使用 Floki 和 HttPotion 的 Elixir 脚本无法解析 url

Elixir script using Floki and HttPotion fails to parse url

我正在尝试使用 Floki and HttPotion 为维基百科文章的文本编写脚本。我的失败代码如下所示:

defmodule Scraper do

  def start do
    base = "https://en.wikipedia.org"
    response = HTTPotion.get base <> "/wiki/Main_Page"
    html = response.body
    main_bg = Floki.find(html, ".MainPageBG")
    main_bg
      |> Floki.find("table tr li a")
      |> Floki.attribute("href")
      |> Enum.map(fn(addr) -> HTTPotion.get(base <> addr) end)
  end
end

我引用了 Floki 自述文件中的内容:

html
|> Floki.find(".pages a")
|> Floki.attribute("href")
|> Enum.map(fn(url) -> HTTPoison.get!(url) end)

当我将结果通过管道传输到 Floki.attribute("href") 时,我得到了一个很好的 url 路径名列表,例如:

["/wiki/Japanese_aircraft_carrier_Hiry%C5%ABwow",
 "/wiki/Boys_Don%27t_Cry_(film)wow", "/wiki/Elias_Abraham_Rosenbergwow",
 "/wiki/Japanese_aircraft_carrier_Hiry%C5%ABwow",
 "/wiki/Boys_Don%27t_Cry_(film)wow", "/wiki/Elias_Abraham_Rosenbergwow",
 "/wiki/Wikipedia:Today%27s_featured_article/November_2015wow",
 "https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/daily-article-lwow",
 "/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_articleswow", "/wiki/Schloss_Krobnitzwow",
 "/wiki/Prussiawow", "/wiki/Albrecht_von_Roonwow", "/wiki/Harry_Winerwow",
 "/wiki/Rob_Thomas_(writer)wow", "/wiki/Of_Vice_and_Menwow",
 "/wiki/Veronica_Marswow", "/wiki/Meithalunwow", "/wiki/Palestinian_peoplewow",
 "/wiki/Marj_Sanurwow", "/wiki/Soma_Norodomwow",...]

但是,当行 |> Enum.map(fn(addr) -> HTTPotion.get(base <> addr) end) 运行时,我得到这个错误:

** (HTTPotion.HTTPError) {:url_parsing_failed, {:error, :invalid_uri}}
    (httpotion) lib/httpotion.ex:209: HTTPotion.handle_response/1
       (elixir) lib/enum.ex:977: anonymous fn/3 in Enum.map/2
       (elixir) lib/enum.ex:1261: Enum."-reduce/3-lists^foldl/2-0-"/3
       (elixir) lib/enum.ex:977: Enum.map/2

我看到 :url_parsing_failed,但我不明白为什么。当我尝试 Enum.map(fn(addr) -> HTTPotion.get(base <> addr) 与列表中的单个 url 路径时,它们都有效。

根据 manukall 的回答,这里是有效的:

defmodule Scraper do
  def transform_url(url_or_path = "/" <> _, base), do: base <> url_or_path
  def transform_url(url, _base), do: url

  def start do
    base = "https://en.wikipedia.org"
    response = HTTPotion.get base <> "/wiki/Main_Page"
    html = response.body
    main_bg = Floki.find(html, ".MainPageBG")
    main_bg
      |> Floki.find("table tr li a")
      |> Floki.attribute("href")
      |> Enum.map(fn(url) -> OldRazor.transform_url(url, base) end)
      |> Enum.map(fn(url) -> HTTPotion.get(url) end)
  end
end

如果您再次仔细查看 url 的列表,您会注意到其中有一个绝对值 url:“https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/daily-article-lwow". This won't work with HTTPotion.get(base <> addr), because it will end up requesting a url like "https://en.wikipedia.orghttps://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/daily-article-lwow”。

解决这个问题的一种方法是编写另一个函数 transform_url 检查值是否以 / 开头,然后才将基数 url 添加到它前面:

  def transform_url(url_or_path = "/" <> _, base), do: base <> url_or_path
  def transform_url(url, _base), do: url

然后您可以将其用作

  ...
  |> Enum.map(fn(url) -> HTTPoison.get!(transform_url((url)) end)