;
    string _defaultCulture;
    RouteValueDictionary _constraints;

    public LocalizeDirectRouteProvider(string urlPrefix, string defaultCulture)
    {
        _urlPrefix = urlPrefix;
        _defaultCulture = defaultCulture;
        _constraints = new RouteValueDictionary() { { "culture", new CultureConstraint(defaultCulture: defaultCulture) } };
    }

    protected override IReadOnlyList<RouteEntry> GetActionDirectRoutes(
                ActionDescriptor actionDescriptor,
                IReadOnlyList<IDirectRouteFactory> factories,
                IInlineConstraintResolver constraintResolver)
    {
        var originalEntries = base.GetActionDirectRoutes(actionDescriptor, factories, constraintResolver);
        var finalEntries = new List<RouteEntry>();

        foreach (RouteEntry originalEntry in originalEntries)
        {
            var localizedRoute = CreateLocalizedRoute(originalEntry.Route, _urlPrefix, _constraints);
            var localizedRouteEntry = CreateLocalizedRouteEntry(originalEntry.Name, localizedRoute);
            finalEntries.Add(localizedRouteEntry);
            originalEntry.Route.Defaults.Add("culture", _defaultCulture);
            finalEntries.Add(originalEntry);
        }

        return finalEntries;
    }

    private Route CreateLocalizedRoute(Route route, string urlPrefix, RouteValueDictionary constraints)
    {
        // Add the URL prefix
        var routeUrl = urlPrefix + route.Url;

        // Combine the constraints
        var routeConstraints = new RouteValueDictionary(constraints);
        foreach (var constraint in route.Constraints)
        {
            routeConstraints.Add(constraint.Key, constraint.Value);
        }

        return new Route(routeUrl, route.Defaults, routeConstraints, route.DataTokens, route.RouteHandler);
    }

    private RouteEntry CreateLocalizedRouteEntry(string name, Route route)
    {
        var localizedRouteEntryName = string.IsNullOrEmpty(name) ? null : name + "_Localized";
        return new RouteEntry(localizedRouteEntryName, route);
    }
}

有基于此的解决方案,包括url这里翻译:https://github.com/boudinov/mvc-5-routing-localization