Mongoose - 如果不存在则创建文档,否则,在任何一种情况下都更新 - return 文档

Mongoose - Create document if not exists, otherwise, update- return document in either case

我正在寻找一种方法来重构我的部分代码,使其更短更简单,但我对 Mongoose 不是很了解,我不确定如何进行。

我正在尝试检查集合中是否存在文档,如果不存在,则创建它。如果它确实存在,我需要更新它。无论哪种情况,之后我都需要访问文档的内容。

到目前为止,我所做的是查询特定文档的集合,如果未找到,则创建一个新文档。如果找到,我会更新它(目前使用日期作为虚拟数据)。从那里我可以访问从我最初的 find 操作中找到的文档或新保存的文档并且这有效,但必须有更好的方法来完成我所追求的。

这是我的工作代码,没有让人分心的额外内容。

var query = Model.find({
    /* query */
}).lean().limit(1);

// Find the document
query.exec(function(error, result) {
    if (error) { throw error; }
    // If the document doesn't exist
    if (!result.length) {
        // Create a new one
        var model = new Model(); //use the defaults in the schema
        model.save(function(error) {
            if (error) { throw error; }
            // do something with the document here
        });
    }
    // If the document does exist
    else {
        // Update it
        var query = { /* query */ },
            update = {},
            options = {};

        Model.update(query, update, options, function(error) {
            if (error) { throw error; }
            // do the same something with the document here
            // in this case, using result[0] from the topmost query
        });
    }
});

我研究了 findOneAndUpdate 和其他相关方法,但我不确定它们是否适合我的用例,或者我是否了解如何正确使用它们。谁能指出我正确的方向?

(大概)相关问题:


编辑

我在搜索时没有遇到向我指出的问题,但在查看那里的答案后我想出了这个问题。在我看来,它肯定更漂亮,而且有效,所以除非我做错了什么,否则我认为我的问题可能会被关闭。

如果您对我的解决方案有任何补充意见,我将不胜感激。

// Setup stuff
var query = { /* query */ },
    update = { expire: new Date() },
    options = { upsert: true };

// Find the document
Model.findOneAndUpdate(query, update, options, function(error, result) {
    if (!error) {
        // If the document doesn't exist
        if (!result) {
            // Create it
            result = new Model();
        }
        // Save the document
        result.save(function(error) {
            if (!error) {
                // Do something with the document
            } else {
                throw error;
            }
        });
    }
});

您正在查找 new 选项参数。 new 选项 returns 新创建的文档(如果创建了新文档)。像这样使用它:

var query = {},
    update = { expire: new Date() },
    options = { upsert: true, new: true, setDefaultsOnInsert: true };

// Find the document
Model.findOneAndUpdate(query, update, options, function(error, result) {
    if (error) return;

    // do something with the document
});

由于 upsert 如果找不到文档就会创建一个文档,因此您无需手动创建另一个文档。

由于您希望重构部分代码以使其更短更简单,

  1. 使用async / await
  2. 使用.findOneAndUpdate() as suggested in this

let query = { /* query */ };
let update = {expire: new Date()};
let options = {upsert: true, new: true, setDefaultsOnInsert: true};
let model = await Model.findOneAndUpdate(query, update, options);
///This is simple example explaining findByIDAndUpdate from my code added with try catch block to catch errors
try{
const options = {
            upsert: true,
            new: true,
            setDefaultsOnInsert: true
        };
        const query = {
            $set: {
                description: req.body.description,
                title: req.body.title
            }
        };
        const survey = await Survey.findByIdAndUpdate(
            req.params.id,
            query,
            options
        ).populate("questions");
}catch(e){
console.log(e)
}

这是一个例子:

const mongoose = require('mongoose');
mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost/rsvp', {useNewUrlParser: true, useUnifiedTopology: true});

const db = mongoose.connection;

db.on('error', () => {
  console.log('mongoose connection error');
});

db.once('open', () => {
  console.log('mongoose connected successfully');
});

const rsvpSchema = mongoose.Schema({
  firstName: String,
  lastName: String,
  email: String,
  guests: Number
});

const Rsvp = mongoose.model('Rsvp', rsvpSchema);


// This is the part you will need... In this example, if first and last name match, update email and guest number. Otherwise, create a new document. The key is to learn to put "upsert" as the "options" for the argument.
const findRsvpAndUpdate = (result, callback) => {

  Rsvp.findOneAndUpdate({firstName: result.firstName, lastName: result.lastName}, result, { upsert: true }, (err, results) => {
    if (err) {
      callback(err);
    } else {
      callback(null, results);
    }
  })
};


// From your server index.js file, call this...
app.post('/rsvps', (req, res) => {
  findRsvpAndUpdate(req.body, (error, result) => {
    if (error) {
      res.status(500).send(error);
    } else {
      res.status(200).send(result);
    }
  })
});

这是我正在使用的示例。我必须 return 为 UI 更新等自定义响应。这可以更短。用户是

const UserScheme = mongoose.Schema({
    _id: String,
    name: String,
    city: String,
    address: String,
},{timestamps: true});

const User = mongoose.model('Users', UserScheme);


async function userUpdateAdd(data){
    var resp = '{"status": "error"}';
    if(data){
    var resp = await User.updateOne({ _id: data._id }, data).then(function(err, res){
        console.log("database.userUpdateAdd -> Update data saved in database!");
        if(err){
            var errMessage = err.matchedCount == 0 ? "User Record does not exist, will create new..." : "Record not updated";
            // If no match, create new
            if(err.matchedCount == 0){
                const create_user = new User(data);
                resp = create_user.save().then(function(){
                    console.log("database.userUpdateAdd -> Data saved to database!");
                    return '{"status":"success", "message": "New User added successfully"}';
                });
                return resp;
            }

            // Exists, return success update message
            if(err.matchedCount == 1){
                return '{"status": "success", "message" : "Update saved successfully"}';
            } else {
                return '{"status": "error", "code": "' + err.modifiedCount + '", "message": "' + errMessage + '"}';
            }
        }
        })
        .catch((error) => {
            //When there are errors We handle them here
            console.log("database.userUpdateAdd -> Error, data not saved! Server error");
            return '{"status": "error", "code": "400", "message": "Server error!"}';
        });
    }
    return resp;
}