根据文件名选择POSIX个文件

Question

我在尝试根据开头字符 select 访问此文件时遇到问题...

set location to "/Users/myuser/Desktop/"
set bom to POSIX file (location & (first file of location whose name begins with "thisFile"))
tell application "Preview" to open bom

它是path/alias 还是文本类型的东西？

Answer 1

只有System Events和Finder知道文件系统中的文件是什么。
Finder 有一个属性 desktop，它始终指向当前用户的桌面。

tell application "Finder" to set bom to first file of desktop whose name begins with "thisFile"
tell application "Preview" to open (bom as alias)

或使用任意 POSIX 路径

set location to POSIX file "/Users/myuser/Desktop" as text
tell application "Finder" to set bom to first file of folder location whose name begins with "thisFile"
tell application "Preview" to open (bom as alias)

需要 alias 强制转换，因为 Preview 无法识别 Finder 文件说明符对象。

Answer 2

效果很好，但值得一提的是：

您甚至可以在默认上下文、 中访问知名文件夹在 System Events 和 Finder 的上下文之外；例如：
- path to desktop
- path to home folder
- 例如，使用 POSIX path of (path to home folder) 获取 POSIX 路径。
使用上下文 System Events 通常优于 Finder 上下文，因为性能和可预测性。

对于任意目标文件夹，使用 POSIX 路径：

tell application "System Events"
  set targetFolder to alias "/Users/jdoe/Desktop"
  # equivalent of: set targetFolder to (path to desktop)
  set targetFile to first file of targetFolder whose name starts with "thisFile"
end tell

tell application "Preview" to open targetFile

或者，如果您熟悉 shell，您可以尝试：

set targetFilePosixPath to do shell script "fls=(~/Desktop/*.pdf); printf %s \"$fls\""
tell application "Preview" to open (POSIX file targetFilePosixPath as alias)

根据文件名选择POSIX个文件

Selecting POSIX file based on file name

applescript